Lagard Kristin, IMF. Biography, empilweni yakho

Umqondisi oyibamba wezokushushiswa IMF Kristin Lagard ophethe isikhundla sakhe samanje kusukela ngoJulayi 5, 2011. Ngaphambi kwalokho, wayenomkhuba Union okwesikhathi Popular Movement, ovulekile-olandelanayo iqembu lezombusazwe. UChristine Lagarde, ogama umndeni Yayinesikhwanyana ngokuphelele othisha, ingane wakhetha inkambo ehlukile. Phakathi nenkonzo yakhe yokuba, wasishintsha okuthunyelwe ezikhonzayo eziningana. It wazibonakalisa professional weqiniso. Lagard Kristin ngisho ngakwazi abe insikazi wezeziMali lokuqala "Big Eight" amazwe. Bese kuthi-ke inhloko IMF!

Ngo-2009, umagazini odumile-Financial Times okuthiwa wakhe ungqongqoshe yimpumelelo kakhulu ezezimali endaweni euro. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili kwaba yena wacelwa ukuba abe umqondisi IMF. Ngakho uChristine Lagarde, ogama isizwe bokuqala kwalethela izikhalazo ezivela abameleli bamazwe asathuthuka, kuye kwabonakala efaneleyo yayo waphinda, futhi waqinisekisa ukuthi Kumagazini i-Forbes ngo-2014, wawuqamba ngokuthi ingxenye yesihlanu ohlwini abesifazane ezinethonya kunazo.

Imininingwane emfushane

• Igama: Lagarde uChristine Madlen Odett (isibongo sasekhaya - Laluett).
• Usuku Lokuzalwa: Januwari 1, 1956.
• Isikhundla: Managing Director of IMF.
• Amasekela: Dzhon Lipski, uDavide Lipton.
• Eyandulela Dominique Strauss-Kahn.
• Inhlangano yezepolitiki: UMP.
• Inkolo: yamaKatolika.

UChristine Lagarde: A Biography

Umqondisi oyibamba wezokushushiswa IMF wazalelwa e-Paris. Abazali bakhe babe abafundisi: uyise - uprofesa isiNgisi, unina - umfundisi Latin, ngesiGreki nezincwadi French. Lagard Kristin wachitha ebuntwaneni nabafowethu abathathu abancane Le Havre. Ngesikhathi ngiba ibhungu, wayengumhlali oyilungu leqembu French kazwelonke ukubhukuda ezivumelanisiwe. Ngemva kokuthola iziqu zeMasters ngo-1973, wafumana umfundaze wokuyofunda esikoleni samantombazane e-United States. Ngesikhathi ehlala e-Melika, Lagard Kristin wamabhuku intern ngesikhathi Capitol. Wayengumngane umsizi lesiShaya uWilliam Cohen futhi lwamsiza ukuba ukuxhumana abavoti elikhuluma isiFulentshi ngesikhathi scandal Watergate. Ngaphambi ukwazi ngakho bonke umnotho ezinkulu zomhlaba, Lagarde wathola iziqu zeMasters e-University of Paris West - Nanterre la wezokuVikela Institute of Studies Political e Aix-en-Provence. Wayefuna ukuya French-National School of Administration, kodwa akazange athole amaphuzu anele ukuhlolwa.

UChristine Lagarde: uthando ukuphila

Kuleli qophelo, owesifazane unamadodana amabili omdala. I nesibongo umyeni wakhe wokuqala Lagarde uzibeké kude kangako. Kusukela 2006, it is a mshado wasehhovisi kanye usomabhizinisi Xavier vahina giocante kusuka Marseille. UChristine Lagarde enakekela impilo yakho kuyinto imifino okuqina futhi kuyaqabukela aphuze utshwala. ukwenza izinto zokuchitha isizungu zawo zihlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa ejimini, ibhayisikili ogibele nokubhukuda.

amathuba okuba umculi okhokhelwayo

Lagarde waqala ukusebenza ngo-Baker & McKenzie - umthetho wamazwe omhlaba inkampani enkulu - ngo-1981. Yena ezikhethekile izingxabano antitrust kanye nabasebenzi. Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, Kristin uye nguzakwethu ngokuqinile futhi inhloko egatsheni West Europe. Ukuzalwa amadodana ngo-1986 nango-1988 akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa wakhe ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle. Ngo-1995, waba ilungu lekomidi eliphezulu, futhi 1999 - engusihlalo walo. UChristine Lagarde kwaba khona owesifazane wokuqala ukuba ukhishwa okuthunyelwe. Ngo-2004, waba uMongameli Baker & McKenzie Global Strategic Committee.

tikhundla uhulumeni

Ngo-2005, uChristine Lagarde ahlinzekwa okuthunyelwe ka UNgqongqoshe wezoHwebo yeFrance. igunya lakhe phezulu kubhekwa kuvulwa izimakethe ezintsha kanye intuthuko kwimikhakha ubuchwepheshe. Ngo-2007, Lagarde waqokwa UNgqongqoshe Wezolimo, bese - emnothweni.

