Saudi King Abdullah nomndeni wakhe

Januwari 23, 2015 ku Riyadh isifo samaphaphu wafa endala kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi, le nkosi zamanje emhlabeni - uyiNkosi ka-Saudi Arabia, owabusa kusukela ngo-2005 - Abdullah Saudi Arabia. Umnyaka eseduze yenkosi wayeneminyaka engamashumi 91 ubudala, yena kwadingeka ezintathu kweshumi nawomkabo nabantwana engaphezu kwamashumi amane.

isimo esisodwa

kakhulu Igama elikhulu Arabian Peninsula isimo livela lwamakhosi wezwe elibusayo. Okhokho Saudis zaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-15, futhi kusukela phakathi 18th baqala ukulwela nokwakhiwa kombuso owodwa. Kulesi emzabalazweni, bancika imisinga ezahlukene Islam, kuhlanganise Wahhabism. Saudis ukuze eyonqoba bangena ezivumelwaneni nge amazwe - kuhlanganise izwe laseBrithani nelase-US, njengoba kakade kwase ekhulwini lama-20.

Ngaphambi Saudi Arabia atholwe isimo samanje futhi isimiso sezombusazwe, kwakukhona imizamo ezimbili akuphumelelanga lemfundo umbuso Saudi: e 1744 ngaphansi kobuholi Mohammad Ibn Saud e 1818, lapho umbusi emazweni Arabian baba Turki Ibn Adallo ibn Muhammad Ibn Saud, futhi kamuva - bakhe indodana Faisal. Kodwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, i-Saudis zaxoshwa Riyadh - Riyadh ukuba Kuwait abameleli nomunye umkhaya enamandla - Rashidi.

Umuntu owasungula le ke ngohlu lozalo lwasebukhosini

Ekuqaleni entsha - amabili - ekhulwini phakathi Saudis owayefuna ukwakha isimo esihlanganisiwe Arabian ngaphansi kokubusa kwakhe, kwakukhona umuntu osemncane, obazali izingalo kanye isayensi lezempi bakhangwa abangaphezu kuka amapheshana enkolo noma ubuqili nefilosofi Eastern. Igama lakhe kwakungu-Abdul-Aziz Ibn Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud, noma umane Ibn Saud - nenkosi yokuqala yakwa-Saudi Arabia.

Kuzoqalwa nge nezinye izifundazwe - Nejd - sithembele kaZiqu elithi "ubumsulwa" Islam, okwenza ngesisekelo ibutho Bedouins, ayebafundise indlela isakhiwo sokuhlala, ngesikhathi esifanele sisekelwe ukusekela kweBrithani, usebenzisa impumelelo lobuchwepheshe kanye ezesayensi entsha ekhulwini - umsakazo, izimoto, zezindiza, ucingo - Abdul Aziz ngo-1932 baba inhloko eyasungulwa isimo esinamandla Islamic. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, inhloko-Saudi Arabia, babephakathi kwamalungu yanjalo yomndeni owodwa: Ibn Saud namadodana akhe ayisithupha.

Centre zomhlaba Islamic

Phakathi epithets aluhlaza yaklonyeliswa umbusi autocratic Saudi umbuso, ingenye amagama abalulekile kakhulu emhlabeni Muslim - ". Umgcini we ababili oNgcwele Amathempeli" Inkosi yakwa-Saudi Arabia has imizi emibili emikhulu for Muslims ozinikele - Mecca futhi Medina, okuyizinto izindawo ezinkulu Islam. Kuyinto bebheke Mecca ephendulela ukunaka lapho kuthandazwa nsuku amaSulumane. Maphakathi Mecca kuyinto sasekhaya, Sanctuary, Mosque Omkhulu - Al-haram, egcekeni okuyinto Kaaba - "indlu engcwele" - isakhiwo cubic nge esakhelwe omunye amakhona Black yayo Stone, okuyinto uthunyelwe ngu Allah kumprofethi u-Adamu, futhi wathintwa Prophet Mohammed. Lezi izindawo zokukhulekela - iwumgomo oyinhloko ezazifunwa Hajj-pilgrim.

Medina - emzini lapho kwakuhlala khona ngobukhulu Muslim Mosque - Masjid al-Nabawi - Mosque uMprofethi, ophahleni olungaphakathi lwesakhiwo oluhlaza okuyinto endaweni yokungcwaba Mohammed.

Inkosi yakwa-Saudi Arabia, phakathi kwezinye izinto - umuntu, okuyinto unomthwalo ukuphepha ezindaweni ezingcwele Muslim, ngokuba ukuphila nokuphepha kwabo esikhulu sabantu - labo enze Hajj.

wayeyindodana yesishiyagalombili umkakhe

Umsunguli Saudi Arabia - Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud - owayengumbusi empumalanga kweqiniso: abafazi eziningi Abangaba nedlanzana ezimbalwa, wamzalela 45 Amadodana izindlalifa. unkosikazi lesishiyagalombili, u-Ibn Saud kwaba bint Fahd Aziz Ashur, washada ngemva Saudis wayebulele umyeni wakhe wokuqala - isitha esibi kunazo zonke Abdul Aziz - umbusi omunye Emirates Arabian okuthiwa Saud Rashid. Lokho-ke uzelwe King Abdullah Saudi Arabia, owashona ngo-January 2015 futhi washiya isigxivizo ngomlando kwamakhosi.

