Rupee Indian. Indian rupee ngokumelene ruble, dollar, euro

I-Sanskrit elithi "rupee" kusho "esiliva kubalwa." Yileso igama zemali e-India, zazo ezazenziwe lokhu ensimbini eyigugu. Imali yokuqala "amhlophe" yavela ngekhulu xv. Indian Rupee ngokushesha okukhulu kwaduma hhayi kuphela ezweni lakhe kodwa futhi e-United engumakhelwane. Namuhla abakhuthalele usebenzisa eNepal, Pakistan, Indonesia naseSri Lanka, onguMuslim futhi Seychelles.

Ukubukeka of zemali zokuqala

Abathandwayo futhi original ukuthuthukiswa Indaba rupee Indian. Izinhlamvu zemali e ezikude Ephakathi yaqala Mint ngaphansi kobuholi umbusi Sher Shah, ababeqonda ukuthi incike kubo umnotho wezwe. Eyokuqala sazo sasingamashumi 40 izingcezu zethusi - paisa. Isisindo sawo lisetudlwana kuka 11.5 amagremu. Ekuqaleni, rupee uyisiyingi. Kodwa Shah Akbar, okungukuthi, yena waqala waba ukugqugquzela lwemali India, zemali wathenga ukuma unxande: zalotshelwa izibusiso kanye nezifiso. rupee ngokuvamile uthole ncamashi igama behlonipha izicukuthwane ocebile.

I rupee Indian waqale eliphezulu kakhulu, futhi zemali zihlukaniswa eliphezulu. Kodwa kwaphawuleka ngaphambi kumiswa indawo yakwa-India uhulumeni waseBrithani. Ngemva kwalesi senzakalo, - ukulahlekelwa amandla ukuzimela - rupee futhi walahlekelwa ukubukeka zalo zokuqala futhi ehlukile. Ezinhlangothini zalo ngokwethukela yaqala ukubonakala ubuso amakhosi ngesiNgisi. Okokuqala ukuboniswa Wilhelm IV nkosi.

Ukuthuthukiswa iyunithi yemali

rupee Indian phathelana ezigxile 1835 ngokugcwele. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-30, kwakushiwo ngokusemthethweni kwegazi okuthiwa rupee uhulumeni yasungulwa futhi zihlukanise entsha: ngendibilishi eyodwa ilingana 64 paisa. Kodwa akazange kuthinte enqabeni yendawo: ngo-1883, kwafika isikhathi ngokushesha lwemali ukwehla. Kwakuthiwa isizathu ukuthi kwaba indinganiso esiliva. Thanda, uma zemali kubalwa ne igolide, zihlale bakwazi ukuhlala ukuncintisana.

Ngo-1947, India ekhululwa kokubusa kweBrithani. Kule nkathi, isigaba esisha ukuthuthukiswa iqala rupees: izwe waqala ukukhipha imali yamaphepha. Iphepha amanothi ayephambi, kodwa abazange zisebenzisa udumo emangalisa kangaka. Engxenyeni ekhulwini XX yesibili, lwemali waqala ukuthatha look ezithakazelisayo, "ikhule ibe" izici eqinile zokuphepha. Lezo zinsuku, rupee iyasebenza yokuphila kwansuku zonke kwa-India. On endaweni URhulumende lovely Mint Museum, lapho zonke izimo iyunithi yemali, kusukela yaqala ukuba khona kuze kube namuhla.

lwemali yesimanje

Namuhla lwemali kuncike kakhulu lwemali US. rupee Indian liqhathaniswa ne-dollar kanye euro kanye ruble is kwehlisa ngokuvumelana amagugu digital futhi ozimele ukuthi sithonywa isimo sezimali kuleli zwe futhi umnotho womhlaba wonkana. It is designated isithonjana R. Yemaphepha we ihlelo eyodwa ingaba ezahlukene: akuyona ukulungiswa inkohliso, futhi ezihlukahlukene ihlelo efanayo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, wonke imali yephepha liyisici esidingekayo jikelele - isithombe Gandhi. Yemaphepha ingakhishwa ngemva abantu abathile noma izenzakalo ezibalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva R 500 - isithombe Salt March, isiqeshana mzabalazo wabantu base-ngokumelene izintela wamakoloni. Kunalokho, kwekulu iyunithi yemali - eziyinkulungwane rupees - lunikezelwe emnothweni Indian.

