Reserve propensity ukulondoloza: definition ifomula. Cash imali sabantu

Umuntu ngamunye iqoqa okuthile. Njengomthetho, namuhla imali. Ngo abantu libizwa ngokuthi "ukugcinelwa ngosuku oluna imvula." Singagxilisa imali ekhaya ngaphansi kumatilasi, futhi kungaba wazigqokisa idiphozi ebhange. Kunoma yikuphi, uma iholo ivumela, ezinye-ke akafuni ukuchitha. Okwazekayo, lokhu kubizwa nge "propensity abekelwe emaceleni ukuze ngisindise." Ngokokuqala ngqá ke isledoval emisebenzini yakhe JM. Keynes. Sizozama ukuthola indlela kuze kube ngokuya obumbi kuyosisiza ukuthola.

kwencika kwenqondo

Ake digress kancane kusukela ithiyori ezasenza umuntu uthambekele ukulondoloza. Ukuze ikwazi ukuqoqa okuthile, kufanele kube nemibandela emibili elandelayo: owokuqala - zonke izidingo eziyisisekelo yanelisekile, kwesibili - ukubaluleka imali ikuvumela ukuba bahlehlise ethile.

Imiqondo ezifana ukusetshenziswa nokugcinwa, kuba eduze. Abanaso ukumela into efanayo, kodwa isledovanie propensity kuya ekuqongeleleni Kufanele kwaziwe kodwa ukuthi abeve eduze sincike komunye nomunye.

Emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ekuqaleni ithiyori kwezomnotho, kwaba khona isidingo sezisebenzi ukuba bahlole ubudlelwano phakathi ukusetshenziswa nokonga. Umuntu wokuqala ngubani wasiphakamisa imbangela, kwaba Yiqiniso, Keynes. bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe ubizwa ngokuthi "emthethweni oyisisekelo ngokwengqondo". Futhi lokho akushoyo.

Okokuqala, imali sabantu sincike engenayo. Inani ezithile, ukusho 5% wemali engenayo, umuntu uyakwazi ukuhlehlisa lekusasa. Uma engenayo inyuka, maphesenti kuzohluka insignificantly. Kunengqondo indida. Kodwa lapha kungena amandla phezu kwengqondo yomuntu. Lapho sithola, sizibona nakakhulu izici ukuchitha. Futhi imali Anibashiyanga nanoma iyiphi imali ngaphezulu. Futhi uma ukukhula ukusetshenziswa inyuka ingxenye yeholo, ukukhula ukonga uzakuhamba kakhulu, kancane kakhulu.

ubufakazi

Ebhala ngokugomela ukusetshenziswa luyakhula njengoba liphuma imali, kukhona ubufakazi silula. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela izinkondlo, umndeni amasentshana ruble 6,000. 2% semali bona lifake, kanye nabo bonke abanye imali iya ku izindleko ezihlukahlukene. Yini ungakwazi ukukhokhela nge imali? Khokha Umbuso izikweletu, ukuthenga isethi ubuncane imikhiqizo, mhlawumbe, konke.

Imiholo yabantu umndeni uqale avuke. Kakade nomnikelo Imininingwane kuyinto ruble 10 000. Manje ungakwazi ukuthenga inyama xaxa, yiya ku-movie kanye kanye ukuthenga ingubo entsha. Kodwa lemali is imali kwi imali zaziyoqhubeka okufanayo. Ngoba okokuqala umuntu ngeke ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo, futhi kuphela ke cabanga ukubaluleka ukonga.

Izimo letitsintsa ushintsho ukusetshenziswa nokonga

Ngezelela noma nciphisa e ukusetshenziswa nokonga akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni amaholo ukukhula. In imvelo kwezomnotho, kukhona nezinye izici eziningi ngandlela-thile zizoshintsha ikhono somthengi. Kulezi zici, futhi kuncike propensity eziseceleni londoloza.

1. Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali. Rising izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali ngokuvamile kunalelo indexation amaholo. Njengomthetho, amanani enyuka njalo ngenyanga, kuyilapho imiholo yabantu umndeni enyuka okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Ngakho-ke, umthengi kumele asebenzise isizumbulu ku ukuthengwa, kuyilapho ukonga izindleko Akasekho uhlala.
2. Tax iyakhula. ezibanjwayo ukwanda kuholela ekuncipheni ezilinganiselwe zonke izindleko, futhi bathambekele kakhulu buthelela ku kahle.
3. Ukwanda amanani. Lokhu isici kuyoyithinta kakhulu labo kwabendlu imali ephansi. Labo abamukela amaholo aphezulu, azosethwa eceleni kakhulu.
4. Kukhula izinkokhelo umshuwalense social. Lena isici kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, propensity ukulondoloza kwenzeka uma umuntu enomuzwa ingxenye okungavikelekile isimo. Imali edingekayo uma ukugula, ukufa okuzumayo, nokunye. N. Uma konke lokhu sizonikeza Isikhwama umshwalense, isidingo ukonga ngabanye zinyamalale. Ngakho-ke, nge okwandisa ukwanda Kwabelwa izidingo zenhlalo propensity ukulondoloza liyancipha.
5. iziphakamiso Ukukhula emakethe. Lokhu kwenzelwe nje isici nokumaketha. Ngokuvamile, akukho isasasa imithi ngezikhathi nesenzakalo okungazelelwe eziwumshayabhuqe, ubhadane lwezifo nokunye. N. With yokwanda ukusetshenziswa ukonga ziyancipha.
6. ukukhula kwemali engenayo. Njengoba sesibonile kakade, ne okwandisa amanani kwezinsiza ukusetshenziswa nokulonda ivame ukwandisa.

ithiyori

In imvelo kwezomnotho ekubonile ukonga eyenziwe ngaphansi ethile imali ayilibalanga kusukela iholo zekusasa futhi ngeke kudliwe okwamanje. Propensity ukulondoloza kungaba isilinganiso kanye nakulowo onganakiwe.

Propensity isilinganiso ukulondoloza imibukiso iliphi iphesenti inani labantu uzimisele ukuhlehlisa sesikhathi esizayo, futhi ibonakala njengendlela ifomula:

APS = S / Y, lapho S - engxenyeni kusindisa, futhi Y - Sums of lemali engenayo.

Reserve propensity ukulondoloza (ifomula) ibonisa izinguquko kule ukonga izingxenye kanye nenani engenayo. Ngamanye amazwi, kungaba ikutshele ukuthi ukushintsha isifiso abantu noma cha ukugcina imali yabo wathola, uma isamba izinguquko engenayo:

MPS = δS / δY.

Nokwanda ukonga encishisiwe izindleko. Inani kwezomnotho zalesi Inkomba ezingeni ezweni yisifiso wonge imali, ngakho-ke nethuba ukutshala ekukhiqizeni yangempela. Futhi lokhu kuyinto utshalomali ukuthi yena, kuthinte nezenhlalakahle jikelele yezwe.

Hlela propensity ukulondoloza

Inani propensity eziseceleni londoloza, njengoba sesibonile, sixhomeke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa. Igrafu ebonisa ukwencika Inkomba empeleni kusuka kwenye. Cabanga ukudweba.

I ahlelembise ubhekwa lemali engenayo, futhi ku-eksisi evundla - usayizi ukonga. Uma, ngemcondvo, zonke wachitha inani elilingana imali, ubudlelwane kungaba umugqa enhle i-engela 45 °. Lo mugqa emgqeni AB. Kodwa lokhu akwenzeki empilweni yangempela.

Direct ukukwazi propensity ukulondoloza, okhonjiswe figure yi blue line, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi baphambukile phansi. Beka empambana mayelana - nanti iphuzu ka-zero ukonga. Kusho ukuthi wonke amakhaya uthola iholo imali izidingo zabo. Ngezansi kuphakama lesi sikweletu yemigwaqo, nangaphezulu - ukonga. Njengoba ubona, ayanda engenayo, aba maningi propensity eziseceleni londoloza.

