Labantu Novy Urengoy: incazelo, ukwakheka, ukuqashwa kanye nenani

Elinye lamadolobha abasha Russia - Novy Urengoy - Namuhla sikhombisa ukukhula ozinzile futhi ukuchuma kwezomnotho. Negesi dolobha yalelo zwe libhekene izici ezithile labantu bayo, kuba uxhumene umlando, isimo sezulu kanye izici imisebenzi esifundeni.

Geography nesimo sezulu

Urengoy okusha ise Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District of yaseTyumen. Endaweni lomuzi 221 sq. km. Le gesi itholakala enhlokodolobha yase 2350 km kusuka eMoscow 450 km kusuka Salekhard. Leli dolobha km kusuka kwe-Arctic Circle 60 kuphela, futhi ulala ibhange kwesokunxele lomfula lePhure, e confluence ne emfuleni Evo-Yahoo. Lesi sivumelwano welulela ogwini flat. indawo imifula yalo ageleze Tamchara-Yaha Yaha futhi Sede, okuyinto uhlukanise umuzi ibe izingxenye wasenyakatho nowaseningizimu futhi. Umhlaba emhlabeni Urengoy kakhulu amanzi, kanye ukunwetshwa kwemingcele umuzi kunzima, kodwa usaqhubeka ukuba kancane kancane uwine kusuka imvelo sushi izicucu.

Labantu Novy Urengoy uhlala ezindaweni sezulu elibuhlungu. Kukhona esishintshashintshayo ezimbili zezulu bukhomba: nokulinganisela Arctic. Isilinganiso lokushisa lonyaka emzini kuyinto lokususa 4.7 degrees. Long, ezingu-9, ebusika zihlukaniswa kobukhulu okukhulu. Thermometer angehla lokususa 45. Ebusika ngokuvamile kweziphepho blizzards. Isilinganiso lokushisa ubusika kugcinwa emhlabeni degrees 20. Summer ihlala kuphela izinsuku ezingu-35, emoyeni ukufuthelana isilinganiso lamadigri 15. Leli dolobha ezonini Iqhwa, ehlobo inhlabathi thaws kuphela ka 1.5-2 amamitha ukujula. I emfushane imini amahora Novy Urengoy ihlala isikhathi esingaphezudlwana nje kwehora.

indaba

Novy Urengoy, lapho bantfu bahlala khona lapho kushisa nokhahlo kangaka, uvele kumephu ngo-1973. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba lokho lapho yayikhona a Urengoy isiphetho, eduze kwayo ngo-1966 wathola igesi ensimini. Settlement belilokhu likhona kusukela 1949, wahlala khona abakhi ujantshi kusukela Salekhard ukuze Igarka. Nokho, ngemva kokufa kukaStalin, iphrojekthi okulahlekile, futhi okwangaleso sikhathi izindlu kwakufanele ungahlalwa muntu. Khona-ke wahlala agugile emabhalekisini zesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba. Kwakungenxa nje ekuqaleni ukuthuthukiswa ensimini labantu uqala ukwandisa.

Ezakhamuzi zokuqala ezahlala leli dolobhana elisha ngokuthi babe abakhi bakhe ngubani wakanisa km 100 edolobhaneni Urengoy, walibiza ngokuthi "Novy Urengoy". Izisebenzi Into yokuqala labetibambile igesi Ukushisa, bese wakhela ngowokuqala eliphezulu liphumele izakhiwo. Kwabe sekufika esiteshini amandla, ebhikawozi, ngonyaka Yakhiwa sezindiza, eminyakeni emibili kusukela Surgut sesigcwele kujantshi. ukukhiqizwa gas zezimboni waqala ngo-1978. lemiqulu emikhulu isizinda "fuel blue" ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha Novy Urengoy.

Kakade 1980 edolobhaneni wathola isimo ezisemthethweni edolobheni. Ngo-1981 edolobheni waklonyeliswa Zonke-Union Komsomol ukwakhiwa, lapha siya eziningi intsha kusuka ezweni lonke. Ngo-1983 ayethunywe iphayiphi igesi "Urengoy - Pomary - Uzhgorod", okuyinto wavula indlela yokuba igesi Russian ziye eNtshonalanga Yurophu okwesikhashana. Ngo-90-yalolucwaningo esifundeni bedele dolobha yangasese, futhi kunomthelela omuhle nokuthuthukisa umuzi. Ngo-2004, idolobha lase-"ugxile" nemizana Korotchaevo futhi Limbyayakha. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, le Novy Urengoi yaba umuzi ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni - ubude bayo babuzingalo ezingaphezu kuka-80 km.

division Political

division Esemthethweni lalowo muzi kwathiwa eyenziwa njalo elula womhlaba, edolobheni kuhlanganisa izindawo ezifana yokuhlala North, Northern Industrial Area, ephilayo Southern, Western Industrial Zone naseMpumalanga Industrial Zone. Labantu Novy Urengoy evamile uhlukanisa edolobheni zibe izingxenye ezimbili: "yuzhku" futhi "Severka". Ezindaweni abelwe izingxenye abamelwe ezifana umfundi, inethemba lokuhle, Sozidateley, Star, yama-Olympic, Rainbow, Hope, Ubungane, Yagelnaya omakhelwane. Ubude kuze kube manje, umuzi has 32 endaweni, futhi 5 emizaneni.