Indian Rupee lwemali njalo ukushintshwa. zemali Modern waphinde wasimama ngokusesilinganisweni round umumo, ngakho kuphela, kulezizinsuku aluminium. Zonke sihleli ne ifulege lesizwe kwamandla - dolobha ye amakholomu, ehlotshiswe izingonyama ezintathu, umbusi Ashoka. Wayehola isimo ngaphezulu BC III ekhulwini.

degree yokuvikela

rupee Indian babe lonke uhlelo izakhi zivikeleke ukukhwabanisa okukhulu. Omunye lamadigri Ukuvikelwa - the watermark ezenziwe ngesimo isithombe Gandhi. Kuyinto ebonakalayo uma eyiphepha ngokumelene ukukhanya ukubona. Cuts nazo okuthiwa diving ngentambo metallized, olubonakaliswa ekukhanyeni okugqamile njengoba strip okuqhubekayo amnyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyunithi malini ukudlala lo isici trace kuyinto RBI, bese uyabona ukuthi ubani kungaba ukwanda amaningi, nesithombe esicashile, lubonakale kuphela nge-engela ezithile.

Phakathi kwezinye lamadigri Ukuvikelwa - izimpawu ezikhethekile ethintekayo, ukuphrinta impumuzo, inombolo yokuqala ye-serial izithombe ezifanayo. Yemaphepha zipendwe ngopende ekhethekile, equkethe lesikhumba optically variable, eshintsha palette, kuncike engela kwehlwaya kanye ukukhanyisa amandla. Kukhona UV-izakhi: zemicu ezinemibala luminescent izinto okuyinto ukuguqula umthunzi ngaphansi isenzo imisebe ultraviolet.

lokushintshisana

Uma iholidi lakho unquma ukuchitha e-India, ngaphambi Uqinisekile kuyoba umbuzo mayelana kuphi futhi indlela engcono ukushintshashintsha imali Russian abakuwo. kuthengiselana lwezezimali kungaba kwenziwe ngqo esikhumulweni sezindiza lapho usufika kuleyo ndawo. Kodwa abahambi ebona musa batusa ukwenza lokhu: i-rupee Indian ngokumelene ruble zigaba intengo izinga kancane. Lokho, ungalahlekelwa kancane phezu exchange. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi bakopele: India - ezweni elithile laseMpumalanga onqenqemeni Asia, lapho ngentshiseko ayenalo abakhwabanisi. Ngokuphathelene ukwenana ngemali, okuyinto utimisela ingqondo ibonakala ehloniphekile umphathi wehhotela lase noma abashayeli bamatekisi, isenzo esinjalo futhi igcwele ekulahlekelweni fa elitholakale kanzima kanjalo. Balekelani kuyabazuma njengemihelo isifo.

Indian rupee inzuzo kakhulu isihambi ebhange. Kukhona amahhovisi exchange, kodwa kufanele aphathwe kuphela njengesixazululo sokugcina. Lapho efeza imisebenzi yezimali, unakekele ukuthi ungayeki izikweletu sikhulu kakhulu. Nge kusikeka inikeza nobunzima xaxa inkokhelo yezimpahla nezinkonzo: kukhona nabathengisi ungalokothi ube ushintsho.

kokudla nezinto

rupees Indian ayatholakala hhayi kuphela e ukwenana ngemali "bukhoma", kodwa ngokususa ikhadi lepulasitiki. Kunalokho, amasheke abavakashi ' sebenzisa hhayi Kunconywa: le ndlela lungavikelekile, ngaphezu kwalokho, sekuyisikhathi eside abaselona usizo walo. Uma kukhetha wayeka ekhadini, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuya phambi uhambo nebhange lakho futhi ukucacisa zonke umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ebalulekile: noma wakhonza idivayisi epulasitiki eNdiya, okudlula kuso ibuphi ubunzima esingase sibhekane nabo ukuze sithole imali. Buza umphathi wakho futhi mayelana nokunqatshelwa kungenzeka futhi amabhonasi.

