Nation - is wacabanga umphakathi

Umqondo isizwe ngokuvamile kakhulu esetshenziswa enkulumweni zezombusazwe yesimanje. Ngalo, uzama tie isithombe nezifiso zabo zabo ababusi yomphakathi. Kepha kuthini ukumela empeleni?

Ukwethulwa yencazelo: isizwe

Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi yolimi lwanamuhla Russian kukhona lahlukene imigomo, efana nomqondo isizwe: abantu, uhlanga kanye nobuzwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isizwe uqobo kuyindlela kokuba ukubukwa multiple of nenchazelo. Kukhona ukungqubuzana lapha, futhi abanye okuhlobene ukuhunyushwa imigomo elikhuluma olunye ulimi. Ngakho-ke, amaJalimane kanye nabantu isizwe - kuyinto abantu. Imiqondo emibili bahlanganiswe esinye isikhathi. Kodwa izincwadi ekhethekile lesiNgisi abantu ezahlukene futhi isizwe imiqondo. Okokuqala, ngasendleleni, akuyona nsé abantu ukuqonda kwethu. Ukuze abakhuluma isiRashiya isizwe womuntu - uhlobo phambili abantu nokuthuthukiswa kwazo isigaba ephakeme. Nakuba isizwe sakwa ubunye okukhulu kwezomthetho futhi yemvelo eyaba khona kusukela endulo, futhi lo mqondo isizwe eveza kunalokho emphakathini zenhlalo-ngokwengqondo. Ukuqaphela ikusasa zomlando ngokuhlanganyela, namaqhawe ezivamile futhi zikhathi ezishaqisayo, ubunye esedlule kanye nekusasa uphendulela abantu bakhe baba isizwe. Lena into okungaphezu nje iqoqo izici ezifanayo ezifana namasiko naphakathi kolimi (nakuba ngesisekelo). Ukuthuthukisa isizwe, ngokuvumelana izazi zanamuhla embuzweni engxenyeni yalo ephakeme kakhulu ihlanganisa ukwenziwa isimo. Kuyinto indlela ephumelela kakhulu ukuveza izithakazelo ezivamile kazwelonke yinqubomgomo angaphandle kanye ezifuywayo.

Ukuzalwa isizwe

Ngo historiography yesimanje, umbuzo has imisinga eziningana ehlukile ucabangela umsuka isizwe. Nokho, izazi onegunya kunabo namanje attribute ukuvela izizwe ifomu yabo samanje ngenkathi ezikhathini zanamuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaba ekuqaleni into European. Nation - kuyinto brainchild of ubudlelwane isicebi kanye revolution kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe. Ukuze ongumlimi Ephakathi kwakungekho ungubani okunjalo futhi akukho mehluko phakathi kwamakhosi French nesiJalimane amakhosi asendulo. Futhi ngezinsuku zokugcina bonke abalimi ukukhiqiza mass olulodwa. Omunye wabacwaningi ovelele namuhla, Benedict Anderson kudale umqondo okhethekile "imiphakathi wacabanga". Lokhu kusho ukuthi isizwe - isithelo umcabango womuntu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kwenzeka kuphela uma kuwa umphakathi temdzabu (sib imiphakathi dolobhana), futhi omusha, umphakathi kabanzi emhlabeni wonke. ukuqinisekiswa Local ayisekho efanelekayo, futhi usebenza e Munich, isibonelo, ngenxa yalezi zinhlelo uqale ukuzizwa commonality nge umabhalane Dortmund, nakuba engakaze ihlangane nabo. Ukuze isizwe izimpawu ezibalulekile kakhulu ezivamile - isisekelo womfelandawonye amalungu ayo. Ngokuvamile umbala isizwe - izimbongi, ababhali, abaculi, izazi-mlando - futhi umdali lezi zinhlamvu. Bakha isithombe zobunye izingqondo kwabakhileyo insimu ethile.