Le ndawo yeNdiya. amaqiniso eziningana ezindawo

India (elinye igama - bharata) - enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu ensimini ka-United emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyizwe isiko eside kangaka, kodwa ukuthi Kungashiwo kufanele ihlonipheke "sombuso impucuko." impumelelo India ezikhathini zasendulo futhi medieval ku imithi, isiko, izimfundiso zefilosofi nezenkolo baye baba nethonya elikhulu ku-ukuvela ukuqhubeka impucuko aseMpumalanga.

Ezinye izibalo

Indawo India ngempela ebanzi. Izwe esisuka 3214 km ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu futhi 2033 km entshonalanga uye empumalanga akuyona kuphela ezwekazini laseNdiya (South Asia), uqhekeko esingunxantathu silibangise enkangala e-Indian Ocean, kodwa futhi ihlanganisa iziqhingi eningizimu-mpumalanga yoLwandle Arabian. Uma siqhathanisa usayizi India ngekota. km kanye labantu, kuba sobala ukuthi leli yizwe kakhulu ezinabantu abaningi. It lifaka lesibili emhlabeni ngokuya labantu futhi insimu - lwesikhombisa kuphela.

Indawo India sq. km - ezingaphezu kuka-3 000 000. I-Population - 1,220,800,359 (idatha kusuka 2013). Kubalandeli of izinombolo ezithile ucacise lokho endaweni India zonyaka 2014 bungakanani 3.287.263 square metres. km. I imingcele yamazwe nge kulamazwe alandelayo: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Bhutan, Nepal, eBurma neBangladesh. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwandle amavesi ahlukaniswe India besuka eSri Lanka futhi Indonesia.

labantu

Ukwakheka National wehlukile. A ndawo enkulukazi eyayihlala Dravidians yeNdiya, Telugu, Marathi, Hindustanis, Bengali nezizwe eziningi ezincane kanye nobuzwe. Mayelana 80% wabo - amaSulumane, cishe ngo-14% - amaKristu, kukhona amaSikh namaBuddha. Izilimi eziningi ezazikhulunywa abantu India, isimo neyaziwayo 18 Ulimi olusemthethweni wezwe - English-Hindi.

Iminyaka yokuphila kwabantu ngoba amadoda e-India - okuyisilinganiso seminyaka engu-58, abesifazane - 59. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka eledlule, amadoda njalo kancane ngaphezu kwabesifazane (1000 kuya 929). Ngo namashumi okugcina eminyaka yawo amabili sibonga ekhulwini ekuthuthukiseni imithi kanye nekwentiwa ncono emazingeni ekuphila kwamaNdiya bempilo licishe laphindeka kabili.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izwe liyaqhubeka kutintfo lokuzalwa izinga ngenxa kwezinkambiso yokuziphatha nezenzo zenkolo futhi ezingeni eliphansi ukufunda nokubhala, okuholela voltage ka isimo yezibalo.

Isimo namuhla

Ayisebenzi, yonke indawo India sehlukaniswe uthi (zikhona 28), futhi kukhona 7 inyunyana izindawo. division State kwaba ihlelwe kabusha ngo-1956 lonke izikhathi wamakoloni. Imingcele ezifundeni ezintsha kwakheka kwi imigqa kazwelonke namalimi wemiphakathi. Naphezu kancane kancane athuthuke izindinganiso eziphilayo kuleli zwe kwamaNdiya zisengaphansi iningi bukhoma ngaphasi kwelizinga lebuphuya. 2/3 sabantu emhlabeni nge kancane, abahlala eNdiya. Ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu sabantu - ezolimo. India - okwazalelwa nabaphakeli labalulekile eluLwimi ezimakethe zomhlaba wezolimo izitshalo eziningi: umoba, irayisi, ukotini. futhi kunendima eyinhloko ekukhiqizeni itiye, amantongomane nokunye. n. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo kuyinto linothe kakhulu kwezokumbiwa. Izitoke kwamalahle kanye manganese Ore lapha - okungenye yezinkundla ezinkulu kunazo zonke elotshwe emhlabeni.

umnotho

Khanyisa umkhakha eNdiya kukhona kokubili amabhizinisi yesimanje kanye wezandla. Ngesikhathi emhlabeni odumile Indian izindwangu ukotini, usilika langa, lesikhumba, uboya, ubucwebe. Indawo ehamba phambili e nokukhishwa kwemikhiqizo basonta namatshe ayigugu futhi ephuma kabili esiyigugu, ubuhle lapho lizwe ngobulungisa uyaziqhenya.

Kuwo wonke umbuso, idolobha kanye indawo ngayinye has ukukhiqizwa ayo izikebhe. UHulumeni India ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa emikhakheni eyehlukene ngokusebenzisa ukusungulwa amapaki zezimboni - ezindaweni izintela aphansi kanye intengo umhlaba. Iyunithi yemali yezwe iyona rupee Indian.

Nasi geography

Cishe yonke indawo eNdiya Deccan Plateau ithatha. Engxenyeni esenyakatho isimo likhulu kunawo wonke uhlelo entabeni emhlabeni - zaseHimalaya. Cishe 3/4 kule nhlonhlo kuhlala emathafeni futhi Amathafa ku ngasentshonalanga, nasempumalanga nokuntula ezintabeni. Imifula main - iGanges, i-Indus Brahmaputra futhi deltas ayo avundile baphakathi ezindaweni elinabantu abaningi kakhulu yezwe.

Isimo sezulu enhlonhlweni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo yezimvula elachithwa 70 ku-90% kuzo zonke izinkambiso kwezulu. Shillong Plateau India ubhekwa endaweni ezinemvula eningi kunazo zonke emazwekazini omhlaba.

Izitshalo zinokuphila okunempilo uvezwa njengoMahluleli amathafa, emaqeleni futhi entabeni ezimfundeni, futhi amahlathi esuka AmaConifers ukuba siluhlaza ezishisayo, ezihlanganisa cishe 1/4 of yonke insimu yabo.

Nezilwane wehlukile eNdiya kwanoma iyiphi enye emhlabeni. abameleli Abaningi nezilwane kuleli zwe iziqu njengelingcwele, ukubulala kwabo asivumelekile, ngakho ngokuvamile emizini kanye emigwaqweni kungabonwa izinkomo bamisa ngokukhululekile, izinkawu, ezihlukahlukene izinyoni.

Emahlathini eseningizimu yezwe kuyagcinwa ngisho nemihlambi izindlovu zasendle, ngezinye izikhathi kunezindlela obhejane cishe yokuqothulwa ngisho amahlosi. India - umnikazi we-esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni imfuyo (izinkomo, izimbuzi, Buffaloes, amakamela). izilwane Engcwele futhi kubhekwe izindlovu, okuyinto kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo angaphansi ukuqeqeshwa.

India - emangalisayo ezweni exotic ekhangayo kakhulu izivakashi, ngalinye elikwazi uzothola kuwo okuthile eyabo.