Novemba 7, umkhosi eU.SSR: igama, umlando

Novemba 7 - iholide e-USSR, okuyinto sahoxiswa ku Russia entsha. Ingabe ikhona izimfanelo salokhu nokuthi thina sicelwa ukuba sibuyele? ukugubha Izintandokazi elikhanyayo wazibonakalisa ngokungadingekile emphakathini wanamuhla.

Ukuthi kwenzekeni phakathi nosuku?

Umlando lomkhosi ngoNovemba 7 eSoviet Union - iyona inkumbulo inguquko enkulu kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Kuze 1917, eRussia lezwakala isimo autocratic monarchical, ngaleso sikhathi imithetho uNicholas II.

isimo Ahlubukayo kuleli zwe zanqwabelana iminyaka eminingi, futhi kuba Okthoba 25 Petersburg, waqala ukuvukela kwabantu abavamile ngokumelene ukungalingani kwezakhi nomphakathi. Lihlome amaBolshevik wayewathathile Sasebusika (esihlalweni uhulumeni wesikhashana), wathatha zonke amaphuzu abalulekile yokwaziswa (amaphephandaba, eposini, ujantshi iziteshi) namaphuzu ayinhloko wezempi (amasango omuzi, port).

Lo mbhikisho lahlelwa engu-47 ye-VI Ulyanov (Lenin), L. oneminyaka engu-38 ubudala D. Trotsky kanye oneminyaka engu-27 ubudala Ya. M. Sverdlov. Laba bantu kwaholela umbuso futhi wacabangela main ebusayo amaqembu kuleli zwe iminyaka eminingi. Badale isimo esisha sezenhlalo, umthethosisekelo kanye namasiko eRussia.

Yini idili kugujwa ngo-November 7, eSoviet Union kwaze kwaba ngo-1990

Ngokuphelele lalibizwa ngoSuku utho lwesikhala. Kungani "Okthoba usuku" kugujwa ngo-November? Kuze 1918, izwe abalwa ngesikhathi likaJulius. Kodwa ngo-February, Russia bashintshele ikhalenda likaGregory. Ukuvukela kwathatha izinsuku ezimbili, ngo-October 25-26, isitayela ubudala, futhi umkhosi USSR lugujwe ngendlela entsha - ku 7 no-8 Novemba. Kodwa igama uhlala njengoba inkumbulo esinye sezenzakalo kunabo bonke ekhulwini lamashumi amabili, ezashintsha umlando emhlabeni.

Yokudumisa ukudalwa amaqembu thematic ngokuthi nemizana nezifunda, ezitaladini, amabhizinisi, zokubukela amabhayisikobho. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1923, adalwe iqembu lezingane ababezibiza ngokuthi Octobrists. A candy ifektri "Red Okthoba" uyokukhumbula futhi uyokuthanda izizukulwane eziningi zabantu baseRussia.

umlando iholide

7 Novemba (iholidi eSoviet Union) kwadingeka usuku olulodwa kuphela ngo-1918. E-Moscow, emizini yesifunda neyezifundazwe eRussia ayehlaselwa imiboniso kanye yamathanga. Wayelethwa uthathwa njengohlaka okukhipha, a "red" usuku lwekhalenda. Ngo-1927, ngesinqumo somthetho we KaHulumeni leKomiti Central ukugujwa siqale ukugubha 7 no-8 Novemba. Ngo-1990, ngomyalo inombolo Gorbachev sika 8 iba ukusebenza futhi. Ngo-1996, lokhu umongameli umkhosi Yeltsin uqambe "Suku Lwezindaba kwemvume." Ngo-2004 yena ezaqedwa V. Putinym, futhi ngo-2005 waba usuku ukusebenza.

Amazwe angomakhelwane namanje ukugubha lolu suku ngaphansi kwegama elidala - ngoSuku Okthoba Revolution. Lezi zihlanganisa Belarus, Transnistria futhi Kyrgyzstan.

Parade ku Red Square

Kusukela ngo-1918 i-yamathanga kabili ngonyaka, ayeba khona kuwo izikhulu zebutho lempi nezinkweli lempi imishini: 1 Meyi futhi 7 Novemba. Holiday eSoviet Union emva Okthoba Revolution kwaba isenzakalo esibalulekile bonke abasebenzi. Umbukiso wathatha umholi wabantu futhi umlawuli omkhulu, kanye izinhloko izimboni ezinkulu.

