Le ndawo Greenland sezulu, labantu, idolobha, ifulege

Eplanethini yethu, kunezindlela eziningi emazweni amaningi ehlukene nge ulimi oluhlukile, isiko kanye nezinye izici. Kodwa abambalwa kakhulu zazo zitholakala kulezi ziqhingi, futhi noma lamazwe ngamanye noma ukuzimela ezibanzi. Le ndawo Greenland kusikisela esimweni saso enkulu angawodwa ukuba usuku, esisogwini isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kodwa lokhu akulona isici kuphela izinto ezizokhuthaza izivakashi.

ulwazi oluyisisekelo

Likuphi Greenland? Ugu bahlanza ngelesibili izilwandle:-Arctic kanye Atlantic.

Ingabe isiqhingi eduze izwekazi Eurasia. Ngekucabanga, Greenland kuyingxenye Denmark, kodwa eqinisweni - kuba ukuzimela esikhulu unamalungelo sasivumela ebanzi ukuzibusa. Basics yilezi:

1. Inani endaweni Greenland 2.166.086 sq. km, kodwa ngenxa yakho konke lokhu "ingcebo" kuphela 340 ayizinkulungwane. km ^₂ efanelekayo ukuphila, ngoba abanayo ice.
2. Esiqhingini iyikhaya abakhileyo 57.000, nge 90% wabo - the Inuit, "titular" isizwe esilulimi amalungu wahlala lapha kusukela kudala. Ngakho-ke Greenland bakhona eyohlobo ngokwanele.
3. Inhlokodolobha itholakala umuzi igama engavamile ukuba Nuuk European.
4. Ulimi olusemthethweni ngo-2009, iyona nehabhu phambi umphelelisi yayo Danish.
5. Greenland ifulege - umbuthano obomvu nomhlophe ku ngemuva efanayo. Umbala ilandela izimpawu Denmark.
6. Okuwukuphela lwemali olusemthethweni iyona krone Danish.

Uma ufuna ukubiza othile eGreenland, ikhodi Ukudayela - (299).

Lapho-ke wavulwa?

Kodwa uma lesi siqhingi esimangalisayo izihambi ngaleso weathering yayo ongancintisana Antarctic, kwathiwa kuqala wavula?

Isethenjwa yokuqala eyaziwayo sihlehlela emuva onyakeni 875. Wathola siqhingi Icelander Gunnbjørn Fjeld. Kazi wavele echazwe ayekutholile, kodwa akukho amabalazwe olunembile nezinye iziqondiso akuwenzanga, ngoba ogwini ewile. Khona-ke, bambalwa abantu bazi lapho Greenland, futhi abe nesithakazelo esikhethekile iyona ukutholakala akuzange kumenze. Izikhathi-ke bethuka, amaViking kancane kancane yanqoba amasimu amasha ...

Kuphela 982, ogwini leli zwe elihle okokuqala kwafika nomunye Icelander Eirik Road. It Nguyena futhi owanika igama kulesi siqhingi. Ngakho-ke, waqala ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo kulendawo.

Kwenqubo yokwakhiwa kwamakoloni siqhingi

Ngonyaka 983 yasungulwa khona manje kuleli koloni lokuqala Icelandic, eyathatha kwaze kwaba maphakathi nekhulu le-15! Nokho, uzokwenza kufanele wanezela ukuthi isimo sezulu ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukuthola, Isimanga siwukuthi, kuyinto ethambile. Ngakho-ke, "izwe oluhlaza" Greenland owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi yini ngengozi, ngoba ehlobo kwaba isikhathi eside, futhi izinga lokushisa air kwaba ngaphezulu.

Ngakho sokufuna "ukuze ubeke endaweni" babebaningi. Emakhulwini amane eminyaka alandela (kusukela ngomhla ka 13 nele-17), leli zwe kwakungekaNkulunkulu Norway, kodwa kamuva komthetho Danish. Ngo 1814, i-Danes ekugcineni chaza inyunyana (into efana ubunye inkontileka) ne baseNorway, futhi babe abanikazi yedwa esiqhingini. Ngo-1953, Greenland anikezwe ngokusemthethweni isimo "Ingxenye insimu ka uMbuso Denmark, 'kodwa abantu ngokwabo" ezweni eliluhlaza "lena bengavumelani ngempela.