Lapho ngo-1982, u-Abdullah kwakuthiwa isikhulu umqhele ngelungelo ubudala, wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi bakhe half-brother Fahd eside wazindla: Zonke Al-Saud, ukumelela ubukhosi, bazalelwa eyodwa, umkakhe ayemthanda Ibn Saud - Husoy uhlobo Sudairy. Nokho, u-Abdullah, ebhekisela unina wenye umndeni - Shamar - ukubusa, futhi waba de empeleni waba umbusi, esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba wokugcotshwa esemthethweni (2005) naye waba undunankulu ngo-1995, lapho Fahd umhlalaphansi baba zikhutshaziwe ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi.

Ukube bengingumzali sultan ...

Ukuphila state Islamic kuwo wonke amazinga kubonakala engavamile abaMhlophe. Kunzima ukucabanga abaholi baseYurophu, abayokhethwa washada izikhathi 30, njengoba Korol Abdulla.

Saudi Arabia - ezweni ophila Sharia nomthetho, futhi endlini indoda abakwazi ukuphila abafazi lemine, yilokho ukuphila komkhaya kwakuhlelwa inkosi Saudi. Abdullah - uyise wezingane eziningi, wazalwa cishe ezine nje kweshumi izingane, kuhlanganise amadodana 15.

Abdullah wachitha esengumntwana phakathi ongumArabhu, okuyinto yaba nethonya intshiseko le nkosi sika - wayengumuntu, kuze kube muva nje, wachitha isikhathi esiningi eMorocco, lapho umshado e Falconry, oqine yayo racehorses wayaziwa emhlabeni wonke.

ngomnotho yangempela

Noma ubani namuhla ubona inhlokodolobha SA - Riyadh - noma okungenani okubonisa ngaphakathi endizeni, uyiNkosi ka-Saudi Arabia ukucinga indikimba yendaba, bekuyoba nzima ukucabanga ukuthi ngesikhathi kumiswa ngo-1932, i-Saudi Arabia kwakungekaNkulunkulu amazwe omhlaba ampofu kakhulu. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-30-yalolucwaningo izinqolobane omkhulu uwoyela negesi kuye kwavulwa eNhlonhlweni ye-Arabhiya. Ukuthuthukisa kanye nokuthuthukisa imali banikwa zikawoyela US, owokuqala wathatha kude iningi inzuzo. Kancane kancane, ukulawula umkhiqizo kawoyela wayiswa isimo, okungukuthi, umkhaya wasebukhosini, futhi petrodollars babé ngenxa yengcebo umbuso Saudi.

Saudis ingafeza lukhulu kule Inhlangano of Petroleum Ikhiphela Amazwe, olawula abangaba izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu reserves kawoyela yomhlaba wonke. Ithonya le nkosi Saudi kwi ukwakheka izintengo hydrocarbon inquma ukubaluleka kwawo kwezombusazwe emhlabeni. It kushintsha phakathi nalo lonke ikhulu lama-20, kodwa ikhuphukile njalo.

King - wezinguquko

Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka kweso lapho inqubomgomo angaphandle futhi indlela yasekhaya yezwe lapho amandla yokubusa kwamakhosi ngokuphelele, lapho ukugxekwa izinqumo uhulumeni angakwazi ukukhokhela ikhanda, lapho kungekho khona ngegunya lomthetho: imithetho - lokhu izimiso wasebukhosini. ukwazi Ikakhulukazi ngokukhazimula yenkosi-wezinguquko, okuyinto waklonyeliswa Korol Abdulla. Saudi Arabia uma uhlangabezane impumuzo - njengasezinsukwini okukhulu nenhlonipho empumalanga, kanye bendabuko Islam ukuphathwa kabi abesifazane.

Omunye izinqumo lokuqala King 6th yenkosi Saudi ukhansele emcimbini yezandla ukuqabulana, esikhundleni salo kube nokuthile ukuxhawulana yelinyenti. Isinqumo ebaluleke kakhulu nokuvimbela Abdullah baba amalungu asebukhosini ukusebenzisa izidingo siqu isimo yengcebo izimali.

Inguquko yangempela yayingewona ukusungulwa University of Science and Technology King Abdullah ngasemzini Jeddah, lapho kuvunyelwe khona ukuqeqeshwa ahlangene amantombazane nabafana. Ayikho ngaphansi umuzwa kwaba ukuqashwa kukaNksz abesifazane esikhundleni: Nora bint (ngebhandeshi - besilisa Isifaniso bin - "indodana") Abdalla Ben Musaed Al-Faiz baba iPhini uNgqongqoshe for girls. Ukwamukelwa abesifazane uhlobo oluthile okhethweni lomasipala wenze isithombe yenkosi Saudi ngisho ezikhangayo esengeziwe abasekeli kabusha yeningi. Ukwaba izimali ukufunda izimali phesheya abalulekile akavunyelwe ukwenza CA ngaphezulu elivulekele izwe.