Ngo-1941, i-yamathanga okwesikhashana kukhanselwe kuya ku-1945. Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, izwe kwakungenakwenzeka ukuhoxisa lempi kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze iziteshi impi. Umcimbi okhethekile ubhekwa ukudlula amabutho ngo-1945. Ngenxa yalesi celebration owawuse ukukhethwa ekhethekile abasebenzi: yobudala - ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-30 ubudala, ukuphakama - 176-178 cm, imiklomelo lempi. Ngemva kuka-1945, i-emibukisweni Red Square wawugujwa kanye njalo eminyakeni 5 kuphela. Ngo-1995, lo mbhalo amabutho kwakuwukuhamba ngezinyawo, ngaphandle nezempi.

Imashi yokudumisa Okthoba Revolution Day

Uma yamathanga yayiqhutshelwa eMoscow futhi emadolobheni amakhulu, imiboniso - lo mcimbi zonke ndawo eRussia kusukela enhlokodolobha kuhlalwe izikhungo ezinkulu. Bonke izingxenye sabantu Kwakuhileleke: abasebenzi, abafundi, abalimi kanye nabafundi. Novemba 7 iholide eSoviet Union ubephelezelwa entshisekweni nenjabulo kwazo zonke izakhamuzi zomphakathi ezweni.

Imashi - umcimbi womphakathi, wedlula amaqembu nabantu emigwaqweni esemqoka yedolobha ngimthole olulodwa zezombusazwe. Odwendweni kuhambisana umculo, iziqubulo, amafulegi, amabhanela ekumeni ikhanda oyibamba wezokushushiswa isimo. Ikholomu zabantu onengxenye, liyingxenye eyinhloko komuzi, esigcawini main kanye platform neqembu kanye nabaholi emphakathini.

Amavesi ngokuzithandela ukubeka phambili abasebenzi umhlabeleli kanye nabafundi, ephelezelwa ticondze evumelanisiwe imihlobiso ezokuthutha, ukucula, ukudansa, acrobatics namakamelo ezemidlalo. Kusukela endaweni yesikhulumi kwakuzwakala siyakuhalalisela-7 Novemba. Iholide e-USSR, izinkondlo mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo ebhala izimbongi enkulu isiRashiya, waphefumulela sonke isizwe. Abantu babekholelwa ukuthi bangcono ekhululekile futhi ejabule kusukela ngosuku Revolution Omkhulu.

Iminyaka ebaluleke kakhulu (Chronicle 1918)

izinsuku Ikakhulukazi ekhumbulekayo ezibhekwa: ngokunqoba wokuqala ka-1918, kanye yamathanga ka 1941 no-1945. 7 Novemba - iholide e-USSR, siyakuhalalisela kubantu bangaleso sikhathi babesebenza kuyo isinyathelo zezombusazwe ezibalulekile.

7-8-November 1918:

• "Ukulingisa" e Red Square;
• ushwele yokudumisa iminyaka engu-1st;
• Ukuvulwa kwe-lesikhumbuzo Jaures, Marx no Engels;
• rally futhi ekhonsathini;
• UNdunankulu isihloko play "Uyimfihlakalo-Bouffe";
• inkulumo kukaLenin abasebenzi Cheka.

Parade phakathi nempi (Chronicle 1941)

1941. izinyanga 5 kunempi ne Germany. Kodwa lapho kufika ku 7 Novemba. Yini iholide kungenzeka e-USSR, lapho front line amakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka enhlokodolobha? Kodwa Stalin enquma ukuthi kamuva mlando ngokuthi "operation brilliant ezempi." Uhlala umbukiso omkhulu kakhulu, nabo bonke nezempi zanamuhla ekhaleni wesitha. Half of the izingxenye emva umbukiso ku-Red Square kanye nabaholi yokuvalelisa siqu abantu baphuthuma phambili. Mikhondo naseFrance, izihloko zezindaba nezithombe amasosha Russian okwathi bamasha ne iziqhumane, ngingene empini. Lesi sinyathelo, "iholidi phakathi nempi," waphakamisa umoya ebuthweni laseSoviet. Futhi Hitler, ngokuvumelana Umlando imvelo ngokushesha, usokhaya wathukuthela wagana unwabu.

Amalungiselelo celebration ngo-October 24 ngaphansi Artemyev isiqondiso futhi Zhigareva ojenene. Ohlukile inkinga kwaba ngo ekusithekeni eqinile futhi eyinkimbinkimbi - ku ovinjezelwe isikhundla edolobheni. Novemba 6, uStalin is ukuhlangana yokudumisa iholide ezitimeleni (esiteshini "Mayakovskaya"). Congratulatory inkulumo uMphathi ukusakaza ukuze lonke izwe.