Indaba ezithakazelisayo futhi eyinkimbinkimbi kwenqubo yokwakhiwa kwamakoloni kulesi siqhingi amaViking. Kusukela ngonyaka 983 futhi kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu le-12, abantu baye baba matasa kakhulu ekuhleleni eziningi nemizana yalo. Kodwa-ke kungazelelwe okuthile senzeke nemizana benza, futhi amaViking wasuka kulezi ezingwini. Kwenzekeni?

Kuze kube muva nje, le imicabango ukubeka phambili kakhulu kuze kube aluhlaza cwe. Nokho, eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngakwazi ekususeni umgubuzelo ekusithekeni sezulu. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kusukela 10 kuya kwele-11 BC phezu sezulu siqhingi kwakuhlala onomoya omnene kakhulu, isikhathi efudumele sidonsa, kanti kwezinye izindawo ogwini, ngokuvumelana imibhalo yesandla yasendulo, ngisho yokuvuthwa kakolweni. Ke kwabakho snap ebandayo abukhali, ngenxa okuyinto amaViking wakhetha ukuphuma lapha.

Abaphathi bezombangazwe baleli zwe engaziwa ithwala ephalamende kanye undunankulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani labantu Greenland unelungelo wokuqoka abameleli ababili, ngubani banike izwi izithakazelo abahlala kulezi ziqhingi ePhalamende Danish.

ukuzimela loluhlelekile

Labetibambile Novemba 25, 2008 inhlolovo kuvikelwe ukuzimela zensimu. Iqiniso lokuthi zakulesi siqhingi uvotela izinguquko eziningi futhi eningi kule nomthetho. Ikakhulukazi, kwaba khona-ke ukuthi Greenlandic saba ulimi kuphela, futhi amagatsha zokwahlulela neyokuphatha atholwe ukuzibusa ngokugcwele. Namuhla, singasho kufanele ucabange ukuthi ifulegi Greenland izimpukane phezu ukuzimela yezwe. Nokho, wokuzibusa uye esadala negative - Denmark saphela xhasa umnotho lesi siqhingi ezingaphezu kuka $ 600 izigidi ezingu ngonyaka.

Ngokusemthethweni amalungiselelo inhlolovo Waqala ukusebenza maphakathi no-2009, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zonke endaweni Greenland - empeleni ngokugcwele kanye nesimo kuqhathaniswa ezizimele. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi nge-European Union kanye bendawo musa ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano.

Ngokusemthethweni, isiqhingi namanje akwaziwa ukuthi ingxenye Denmark, kodwa asihlali ku-EU. Kusukela yaqala ukuba khona kwabantu bakulezi ziqhingi ngokuphuthumayo bamelana elithi baba ingxenye iYurophu enobunye. Isizathu sisobala: cishe, Greenland ngale ndlela uvikela ukuzimela siqu zokudoba izinsiza zawo okumelwe zigcinwe,, kungenjalo, khona-ke ukufanelekela ukuba Norway naseDenmark. Isimo sezombusazwe kunzima ngokwanele kulezi zingxenye, futhi kwezinye izici ngisho esishubile.

Umnotho kanye nezokuvakasha

Umnotho wanamuhla Greenland lususelwe lokudoba. Yiqiniso, kunethemba isizinda amaminerali, esiqhingini kukhona idiphozithi yanoma imikhando polymetallic. Yilokho kuphela ezokuvakasha, okuyinto sincika ezimbalwa kakhulu abasekeli wokuzibusa ogcwele insimu, kuyinto ampofu. Isizathu esiyinhloko - isimo sezulu nesihluku, izindleko ukuvakasha intshiseko kakhulu phakathi izivakashi izimbangela. Ngakho Greenland - ezweni abasha, kodwa nobunzima lukhuni.

Air traffic nezinye ezokuthutha

Edolobheni nge eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokuthi Kangerlussuaq kuyinto sezindiza elikhulu kunawo wonke endaweni, isuselwe e-US Air Force base endaweni iMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Naphezu alula sobala, ubukhulu sezindiza ngempela ngisho zikuvumela ukuthatha izindiza ngamazwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungathola kulesi siqhingi, thatha isevisi isikebhe kusukela inkampani cruise Hurtigruten. Amadolobha e Greenland ngokwayo nayo oxhumene branched inethiwekhi isikebhe. Uma udinga isivinini, kufanele usebenzise amasevisi wenkampane yezindiza encane emoyeni Greenland, engabanikazi bephephandaba izindiza eziningana futhi umbhangqwana kweshumi ezokuthutha enophephela emhlane.