sokudonsa angavamile ezweni Oriental kangcono amakhadi amasistimu international: Mastercard kanye ne-Visa. Zisebenzise, awukwazi kuphela ATM ngaphandle kwezikhungo zezimali, kodwa futhi nasezitolo eziyinxanxathela ezinkulu, zezindiza, amahhotela. Ukulahlekelwa ikhadi, ungalilahli ithemba: Ngokushesha shayela ibhange lakho lapho ivinjiwe ngokushesha. Ikhadi kangcono igcinwe ehhotela ngendlela ephephile ekhethekile. Ezimweni Theft kwenzeke njalo e-India, icala ungaya ngisho abasebenzi ehhotela. Ikakhulukazi uma ubona ukuthi isigaba umnikazi IGOLIDE ikhadi.

ATM

Ukususa imali ngosizo lezi amadivaysi, ukhokha ikhomishana. Ubukhulu bayo kuyinto umnikelo efanayo, okuyinto izinkontileka e ebhange lakwelinye izwe ekwamukelweni izimali. Ngokuvamile kuba 1% inani eliphelele. Ikhomishana akumele kube ngaphansi kuka $ 3. It kuvela ukuthi imali eningi ushutha, inzuzo ngaphezulu kuzobiza nawe. Ngeke sibe khona isidingo njalo bagijimela ATM, isikhathi ngasinye ukulahlekelwa ngempela imali esezingeni elifanele.

ENdiya, kukhona ezinye ukulinganiselwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ezingaphezu kuka-20 eziyinkulungwane rupees awukwazi ukuthatha. Ngo amabhange, kukhona imikhawulo okuqinile lemali ekhishwe nsuku zonke. Qiniseka ukuthi ugcine yonke amasheke eyenziwa ngemva imisebenzi. Bayoba usizo esikhathini reverse exchange rupees ngoba izimali zakwamanye amazwe lapho uthenga ithikithi izivakashi ehhovisi ibhokisi, kanye naphakathi nezinye manipulations ezibalulekile. By endleleni, kukhona ATM kuleli zwe, okuyinto "ukudweba" kuphawula emuva uma ungazange wacosha ngemizuzwana 30 ngemuva kokuphela ukuhlinzwa.

exchange Ukukala

abahambi abaningi bathi enenzuzo kakhulu e-India ashintshanise amaRandi. I-US lwemali lapha kakhulu baziswa bendawo: it ngokuzithandela ukwamukela hhayi kuphela sina izikhungo zezimali, kodwa futhi abahwebi amancane emakethe. rupee Indian liqhathaniswa ne-dollar namuhla endaweni isilinganiso ezinjalo 1: 0.01. Okungukuthi, ukuze dollar ungathenga 68 rupees. Ukuze uzulazule, kuwufanele kakhulu mayelana ilitha uphethiloli kuleli zwe. Ukuze dollar ayishumi ehoxa ikamelo elilingene salenza ehhotela: nsuku zonke yokuhlala-Star hotel kubiza rupees 600.

Rupee Indian ngokumelene euro kuyinto ngentengo ezingeni lelifana nele. Single eyiphepha ihlelo ilingana 0.01 le-European iyunithi yemali. Omunye Euro kungenziwa umklomelo 74 rupees: the ngomzuzu-nesikhombisa ucingo ekhaya ovela ku-opharetha mobile amakhadi zwe. Njengoba imali yasekhaya, uhla lapho ihlala khona rupee Indian ngokumelene ruble, njengoba kulandela: 1: 1.2. Ngoba kufike umuntu mumbe ruble Ungathenga rupees 0.83 kuphela. Lapho imali ungakhohlwa ukuzibala bese uhlole ukubonakala imali yamaphepha umonakalo ngangokunokwenzeka.