Sekwakhiwe Bangaki Il-2 (1941 - 1945)

Ngaphezu ethangini T-34, PCA othomathikhi, uphawu benqobile futhi kabanzi uthathwa njengoba Il-2. iminyaka 1941-1945 babe nesikhathi ukuhlola amandla likahulumeni waseSoviet, babonisa titanic amathuba imboni yasekhaya, okuyinto wakwazi ngokushesha phaka enkulu kunazo zonke ukukhiqizwa ezweni izindiza zempi. Phakathi nempi, "umkhomo" IL kwakwakhiwe angaphezu kwangu-36 eziyinkulungwane. Lokhu "kwegazi" umlando angazanga ngaphambili. Hhayi washaywa leli rekhodi namuhla.

ezimbili zokuhlasela izindiza

Esikhathini namathathu banesifo esibi ngasekupheleni umqondo jikelele okuhlaselayo izindlela Tactical wonke amazwe kwadingeka ingxenye emoyeni. Impi eSpain Khalkhin- lwaveza ukuthi ngaphandle kwe ukusekela izindiza ukwenza kunzima ukuhlaselwa, futhi umoya bokuphakama kuqinisekisa impumelelo emhlabathini. Phakathi nale nkathi, kukhona ekilasini elithile izindiza, ngokuthi stormtroopers. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke abameleli bayo ngokuhamba seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili waqala, ezisikiselwe - German Ju-87 futhi IL-2 yethu. 1941 kwaba ukuqala ukuqhathanisa kwabo okuwusizo. Izici Main ukuzwakala kukhonjiswa ku Table.

Kuyinto kungalungile ukusho yokuthi IL-2 lwenzelwe imoto kamuva German (iminyaka emihlanu mayelana zezindiza - isikhathi eside). Ngaphandle kwalokho, "Junkers-87" kwaba ngcono kunezinye uma sisebenzisa ukubulawa okubhekiswe ngokuvumela yehle cishe mpo futhi ephelele uhlelo kuhloswe.

Noma kunjalo, iningi izinkomba kuhlasela German mncane IL-2 Soviet. 1941 kwaba usuku kokuqala ekukhiqizweni. Saqala ngo-February, ngakho ngaphambi kwempi.

Umqondo oyisisekelo

In autumn 1939 umshayeli abadumile VK Kokkinaki waphakamisa emoyeni nezimfihlo "umkhiqizo" ngaphansi kophawu CDB-55, e-imibuthano emincane ebuthweni lempi laseSoviet futhi elite lobuchwepheshe, eyaziwa nangokuthi SB-2. Kwaze kwaba yilapho i-prototype ngaleso intuthuko uphendulé IL-2. Ukuhlasela yakhelwe ngokuhambisana umqondo izinguquko izingxenye ezinjalo fuselage, njengoba izimbambo futhi longerons, cishe amiswe, namandla imithwalo wagabadela sikebhe ngesikhathi esisodwa vala kusuka elimazayo izici izisebenzi kanye amayunithi ezibalulekile, kuhlanganise uwoyela injini ezipholile kanye ethangini . ezindizeni Ngasekuqaleni ezakhiwa ehlukile: ku isimo transverse kanye amaphrofayli longitudinal ukuthi agibele amahhashi bezinhlamvu, ngezinye izikhathi zempi. SV Ilyushin yombuzo survivability ziphathwe konke ukunakwa.

Esebenzisa wokulwela ukuphila

Iphuzu ezingavikelekile kakhulu zalo izindiza - Nenkabazwe yayo labaqaphi elingemuva. "Buka umsila" cishe okuqinisekisiwe ukunqoba ukunqoba zasemoyeni. Shooter ukulawula le izoni eziyingozi, ekhona yonke ekuhlaseleni, kuhlanganise nabangu-S-87. Il-2 izindiza ayehlukile kuzo analogue emhlabeni oza izinguqulo ezimbili: olulodwa futhi double (kodwa kancane kamuva ngalokho). Okokhelekayo amathangi abe design esiyingqayizivele, okuvumela ukunciphisa ukulahleka uphethiloli uma lumbago. esikhethekile Uqinisa endaweni evulekile, "okuphulukisa" amanxeba awathola empini.

Bulletproof umshayeli isibani evikelwe kanye gumbi metal. Lezi kanye nezinye izindlela design babephumelela kangangokuthi eSoviet kuhlasela izindiza wabuyela base yabo, ngisho nangemva kokuthola izimbobo, anamakhulu mahlanu.

izinketho main

Zonke izinguqulo zenzelwe eziyisithupha, kodwa main ezimbili sifanelwe incazelo ekhethekile. Ilyushin ekuqaleni ahlelile bonyana kuhlasela double nge opharetha umdubuli kambayimbayi-radio, ivikela Nenkabazwe labaqaphi elingemuva. Nokho, okuyizona kuyilapho imfundiso lempi, eqala ukuphakama ngokuphelele emoyeni emva isicelo se-osheshayo knockdown nokudluliselwa ukulwa imisebenzi ukuze izwe lesitha sabo, utshelwa ubuholi wezwe ukwakha umshini elula. Wanikwa amaJuda Umklami Jikelele ayalwa ukuba 'asuse ezingadingekile. " Ubuze besimo lesi sinqumo (nabanye abaningi) lwembula ngokushesha waqala impi. IL-2, zibancishe ukuvikelwa, kanjalo sibe isisulu esilula "Messers". Mechanics phezu airfields ezingemuva waqala ekuguqulweni esizimele izindiza, ukusika izimbobo Plating ophezulu we izidleke umcibisholo. ubuholi kukaStalin, Nokho, asikwazi usolwa ngokunukubeza uporstvovanii oyisiphukuphuku. uhlelo Double kwaphinde unikezwe "ukukhanya green", nakuba, ngeshwa, umdubuli basele sengozini.

"Umfowenu Omncane" ka IL-10

Yiqiniso, lokhu indiza edume emelelwa wobuciko aviakonstruktorskoy wacabanga, kodwa ukusetshenziswa Tactical ikakhulukazi ongaphakeme engamamitha ezingeni lelisetulu umonakalo owabangelwa Il-2. iminyaka 1941-1945 kwakhiwa izibalo jikelele, owawuthi "Il'yushin" ngokwesilinganiso cishe 53 nokuhlasela kwenziwe kuze lapho uphoqelekile phansi. Ngesikhathi sigaba impi eyaphela ngawo wayezimisele ngcono indiza okufushane impi lapho design kwamaphutha sibonelo babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli: ekwazi ukumelana namandla omoya ngcono kakhulu (chassis kubuyiswe ku iphiko, kodwa hhayi nacelle Ikakhulu, cooler uwoyela isithekile "isisu" ku fuselage) ngokuphepha armored cab umcibisholo-radio-opharetha et al.

Lokhu ukuguqulwa lithole IL-10 isiqu, ngisho kwadingeka isikhathi ukwenza impi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili futhi eKorea, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. It kwaqalisa isikhathi jet ngesivinini ...