Road imoto esiqhingini omkhulu - lutho nhlobo, cishe 150 kilometers (nalabo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni). Ngokuvamile, Greenland - lizwe akuyona imoto. Sekukonke kukhona ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezintathu izimoto bhalisiwe, ikakhulukazi SUV futhi off-road imishini.

emadolobheni amakhulu

Nuuk (esikhathini esidlule umuzi wabizwa ngokuthi Godthab) - inhloko-dolobha Greenland, okuyinto yasungulwa ngo 1728. zevangeli Danish. Kuyinto idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke esiqhingini, lapho esihlalweni uhulumeni wendawo. Izakhamuzi kule ndawo emangalisayo benza amahlaya ukuthi lapha kukhona kuyo ehlobo Santa Claus. Uma ucabangela indawo lapho Greenland kumephu, kulesi sitatimende, kukhona ingxenye iqiniso.

Ilullissat (igama esidlule - Jakobshavn), etholakala ogwini ethekwini ne "amadlingozi" disc iziqu. Kodwa le ndawo - ezinzima, ngoba amanzi ahlanzekile asivamile ukubonwa ngenxa yobuningi zeqhwa. By the way, kulezi zingxenye okuzelwe okungenani 1/10 kuzo zonke izintaba zeqhwa kungabonwa ngasogwini Greenland. Mhlawumbe muzi kuphela, ithuba ukuziqhayisa kokuba kwatheleka njalo zezivakashi mhlawumbe.

Ixhumeke nge ubuhle ngiyaphupha yezintaba wendawo ezineqhwa, okuyinto ukuheha abantu abavela emhlabeni wonke. izivakashi eziningi ngoba nje lokhu futhi uthole ukuthi ibalazwe Greenland.

Kangerlussuaq kusekelwe eduze yeqhwa of the gama elifanayo. Kulapha kuyinto sezindiza elikhulu kunawo eGreenland. Ngokwezwi nezwi igama elithi emzini ungakwazi njalo ukubukela Imihlambi inyamazane. Futhi emigwaqweni ngokuvamile ukubona onogwaja polar nezimpungushe. Uma ushayela amakhilomitha angu-25 kuphela ukusuka, ungabona yeqhwa enhle Russell.

Qaqortoq (igama endala yedolobha kuzwakala Yulianehlob) eyasungulwa ngo 1775. Okusanda, budebuduze imikhawulo dolobha, abavubukuli bakhubekile lapho izinsalela settlement Viking nebandla, obuhlehlela kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi. Edolobheni Unartok ungakwazi ukubhukuda iziphethu ezishisayo futhi ujabulele embukisweni ukubaza itshe wendawo.

Umanak - elinye lamalokishi esiyingqayizivele kunazo kula mazwe eneqhwa. Ihlala angaphezu kwe-Arctic Circle, kodwa lapha isibalo esiphezulu izinsuku sunny. Kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-August kulezi zindawo ungalilahli ilanga, kodwa ngoba izivakashi kukhona esiningi esikhululekile okungase wachitha ekuhloleni kahle ezizungezile. Edolobhaneni elithile elincane kukhona Museum emangalisayo, okuyinto eqoqwe izinto eziningi zobuciko ekhuluma ngokuphila eGreenland.

zokungcebeleka

Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi cishe zonke ezikhangayo zendawo zinomsuka zemvelo. Ngokwesibonelo, kuphela eyodwa Bangalinganisa nobukhulu bemibuso nezintaba zeqhwa, omunye okuyinto ebangele ukufa Titanic edume. Ngokuvamile, Greenland ice ihlanganiswa cishe 80%, kanye ukushuba salo amakhilomitha amathathu. Njengoba sazi ukuthi endaweni Greenland e sq. km 2166086, it is akunzima ukuqonda ukuthi isamba Cyclopean kweqhwa eqandisiwe lapha!

Ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi uma ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa bendawo kuphela (ingasaphathwa-Antarctic), kolwandle lembulunga yonke bayovuka amamitha okungenani ayisikhombisa. Futhi kubonakala sengathi yonke le iya. Kodwa ngenxa ososayensi ukufudumala uphathe njalo yokuthola izinto ezingalindelekile: ". Lesi siqhingi evuthayo" ngo-2005, abacwaningi bakwazi ukuthola ucezu ukugcina iziqephu ezintsha zezindawo, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i Itholakala amakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka ogwini Greenland. Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi kwebhuloho ice exhumanisa ngayo lesi siqhingi, nje gu zinyanga 20-30 iminyaka.