Ingozi enkulu ngesikhathi mbukiso wayemelele wasemoyeni German. Kukholakala ukuthi le fighter ibhizinisi German ukundiza ngaphandle komuzi komunye unhlangothi ubhubhise konke uhulumeni wase-USSR. Kule ndaba, ngoNovemba 5 ezindizeni Russian ngamabhomu airfields isitha. Futhi kuphela sezulu ukuthi ngenxa yefu ongaphakeme akunakudluliswa flying sezulu, it kubhula isimo. Ebusuku, ovuthayo izinkanyezi ezibiyele, wakhumula esingalindelekile ne Mausoleum, futhi ngakusasa ekuseni 8 enhloko waqala enye amashadi ezibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wethu.

1945. ukunqoba

Phakathi nonyaka wakhe wokuqala ukuthula. Ukhathele usizi aba nalo lapho impi, abantu bafuna injabulo. Ngemva grand ukunqoba umbukiso isenzakalo ngasinye kunikeza umuzwa omusha zomhlaba, iyathinteka futhi 7 Novemba. Hlobo luni iholide eU.SSR: izinkulumo congratulatory, a idunyiswe Veterans, indesheni! Futhi konke lokhu sisonqenqemeni iMpi Yomshoshaphansi nge Melika. Ngisho nombiko Molotov ngoSuku October Revolution - impendulo eSoviet Union kuya sicasulwa US.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi waqala izingalo uhlanga nokugcina idumela yezwe, ecebe kangaka geniuses lobuchwepheshe. Lokhu udweshu phakathi kwala mazwe womabili, liyokuma kuze kube ngo-1963. Iminyaka 18 Russia uyobuyisela nalawo madolobha awile, kabusha kwethulwa ukukhiqizwa. Futhi ngo-1990, izoqala ukukhohlwa ukuthi igama iholide ngoNovemba 7 e-USSR.

Oblivion noma kabusha?

Ngo-1996, umkhosi lithole elinye igama. Ngo-2004, ngaphambi okukhiphayo yokudlulisa 4 Novemba (Usuku Ubumbano Kuzwelonke), iqembu isishoshovu kwezenhlalo inhlolovo phakathi izakhamuzi abasha oseqinile yezwe. Umgomo - ophethe ulwazi ngezenzakalo October Revolution kanye nekubaluleka kwalo ezimpilweni zabantu baseRussia. 20% kuphela abaphendula umbuzo mayelana nokuthi uluphi uhlobo iholidi kugujwa ngoNovemba 7 e-USSR.

Kuyini lokhu? Okumbi lemfundo noma ngempela sezincwadi isizukulwane yesimanje ukuba aqhubekele phambili engacabangile ngomlando wawoyise? Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bengqondo bakholelwa ukuthi isikhathi asuke izenzakalo impikiswano - kusho kahle futhi ngokushesha kakhudlwana iphokophele intuthuko. Ingabe isidingo usuku off namuhla, ukubaluleka okukhulu manje wayesefile kanye izwe?

Okwamanje, i-Okthoba Revolution - buyinto edidayo. Uneziqu nohlu olubanzi izilinganiso mlando. Iphuzu lokuqala umbono - kungcono kokuquleka emthethweni kwamandla, esiye saholela lizwe ukuze kombuso wobushiqela. Abanye bathi ukuvukela kwakudingekile. Kwaholela Russia emphakathini wanamuhla akuyona indlela isicebi, futhi lena icala esiyingqayizivele emlandweni. Siyabonga inguquko izwe ukugwema nciphisa kwezombangazwe, okwakusho sasingagwemeki emva abdication yenkosi. Territory wawuzohlukaniswa ube amazwe ezifana eBrithani naseMelika. isiko Russian, isizwe ngisho ngolimi nje abasekho.

Ngaphezu kwalezi imibono emibili, kukhona izitatimende Lesisemkhatsini bekuyokwenzekani kanjani ukube bekungengenxa inguquko. Ngokwesibonelo, uprofesa womlando I. Froyanov wathi:

"Lena isiqephu ebaluleke kakhulu emlandweni, futhi ukubeka uphawu noma lokususa kumane ayilungile. W isikhukhukazi sishiya amachwane aso kukhona lwabangela ukushintsha kukahulumeni, igama elithi "nombhikisho wezombusazwe" lifaneleka esengeziwe lesi simanga. Nokho angaphezu kwelilodwa isizukulwane sibonga igama leli holidi ngoNovemba 7 e-USSR, ngoba imemori ezithandwayo zezingoma amathemba ukuzigqaja kwabantu Russian. "

Lolu suku iyadingeka kabutjha izizukulwane zethu. Is they ngeke nesisindo, ahlaziye bese uqhathanisa amaqiniso ezisesesikhathini ngakho eduze ngokomzwelo kithi.