Abaqambi kwenkathi zothando kwekhulu le-19

Ekupheleni XVIII - ekuqaleni XIX leminyaka kwakubikwa ukunyakaza okunjalo kwezobuciko, njengoba Romanticism. Kulomkhakha wekuvuselela, abantu bebelokhu ukuphupha sezwe ephelele futhi "zabaleka 'in a fantasy. Samuntu acacile kakhulu futhi eziqanjiwe of isitayela ezitholakala umculo. Phakathi abameleli Romanticism eyaziwa bomculo enjalo kwekhulu le-19, uKarl Weber, Robert Schumann, Franz Schubert, Ferents ohlwini futhi uRichard Wagner.

Ferents ohlwini

Ngokuzayo umqambi omkhulu wazalelwa emndenini cellists. Uyise bamfundisa umculo kusukela zisencane. Esemncane wayecula ekwayeni futhi ngafunda ukudlala isitho. Lapho Franz engu-12 ubudala, nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela e-Paris, lo mfana akwazi ukuze ayofundela umculo. I somculo ayizange yamukelwe Nokho, kakade nge engu-14, eloba imidwebo. Okunjalo bomculo owaziwa kwekhulu le-19, efana Berlioz, Paganini, yaba nethonya elikhulu kuye.

Paganini baba isithombe real Liszt futhi wanquma ucije amakhono akhe siqu ukudlala upiyano. Ikhonsathi Imisebenzi 1839-1847 kwakulandelwa ukunqoba ekhaliphile. Franz wadala ngaye encwadini edume "zeminyaka yokugogobala" udlala le minyaka. Virtuoso phezu upiyano futhi intandokazi izilaleli baba owumthombo kwenkathi.

Ferents ohlwini sakhiwa umculo, wabhala izincwadi eziningana, ozongitshela, olwenziwa izifundo evulekile. Ukuze-ke zathuthelekela abaqambi ngekhulu le-19 kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Singasho ukuthi cishe konke empilweni yakhe, wafunda umculo kusukela wasebenza iminyaka 60. Ngisho nanamuhla, wayebonisa ikhono lakhe zomculo kanye nekhono kukhona umuntu oyisibonelo ukuze bopiyano yesimanje.

Richard Wagner

A brilliant umqambi German ukudala umculo engakwazanga abashiye ubani nandaba. Yena kwakufanele kokubili abalandeli nabaphikisi oshisayo. Wagner, ingane umxhwele yaseshashalazini, futhi banquma ukwakha nhlekelele ngomculo eminyakeni engu-15. Eminyakeni 16, waletha imisebenzi yakhe e-Paris.

Kungakapheli neminyaka engu-3, uye wazama ukubeka opera, kodwa akekho owayefuna ukubhekana umculi engaziwa. abaqambi okunjalo ethandwa kwekhulu le-19 njengoba Ferents ohlwini futhi Berlioz, yena bahlangana eParis, musa umlethe inhlanhla. Uhlala usizi, akekho ofuna ukusondela ukusekela imibono yakhe zomculo.

Nangemva kokuba ezamile wahluleka France, umqambi wabuyela Dresden, lapho eqala umbhidisi ukusebenza ethiyetha enkantolo. Ngo-1848 yena bethuthele Switzerland, ngoba ngemva iqhaza nokuvukela kwathiwa isigebengu. Wagner wayezazi ukungapheleli esakhiweni somphakathi wonxiwankulu kanye nesikhundla ongaphansi umdwebi.

Ngo-1859, uyahlabelela ku opera "Tristan futhi Isolde" uthando. Encwadini yakhe ethi "Parsifal" nakancane emelelwa nokuzwana emhlabeni wonke. eziphonsa Ububi win Ubulungisa nokuhlakanipha. Zonke bomculo ezinkulu kwekhulu le-19 babethonywe umculo Wagner BakaJehova futhi ngafunda emsebenzini wakhe.

Ekhulwini XIX, bakha ukubhalwa kazwelonke nokwenza esikoleni eRussia. Umculo isiRashiya, zikhona nezikhathi ezimbili: Romanticism ekuseni futhi classic. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa enjalo bomculo Russian kwekhulu le-19 njengoba Varlamov, A. Alyabyev, A. Verstovsky, A.Guriljev.

Mikhail Glinka

Mikhail Glinka wasungula isikole bomculo ezweni lethu. umoya Russian kuyisici esihlupha bonke bakhe imisebenzi zomculo. Okunjalo opera odumile njengoba "Ruslan futhi ULyudmila", "Life for the Tsar" benamandla nokushisekela ubuzwe. Glinka generalized zimfanelo folk, usebenzisa amashuni ubudala futhi isigqi of folk. Umqambi wayebuye abe Innovator e umculo nemdlalo. Umsebenzi wakhe - kuyinto ukuvelela esikweni lesizwe.

abaqambi Russian wanika emhlabeni eziningi imisebenzi ekhaliphile, okuyinto osukwini lwethu ukuze anqobe ezinhliziyweni zabantu. Phakathi the brilliant bomculo Russian kwekhulu XIX, immortalized ngamagama ezifana M. Balakirev, Glazunov, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Tchaikovsky.

Classical umculo ngokucacile nangokuqonda ibonisa emhlabeni kwangaphakathi. Esikhundleni rationalism esiqinile kwafika romance kwekhulu XIX.