Lotman Yury - engavamile futhi elikhanyayo

Lotman Yuri Mikhailovich - Yizwe elikhulu ukucabanga ukuthi thina, kodwa uhlangulisa inzalo, ukuba zihlolwe. Nakuba ithelevishini wenze lukhulu yokusebenza kwalo ngezindlela eziningi futhi eyinkimbinkimbi baye zitholakale kubantu abaningi sithintane ne-material ukujula futhi sekulula nokuya kwamanye ukudluliswa, Yuri Mikhailovich namanje akwaziwa ukuthi waphelelaphi.

Ulwazi mayelana esakhula

Umndeni Mihaila Lvovicha Lotmana, sezibalo ummeli, abase namadodakazi amathathu, indodana akubonakali. Futhi ngo-1922 i-yindlala Petrograd ekugcineni azalelwa indlalifa okwase kukudala ilindelwe - Lotman Yury. Indlu lapho engazalwa ngalo, kunzima kakhulu. Kuyinto ngenxa yakhe, Pushkin waya Duel kusukela lapho athathwa elambulala.

Sekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka e imikhaya yamaJuda, efundisa inhlonipho yesikole kanye nezincwadi. Ngakho-ke, eneminyaka eyisikhombisa Lotman Yury wathunyelwa ukufunda esikoleni okungcono eLeningrad, manje-ke lethiwa yokuqala "Petrischule". Kulesi sikole wafunda abantu abenze iqhaza elikhulu isiko Russian, njenge: PP Vyazemsky, Rossi, Benois, M. Mussorgsky, Decembrist MA Fonvizin, Admiral P. Chichagov nabanye abaningi.

Kuphela esikoleni Lotman Yury ungase uthole imfundo ejulile babanjwa futhi umyalo omuhle kakhulu izilimi zakwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi isiJalimane, okuyinto Yury ngamakhala. Futhi ngenkathi yiminyaka emakhulu asithoba Lotman Yury uyabubona isayensi alungiselela ukungena University of Leningrad. Wakhetha Faculty of kolimi kanye exchange rate yayo wayebhalela beqondiswa philologist ovelele futhi folklorist V Ya. Proppa, oye waba ukuqashelwa international futhi kwaba iyahola ukuthuthukiswa inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela umbhalo. Ngokuya izithakazelo yomfundi kuhlanganisiwe ekutadisheni izincwadi Russian ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, ngakho-ke kudingeka ulwazi French.

impi

Ngo 1939-1940, kwathatha beka empini nge Finland. Futhi kusukela ngomnyaka wesibili Lotman Yury iqondiswe iRed Army. Njengoba into esisemqoka Wayesethatha isichazamazwi French futhi wayifunda yonke Iminyaka yempi. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-World signalman ukhonza e amabutho wezikhali, okungukuthi iyahola, akacashi noma ngemuva kabani imihlane. Yena Usayitsheni kuqala, bese induna eposini.

Ngo-1944, it ukhishwa izindondo ezimbili - "Ukuze anamandla" futhi "Ukuze Izikhungo e Battle". Ngemva ukuxukuzeka ngo-1945 Yuri Mikhailovich ukhishwa Order of Red Star kanye Order of the Patriotic neMpi II degree. Njengoba impi yayo honours kwanikezelwa. Yuri Lotman eseqedile empini e-Berlin.

Demobilization futhi Ukuqalisa

Kusukela ngo-1946 kuya ku-1950 waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe, abese uthola indawo ye womfundisi abaphezulu e Tartu, at the Pedagogical Institute. Ukuze ukuthi ungumJuda nangezinye izindlela avalwa. Ku-Tartu encane uzohlala for a lifetime. Ngemva konyaka, Yuri bashade nentombazane abaseduze naye emoyeni, okuyinto study kufanekisa Russian nemisebenzi ka-Aleksandru Blok. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, ngo-1952, Lotman Yuriy Mihaylovich uvikela mqondo yakhe. Sakhethwa elwa izikhulu Radishcheva esthetics e Karamzin. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, umsebenzi uqala ngo-University of Tartu, okuyinto 20 sibonga eyikhulu umsebenzi Lotman akusiyo kuphela ezidumile emhlabeni wonke, kodwa futhi ibekwe ezindaweni ezibalulekile emhlabeni kolimi. Futhi konke lokhu nje ngoba kukhona uye lectured usosayensi omkhulu futhi wadala isikole semiotics. Ngo-1961, Yuri Mikhailovich bavikela mqondo yakhe zobudokotela ze-izincwadi Russian ngaphambi kokubhikisha kwango we Decembrists, kusukela ngo-1963, yena - UProfesa, iNhloko yoMnyango kwezincwadi Russian.

Abasebenzisi kwekhulu le-18 ngasekupheleni - ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 abangu nabangane abahlala ngaye. Wayekhuluma Pushkin, eqinisekisa nokuhlola yayo yokuphila namasiko, futhi kufinyelelwe iziphetho ezinembile yayo. Ngo-1981 wakhipha umqulu yomlando wakhe ka Pushkin. incwadi "Izingxoxo mayelana isiko Russian" Very interesting, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1993, ngesikhathi nje ngesikhathi lapho TV waqala umjikelezo waso ezinkulumo mayelana nale ndaba. Le ncwadi angavulwa ngasiphi ikhasi nokufunda voraciously. inkumbulo nolwazi Lotman sika kukhona into engavamile. Abafundi izinkulumo yezwakala ezinkulumo zakhe, nakuba ngingazazi izinto ukwenza - ulalele noma irekhodi. Impela, bathi wayeyingane efana nezinye izithombe.

ukuphuza isiko

Memory kubhekwa Lotman, impumelelo eliphakeme kokubili abantu futhi esintwini sisonke. Lokho-ke ingumsingathi isiko njengoba umphumela omuhle kakhulu imisebenzi umoya womuntu. Isiko njengendlela inkumbulo - indlela ukuqonda umsebenzi usosayensi. Incwadi yokugcina eshicilelwe phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, ubizwa ngokuthi "Amasiko ukuqhuma." Zikhuluma izinqubo kwamasiko-aspect zomlando, okwaholela kuleli zwe yokuthi esinalo manje. Ngakho ucabanga Yuri Lotman, ogama biography, naphezu kwezinkinga elalibhekene vicissitudes izimpi - Biography of the wayecabangisisa.

domesticity

Enomkakhe, Yuri Mikhailovich wahlala amathathu nethoba, Esedabulile iminyaka emithathu. Ngakho, babheka, vele owakwakhe sobudala. Lo mbhangqwana bangcwatshwe ndawonye. Sinenkosi amadodana amathathu. Senior lilandele ezinyathelweni zabo, ukwenza izincwadi futhi semiotics, kwesibili - ungumculi, eyesithathu - sesayensi.

Washona ngo-1993 Lotman Yuri Mikhailovich. Umlando wakhe uyaqhubeka ezinkulumweni, izincwadi, abafunda futhi uzindle namuhla inzalo naye imicabango siyabhubha neligcwele izinkathazo.