Gunnborn siyintaba abasengxenyeni esempumalanga-iningi Greenland (Gunnbjorn). phezulu Its wanqwabelanisa leso siqhingi isikhathi esingaphezu 3.5 amakhilomitha. Futhi lokho kumane nje kuyingxenye kungaphezu ice ukujiya eminyaka ubudala! Eduze Fjord emhlabeni omude kunayo yonke, Scoresby Sund. Lokhu ahlabayo strait ku ukushuba komhlaba amakhilomitha 350 nje!

Glacier Sermeq Kujaleq. Mhlawumbe, ngenxa ke ungavakashela "izwe oluhlaza". Ngo-2004, i-UNESCO ngokusemthethweni ufake leli "ucezu ice" ohlwini ka eziyiNgcebo Yomhlaba izindawo. Kodwa kungani leyo nhlonipho i? Njengoba sazi ukuthi endaweni Greenland e sq. km mikhulu, nge 80% ke - ice, kungakhathaliseki eziningi ukunakwa komunye yeqhwa? Kwavela ukuthi kukhona, ngoba iyingqayizivele ngempela.

endaweni yayo - amakhilomitha square abangaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu, futhi minyaka yonke e Disko Bay Water ezidabula off kuwo ezingaphezu kuka-40 eziyinkulungwane cubic metres ice. Glacier ngokwayo liyafana emfuleni omkhulu ice okumsulwa, okuyinto kukhasa phezu Greenland ezingaba ngu-40 amasentimitha ngosuku. Lapho ichopho ifinyelela Disco ice ekwakhekeni, ice breaking kude ke Greenland.

Isimo sezulu e Greenland

Isimo sezulu elibuhlungu - Arctic zasolwandle Arctic. Maphakathi siqhingi, ubapha indlela e-Arctic ezwekazini. Ziyinkimbinkimbi engeza izishingishane, ngenxa okuyinto sezulu Ungashintsha ngokuphazima kweso. Kube njalo "kuzuba" izinga lokushisa umoya ushintsho isiqondiso izikhathi eziningana ngehora. Njengoba iqhwa kule ndawo ihlanganisa indawo kunangendlela lonke elase-United Kingdom, umthwalo kwalo ngokweqile kubangela subsidence we- cortex, ukuze ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi esiqhingini at 360 metres ngezansi (!) Kwamanzi ulwandle. Ngakho-ke, Greenland, isimo sezulu esinzima futhi njalo, ukhetha a umoya onamandla nabantu eziqinile.

Isimo sezulu izici

Winter libhekene zasezindaweni unomphela kanye nenani elikhulu kwezulu. Nokho, izinga lokushisa kuyamukeleka Disemba kuyaqabukela sehliselwe -8 ° C. Ngo-January, ogwini - kusukela -7 ° C. Kuhlukile ekupheleni eningizimu, lapho ubusika njalo fixed lokushisa -36 ° C. Ngo-February, isimo sezulu kanye akazange bazitike, sifinyelela phezulu -47 ° C (ubuncane eliphelele - -70 ° C). Ngamafuphi nje, kukhona ufudumele kwezinye izindawo Mars!

Kungcono ukuvakashela kule ndawo kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-June. Uma uthanda ebusika, kodwa izinga lokubanda lingaphansi kuka -50 degrees awuzizwa, uhambo kungenziwa ihlelelwe maphakathi no-Ephreli. Spring nje omkhulu: amakhaza njengoba nje kungekho noyedwa, nasenyakatho tan kuqinisekisiwe. lokushisa emoyeni thukela lize liba ngaphansi kwe-10 ° C. Yini izivakashi bayokwazisa isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke - Greenland - ehlobo?

Njengoba iqhwa, okuyinto ngo-June akukhona okungavamile ukuba likhithike. Ehlobo sezulu lapha kuba ezingalindelekile ngokuphelele. umoya njalo, ukufinyelela ijubane lamakhilomitha 60-70 m / s. Isikhathi esingcono ukuvakashela kulesi siqhingi - kusukela maphakathi no-July kuya ekuqaleni kuka-September. Izinsuku ziba zinde, kanye nezimfunda jikisa indawo emangalisayo enhle: lapha, izigidi Izimbali ziqhakaza, kukhona amajikijolo okumnandi.

Namanje ku esifanayo sihlelele "ukutholakala" kwaleli Greenland? Impendulo isobala: konke kuncike izintandokazi sezulu izivakashi.