Ukuthembela ukonga ubudala

Ngokuhamba ezimpilweni zethu senza imali ngokulinganayo. Kokunye sikhathi sokuphila kwabo akwanele, kwesinye kukhona izinsalela. Lokhu kuthambekela kungabuye emelelwa imidwebo.

Ake eksisi eqonde ngqo phezulu kuyinto engenayo, futhi ovundlile - yobudala. I ijika ebonisa ukuthi imali siqu ukwandisa nobudala, kuyilapho kukhona cishe akekho ebusheni bakhe. Futhi lokhu kuyiqiniso.

Kuze umuntu efunda futhi at the stage of search yomsebenzi wakhe, izimali zawo zincane. Iningi it is zamarandi ekuqeqesheni noma izidingo zomuntu siqu. Njengoba zikhula futhi uqale umkhaya, waphinde uqala ukwandisa imali, kodwa njengoba umthetho, wayeseyitholile kushintshwe iholo ozinzile futhi kuba nesidingo uyephuza okungenani hhayi semali kokuthenga izinto ezinkulu (imoto, ikhaya, imfundo yezingane). umholo wakhe eliphakeme umuntu uthola umuntu omdala, wabe Useqala ukucabanga umhlalaphansi ekuhlehlisweni ezinye imali yabo. Kwakuthinta ngalesi sikhathi, propensity eziseceleni ugcine iphezulu kakhulu, bese aphinde buyaphela.

Yini enye inomthelela ezingeni imali

Kunezici ezithile ezingenziwanga ezihlobene imali, okuyinto athwale negalelo elikhulu omuntu ukuba bonge imali esikhathini esizayo.

Isici sokuqala - ukulinda. Uma kukhona isimo esibucayi, futhi umuntu elinde ezweni ngokushesha ukuthi uzovuka futhi amanani kuzokhulisa izimali amasevisi, sizokwazi isitoko manje, ngamanani aphansi. Ukwesaba emashalofini lingenamuntu futhi omkhulu izindleko amandla abantu ukuchitha yonke imali lapha futhi manje. Kodwa isimo reverse, lapho ikusasa kulindeleke ukuba wehlise amanani, noma okungenani ezingeni yabo azizange zishintshe, abantu ngeke umsindise ezingaphezu kuka uchitha.

Isici sesibili - kwezikweletu zabathengi. Siphila emhlabeni wesikweletu. Futhi manje kukhona ukuthambekela okunjalo ukuthi yonke imali sabantu umane uvule ku inkokhelo umkhiqizo noma isevisi ezinkathini zesikhathi esizayo. Izinga inkokhelo isilinganiso akwanele ukwenza lutho ukuhlehlisa ukuthenga enkulu. Kungaba iminyaka engu-10 ukuba ugcine up for imoto, kodwa ungakwazi ukuthatha ke ngesikweletu, bese engu-10 yokuyikhokhela. Ngakho, isifiso sethu kanye nekhono buthelela into ibe yisikhali esinamandla emnothweni - udumo.

Propensity ukulondoloza e Macroeconomics

Umqondo ukonga kubaluleke kakhulu hhayi kuphela emakhaya ngabanye, kodwa nezalo nasezweni lonke. propensity Asemphethweni ukulondoloza imibukiso ukuthi abantu ngaphakathi uhulumeni angakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kanye ukukhiqizwa ukukhula. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi ungavele ukuthola?

Eqinisweni, ayanda ukubaluleka, imali ngaphezulu khulula kukhona ezandleni ngabanye nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho, okusho ukuthi kukhona ezingaba zimali. Investments - utshalomali imali emkhakheni zokukhiqiza, kanye ngesikhathi esifanayo kusikhali lesinemandla ukuthonya ukuthuthukiswa yezwe. I imali eningi okutshalwa kuwo izimali emisha, innovation, nokunye. E., I abafumana komnotho.

isiphetho

Propensity ukulondoloza - lokhu ingenye izinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho, okungase wafunda hhayi kuphela ngesikhathi ngabanye ezingeni yasendlini, kodwa nezalo nasezweni lonke. Ayanda score, ngcono izimpilo zabantu.