Mineral izinsiza kanye ngezigaba zabo

Mineral Resources - iqoqo zonke amaminerali atholakala emathunjini le planethi, kufinyeleleke futhi ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ku izicelo ezimbonini. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa hhayi izisetshenziswa kuphela ewusizo ezweni, kodwa futhi lezo ezitholakala ekujuleni kolwandle.

Mineral Resources - umqondo ezinde kakhulu, ezingase sinezici eziningana. Ngamagama yokwakheka komhlaba - iqoqo Amasimu lapho izakhi zamakhemikhali ehlanganisa lezi namaminerali bagxila endaweni ngemithamo ngokucijile ephakeme kuqhathaniswa (clarke) okuqukethwe kwabo ungqimba lomhlaba enikeze bakwazi yentuthuko yabo ezimbonini. Uma sicabangela isici kwezomnotho, izidubedube - isisekelo eluhlaza impahla sokuthuthukiswa umkhakha (fuel namandla eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukwakhiwa, yokusansimbi, chemical umkhakha), kanye into kungenzeka esingenakuqhathaniswa sokubambisana kwamazwe omhlaba.

Ososayensi baye basungula ngezigaba izidubedube izindawo ukusetshenziswa. Kule umbono yilezi ezilandelayo amaqembu:

1. Okokhelekayo namandla imithombo. Okokuqala, kungcono uwoyela negesi yemvelo kanye amalahle, uwoyela oluthambile. Uranium ore namaminerali steel ukubaluleka zezimboni kuphela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. Manje, futhi, bangabanye kulesi sigaba. Ngokomlando, leli qembu osebenza Peat, nakuba manje ukubaluleka zezimboni ke abuzange. Lezi namaminerali banendabuko sedimentary. Njengomthetho, zivalelwe nesembozo ezisekelweni ubudala, onqenqemeni futhi deflections yangaphakathi.

2. Ore:

- izinsimbi ayoni. Ngokuyinhloko, ayina vanadium, manganese futhi chromium;

- metal non-ayoni futhi ingxubevange. Lokhu i-ore aluminium (bauxite, alunite, nepheline-apatite nokunye.), I-ore yethusi, nickel, phambili, i-zinc, i-tungsten molybdenum, njll.;

- ensimbini eyigugu (igolide-isiliva, platinum).

Ore noma ephelezelwa isisekelo izihlangu ezisekelweni lasendulo, noma abavaleleke izingxenye eligoqiwe, okuvame yakha ibhande metallogenic, okuyinto osikweleta imvelaphi yabo amaphutha ezijulile zomhlaba.

3. uPrecious lulwimi eziyigugu amaminerali (idayimane, corundum nezinhlobonhlobo yayo, spinel, Emerald, i-jade, asebenza ngebhethri, kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi).

4. Imayini namakhemikhali amaminerali imithombo. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa itshe, i-potassium usawoti kanye magnesia, phosphorites futhi apatites, isibabule compounds yayo, barite, fluorite, boron ore namanye amaminerali, okuyizinto izinto zokusetshenziswa for the umkhakha zamakhemikhali.

5. Industrial Raw umsuka nonmetallic (asebenza ngebhethri, graphite, asbestos, mica, talc, njll).

6. Izinto zokwakha (zemabula, ubumba, azikhohlwe ngokuphelele izono zethu, egwadle, gabbro, diabase limestone, ingilazi, usimende izinto zokusetshenziswa, njll).

7. Hydromineral imithombo (komhlaba njengoba fresh futhi amatshe aligugu, kuhlanganise ezishisayo kanye lisetshenziswe ukwelashwa spa).

Imali amaminerali non-metallic kwenzeke kokubili kwi ezisekelweni kanye ezindaweni aphindekile.

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuyisigaba kunalokho okunemibandela, ngoba ngokuvamile emikhakheni ehlukene bangasebenzisa izinto ezifanayo eluhlaza. Ngokwesibonelo, apatite noma limestone ingasetshenziswa yokusansimbi nasesikhathini umkhakha zamakhemikhali, namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe - futhi ukwakhiwa.

Mineral izinsiza ziye zasetshenziswa yi indoda selokhu impucuko, lokubonakala isihloko esithile nangenkathi (isibonelo - itshe noma engu zethusi). Ngaleso sikhathi samanje, emazwini Academician A. E. Fersman, ezinyaweni esintwini bonke abantu besigaba simiso Mendeleev. Ngo umkhakha yesimanje, kwakuhilela okungaphezu 200 izinhlobonhlobo izidubedube. Cishe bonke basonta isigaba non-evuselelekayo, ngakho omunye izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ngemvelo zanamuhla ukuthuthukisa iqoqo izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuba ukuba crisis nsiza.