Indodakazi yeNkosi u-Abdullah - Princess Adilla - baba ubuso uhlelo olandelanayo kahulumeni. Unkosikazi esasinawo nongqongqoshe wezemfundo, enhle, owesifazane unethemba, ibonakala abaningi njengoba iwuphawu sokuvuselela, nakuba akusona umbuzo isibukeza lenkhulu indima yabesifazane kwa-Islam.

isiko inviolable

Noma kunjalo, into esemqoka ukuze umkhaya isinqumo embusweni - ubungcwele nokuhlala njalo amasiko esekelwe ukugcinwa Sharia.

Kuhlawuliswa abesifazane ngoba 'ukuziphatha ngendlela engafanele' noma izingubo lightheadedness, wayinquma izandla icala lokweba, sijeziso esinzima yokubhula kokubili "ubuthakathi", njll - .. Kuyinto umkhuba ovamile e-ukuphila emphakathini Saudi.

Lezi amasiko zihlanganisa futhi ukubukisa ezungeze Saudi sobukhosi. jet Private inkosi yakwa-Saudi Arabia kusukela iphuzu lobuchwepheshe umbono - indiza okunokwethenjelwa Ekupheleni kwekhulu XX-th, kodwa umhlobiso ingaphakathi libukeka esigodlweni lwasemaphusheni we Sultan inganekwane "weziNkulungwane Omunye Nights."

Futhi lokhu kusebenza Villas eziningi, yezikebhe nezimoto omndeni wasebukhosini.

Omunye mithi abacebe

Ukuze abale ngokunembile eshisiwe le nkosi siqu cishe akunakwenzeka, ikakhulukazi ezweni livalelwe sabezinye izizwe, njengoba i-Saudi Arabia. Ngokuthi izinombolo kusuka 30 kuya 65 bhiliyoni $. Kunoma ikuphi, akusiyo engumuntu ompofu, ngisho noma sicabanga inani amalungu asebukhosini. Kukhona othile ukuchitha petrodollars - amakhosikazi inkosi yakwa-Saudi Arabia kuyinto isigodlo umxhwele, yize ngobunyoninco liyakwenqabela ngokusemthethweni ube lemine. Kufanele ngenkuthalo ukusebenzisa Institute isehlukaniso, okuyinto empumalanga elingenalo iwukugcina ezingadingekile.

Izindaba umndeni

Izwe lanamuhla kuyinchubo lechubekako kolwazi lokushintshisana, okubenze bafinyelela emazingeni ahlukahlukene. Ekupheleni 2013 ngesikhathi enengxoxo amaphephandaba British, okwakwenza indodakazi yenkosi Saudi Arabia Princess Sahara Abdullah. Kusolakala ukuthi nodadewabo abathathu iminyaka engu-13 eboshiwe, okuyinto ibekwa phezu kwabo uyise.

Emaphephandabeni izindaba inthanethi akhipha izindaba ngezimo namasiko harems wasebukhosini. Kwakumelwe bazibandakanye nonina Sahara sika - nowayengunkosikazi iNkosi ka Saudi Arabia. Izithombe Al-ANMC Daham al-Bakhit Al-Fayez, okwathi eneminyaka engu-15 ubudala waba mfazi Abdullah, futhi bancishwa ezingaphansi abaxotshwayo ngemva kwesehlukaniso, engeza idrama eminyakeni eyishumi.

Nehlazo abadonsile ukunakwa lenkinga ukucwaswa kwabesifazane emhlabeni Muslim. Izihloko mayelana ukungalingani esabekayo phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane emphakathini Saudi waphuphuma ukuphrinta kanye netinsita letisebentisa gezi. izithombe ethandwa Ikakhulukazi, lapho izindiza wadutshulwa inkosi yakwa-Saudi Arabia - uphawu isitayela ephakathi kahulumeni, esekelwe okunethezeka engalawuliwe.

Kodwa kwakungenjalo elula, izwe namanje ukwahlukahlukana. Ngaqombola elinye igagasi. Izishoshovu izinhlangano Islamic, phakathi lapho kwakukhona abesifazane abaningi nge akukho passion kancane osolwa izintatheli nabezombusazwe emzamweni abeke nokuziphatha kwabo umphakathi, okuyinto abantu balapho azange bamamukele nokwaneliswa. I wokumelana nolaka zokutshala ukubukwa Western ku yokuphila kwakubonakala njengemiBhalo eyiqiniso kuthethelelwe.

Inkosi ufile, mana inkosi

Namuhla, phezu kwesihlalo sobukhosi e Riyadh Salman Saudi Arabia - inkosi wesikhombisa ka Saudi Arabia. Ama ifotho, okuyinto wathwebula umbusi omusha, musa ihluke kakhulu emehlweni abaMhlophe kulezo asusiwe phakathi ukuphila kweNkosi u-Abdullah. Umlando uhulumeni Saudi uyaqhubeka.