Ukuqokwa lwekhanda IMF

Ngo-May 2011, Kristin Lagard yaphinde yamemezela inhloso yayo laba yinhloko -International Monetary Fund, kulandela ukwesula Dominique Strauss-Kahn. It sasekelwa eziningi umnotho ehamba phambili emhlabeni, e spsike okuhlanganisa amandla ezifana-United Kingdom, United States, e-India, Brazil, Russia, China ne Germany. Inhloko Bank of Mexico Augustin Carstens nakho okuye abaphakanyiselwe okuthunyelwe. Wayengeke abe ngowokuqala non-European kokuthunyelwe. candidacy yakhe sasekelwa emazweni amaningi asathuthuka. Nokho, ngo-June 28, 2011 IMF Executive Board wakhetha Lagarde njengoba umqondisi wenkampani ye-nhlangano. Waba ngowesifazane wokuqala ukubamba lokhu okuthunyelwe. I-United States asekelwe ukuqokwa okusheshayo inhloko entsha ye IMF ngenxa European isikweletu nenhlekelele. Nikolya Sarkozi ngokuthi ukuqokwa kulokhu okuthunyelwe wezwe lakubo France ukunqoba. Ngo-December 2015, kusho uNgqongqoshe wezeziMali Michel Sapin wathi Lagarde bahlale ikhanda lika IMF, ngaphakathi spite of amacala yobudedengu lobugebengu.

phezu ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla uphenyo

Ngo-August 2011, ukuqala kwecala indima Lagarde esivumelwaneni ukulamula umbango (izigidi ezingu-403-euro) esivuna usomabhizinisi Bernard Tapie. Ehlobo lika 2013th waseshwa efulethini lakhe. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili ephenywa ngemibuzo Lagarde yamemezela ubufakazi kuleli cala. Nokho, ngo-August 2014 yaqala uphenyo maqondana ukunganaki zobugebengu ingxenye uChristine Lagarde. Ikhomishana Investigative Amajaji amathathu ka iNkantolo Ephakeme ukuba ingabonakala ukuthi Lagarde icala iyathinteka nge "manga" futhi "ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwezimali zomphakathi." Disemba 17, 2015 kwamenyezelwa ukuthi kufanele nengalo yomthetho.

International Monetary Fund: isifinyezo inhlangano

IMF liyi-ejensi ezikhethekile ze-UN. Inhloso Its main - lokulawula ubudlelwane okwenza imali credit phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili. Namuhla amazwe 188. Esimweni ibhalansi kwabo izinkokhelo kusilela enikeziwe ukubolekisa semisebenzi kanye esimaphakathi ngamadola wase-US. Ukudalwa IMF wayengomunye walaba amaphuzu kwezivumelwano Bretton Woods, kuze kube manje, kuba uhlaka kwamaZwe.

Ukuze eceleni zezimali inhlangano zihlanganisa dollar, euro, okokuphrinta yen. Ngo-October 1, 2016 lizoshona ohlwini, kanye yuan Chinese. endlunkulu yayo itholakala e-United States. Inhloko samanje IMF - UChristine Lagarde, oseneminyaka ihhovisi kusukela 2011.

ukubukwa

Ngo-July 2010, Lagarde wathi lapho kuxoxwa udumo IMF hlelo ngoba amazwe aseYurophu kwabe kuyisu wokuvelela kakhulu, ezingalindelekile ngokuphelele futhi sobuntu sokuhlalisana ngokuthula. Ngokusho kwakhe, anawo-International Monetary Fund at kwaba amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu ukuthi wayesekulungele ukunikeza, uma kunesidingo, yiliphi izwe, kungaba iGreece, Spain noma ePortugal. Njengoba for France, Lagarde waphawula ukuthi esimweni saso bomdabu kuyadingeka ukuze zokwehlisa imali eshodayo kusabelozimali futhi inciphise izikweletu zangaphandle. Selokhu yathatha isikhundla sakhe, ngokushesha wagcizelela isidingo sokuba uhulumeni ngesiGreki ukuthatha izinyathelo nokhahlo kachesvto izimfanelo ngokusipha olunye usizo kusukela IMF. Ngo-2012, Lagarde wenqaba renegotiate isivumelwano. Nokho, ngo-2015 wayekade mathupha basiza ukubhala off the zangaphandle izikweletu yaseGrisi. Ngokuphathelene ukubukwa uChristine Lagarde, uchaza kubo nje: "Ngivumelana u-Adam Smith, futhi kungakho ovulekile." Ngesikhathi esifanayo asikwenzi kokuphazanyiswa uhulumeni ezindabeni emnothweni ngokuya emakethe izinkinga.

"Izikweletu kumelwe abuyiselwe"

Lapho kuxoxwa naye ngoMeyi, Lagarde iminyaka anamabini amawaka, nanye ubudala ebuzwa crisis eGreece. Abaningi bashaqeka by impendulo yakhe. Lagarde dryly ubeke amazwana ukuba khona amaqiniso ukukhokha intela kuleli zwe. It yaphawula ukuthi Greece uye waphila Ngaboleka imali kuhle, kodwa manje sekuyisikhathi ningasakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu. Ukusabela ngale ndlela kulimale abantu abaningi kakhulu. Ukuthambisa isitatimende sakhe, Lagarde ekhasini ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi waveza ukuthi onozwela kakhulu abantu ngesiGreki.

Le entry ngelanga yazuza 10,000 amazwana, eziningi zazo okwakungeze okuyichilo. Abaningi wabhala ukuthi abantu ngesiGreki akudingeki uzwela Lagarde. Ubuqotho Bombhalo UProfesa Dzhon Viks wabuye wathi kakhulu ikhanda lika IMF uthola ngonyaka 468.000 aseMelika, okuyinto ngokuvamile ezingamukeleki intela.