Nur - Nur-Sarysu emfuleni umcengezi

uhlelo Water e Kazakhstan - inethiwekhi enkulu emifuleni eqhubeka yonkana ensimini zwe elikhulukazi. Phakathi abaningi amachibi isimo lingakanani uqokomisa Nur-Sarysu. Yena avela ezintabeni Kyzyltas. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke uhlelo amanzi asemifuleni Nur. Kuyinto ngaye futhi uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Imininingwane eMfuleni Nura

Nura - umfula, osuka emthonjeni emlonyeni Nur-Sarysu umcengezi obubusa insimu ababengaphathekile ngabantu 1 million. It ogeleza usuka emithambekeni esentshonalanga Kyzyltas ukuze Tengiz echibini. Umfula imayelana 1,000 km (978 km). Mfula has nemingenela ezintathu eziyinhloko: Ulkenkundyzdy, Sherubai-Nur, futhi Akbastau.

Le ndawo lapho umfula Nura, libhekisela omunye Ezindaweni ezinesomiso iningi Kazakhstan, njengoba kubekwe phakathi Kazakh upland - asemaqeleni endaweni amagquma encane. ukugcwalisa nkathi entwasahlobo. Summer emfuleni ngokuvamile eyomile eduze umthombo, futhi ebusika - yiqhwa. Futhi esikhathini ezishisa konyaka amanzi ezansi le Nura iba brackish. Lapho kuqala kubanda ngoNovemba, umfula embozwe iqhwa, oqala kuphela sokudiliza ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.

ukungcoliswa umfula

Nura - umfula lingcolisiwe Udoti chemical kusukela embonini. Ngakho, engxenyeni kwekhulu elidlule yesibili, inkampani "Carbide" elahliwe ku ichibi mayelana 1,000 amathani mercury. Kule ndaba, izinhlanzi ubanjwe Kwezinye izingxenye emfuleni, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba adle. Nokho, lesi simo njengoba ezibucayi njengoba kungase kubonakale efika kuqala. Mercury lisasesimweni adsorbed, futhi ngenxa yalokho akusho usongo olukhulu ekuphileni futhi impilo bendawo. Nura - umfula has a lot of "abangane e amabhadi." Ngokwesibonelo, degree ezinkulukazi ukungcoliswa usebhekene kolwandle eduze nomuzi Japanese of Minamata. esiningi mercury kukhishelwa endlini amanzi omunye izitshalo eseduze, yabangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yezakhamuzi zendawo.

Ukuhlanza Nura kusukela ngo-2001 uye abe isiqondiso esibaluleke kakhulu Kazakhstan uhulumeni. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi wenziwa emikhulu eyinkimbinkimbi amanyathelo okususa ukungcola mercury lomfula. Le phrojekthi usekelwa iziphathimandla Kazakhstan ngokuhlanganyela World Bank.

emfuleni ochithekile

Entwasahlobo kukhona isikhukhula emfuleni. Nur ligcwala, njengoba izinga lamanzi linyuka kakhulu. Lo mfula enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu e Kazakhstan, ngakho-ke ochithekile ngokuvamile kubangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuze nemizana eseduze. Ekuqaleni 2015 usetha irekhodi ngokuvusa ezingeni amanzi in the velocity emfuleni. Lenyuka 10 cm ihora ngalinye. Ukuze uvimbele nemiphumela emibi uzamcolo, ekhiqizwa amanzi osenyameni ngokusebenzisa sivala ku Nura emifula.

Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi kuno oluqinile kuyinto ukufudumala yezinkathi ezithile abukhali, kanye nenani elikhulu kwezulu. Ngaphansi kwethonya amanzi ashisayo imvula evela emaceleni ale ntaba uqale agelezele emfuleni.

Iziphathimandla zendawo ngonyaka ukulungiselela ochithekile kungenzeka Nura ngoba ingozi izikhukhula amadolobha aseduze kanye nasezindaweni zasemakhaya. Zokuzamazama ezinjalo Kazakh Committee on Izinsiza Amanzi ithumela zokwakha, kanye nemishini ekhethekile kunesimo esiphuthumayo yezakhamuzi zendawo.

usongo yezikhukhula

Ngo-April 2015 zonke izikhukhula iphutha. Nura River wagcwala wachichima futhi wafohla yashayisa unqenqema, eyakhelwe Ukuvikelwa uzamcolo ngoba ezindaweni ezakhelene. Njengoba kuphawuliwe iziphathimandla zendawo, umonakalo eziphathelene kocingo, hhayi kwedamu, ngakho iyiphi ingozi sina. ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi lesikhashana uyakuba necala kuphela izakhamuzi izindlu eseduze, etholakala ngqo endaweni Breakout.

Nge uzamcolo wakwazi ukubhekana esikhathini esifushane yesikhathi sibonga imishini ekhethekile futhi inani elikhulu abasebenzi.

Nura - emfuleni izici ezithile zemvelo. Kungenxa yokuthi kuwo nize entwasahlobo izikhukhula ehlobo, ekwindla kanye omiswe ebusika ngaphandle emthonjeni. amadolobha aseduze cishe njalo ngonyaka kuncike izikhukhula, kodwa umonakalo kuyinto ngokuvamile akunjalo. Izikhukhula abikwe kuphela phakathi leminyaka elidlule. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba kwakungekho intuthuko lobuchwepheshe nabo wehluleka ukubhekana pretty masinyane, singavumeli amanzi emfuleni abe amandla okubhubhisa.