ingqalasizinda ezisemadolobheni

Novy Urengoy lakhiwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso yesimanje, kukhona izindlela ezibanzi, imigwaqo ekahle. Labantu Novy Urengoy ukuze uvikele ngokugcwele ezidingekayo ekuphileni inkonzo futhi izinhlangano zamasiko. 7 amagatsha izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme abasebenza lapha, 23 izikhungo yesibili zemfundo. izidingo Cultural sabantu ihlangabezana Museum yobuciko, zokubukela amabhayisikobho eziningana. Kukhona athuthukiswe kahle ezokuthutha izixhumanisi, yidolobha lapho acishe never Jams. Isikhumulo sezindiza, ujantshi kanye emfuleni zokuhamba ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana kahle esifundeni nezinye izingxenye zezwe. Labantu Novy Urengoy ukunikeza ngokugcwele ukwelashwa edolobheni zikhona 11 zezempilo kanye ezingeni kahle ukuqeqeshwa odokotela. I abahlonishwayo phakathi izakhamuzi zedolobha ezemidlalo imfundo ngokomzimba, ezemidlalo orientation 17 izikhungo ukuvumela abantu abayizinkulungwane 25 njalo wahlanganyela izinhlobo ezahlukene umzimba.

Dynamics labantu

observation esihleliwe izakhamuzi eziningi edolobheni sezenziwe kusukela 1979. Ngokuvamile, Novy Urengoy, labantu okuyinto cishe njalo anda, okubonisa ukuthuthukiswa ezinhle. Eminyakeni yonke inkathi observation, yaphawula inani enamaphuzu amathathu ukwehla. Lesi isikhathi kusuka 1996 kuya ku-2000, lapho lonke fixed Dynamics engakhi labantu. Eyesibili yokwehla kakhulu kwenzeka ngo-2010, lapho izakhamuzi eziningi kwehle ngo-abantu abayizinkulungwane 14. Isikhathi owesithathu kanye Dynamics negative waphawula namuhla, kwaqala ngo-2014, futhi kuze kube iziphathimandla ukushintsha isimo akunakwenzeka. Ekuqaleni 2016 isibalo abakhileyo Novy Urengoy kuyinto 111 163 abantu. Ngenxa ngokwezinga enkulu ezisemadolobheni endaweni ukwanda kwabantu kuyinto ngempela ongaphakeme - 470 abantu ngamunye 1 sq. km.

Ukwakheka yohlanga ulimi

Novy Urengoy - idolobha elinabantu bezizwe ezihlukahlukene. Ngenxa yokuthi le ndawo kwamiswa ngezithukuthuku izivakashi ezivela ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zezwe, lapho kwakukhona khona isimo yobuhlanga ambalwa kuka ezindaweni eziningi Russian. Ngakho, inani labantu Novy Urengoy, othi isiRashiya, kuyinto 64%. Ukraine bazibize phakathi kwabantu cishe 11%. 5% we lonke inani izakhamizi bakha Tatar, 2.6% - Nogays, 2% - Kumyks Azerbaijanis, 1.7% - Bashkirs. I nezinye izizwe babe ngaphansi kuka-1% ngamunye. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu ukwehluka lobuzwe, oyinhloko, uma hhayi kuphela ulimi olukhulunywa esifundeni - Russian.

Ubudala futhi ubulili labantu izici

ERussia, inani isilinganiso amadoda kuyo yonke indawo engaphansi kuka isibalo sabesifazane. Novy Urengoy, lapho labantu onezici ezithile, angena ngalo mkhuba omusha, kodwa inzuzo isilinganiso mayelana 1.02 (49.3% abesilisa 50,7% abesifazane), ngesikhathi izwe abanesibalo ngendlela abesifazane namadoda athile kuyinto 1.2 -1,4.

Ubudala izici esifundeni futhi ihluke isimo lonke. Kuyinto idolobha ngenombolo enkulu izingane, 23% abantu bakuleli batholakale - izingane kuze iminyaka engu-15. 19% abantu bakuleli batholakale - abahlala abaseminyakeni yokusebenza. Ngakho, i-ratio ukuncika ngayinye izakhamuzi ukusebenza lomuzi 1.4, okuyinto ngaphansana ezindaweni eziningi kuleli zwe.

Izibalo zabantu Novy Urengoy

Nenzalo nokufa - kukhona izinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu lokubala ubuningi babantu yentuthuko kwezenhlalo nezomnotho esifundeni. Novy Urengoy lokuzalwa izinga 15.4 per ayizinkulungwane abantu. A ngokwempilo yangenyama namuhla ligcinwe irekhodi 3.8 ngamunye izinkulungwane abantu. Umnyaka imidiyeni edolobheni - iminyaka engu-36. Ngakho, inani labantu emzini Novy Urengoy ubonisa ukukhula yemvelo, futhi ikuvumela ukuba niwayise ezikhulayo anti-ukuguga uhlobo nemizana, ngenkathi izwe kakhulu lokushona kwabantwana ngaphambi izinga lokuzalwa. Nokho, isikhathi empilweni esifundeni akuyona kahle, izakhamuzi isilinganiso Novy Urengoy siphile izimpilo emifushane kunaloyo lotfolwa ngibo bonkhe abaseRussia, iminyaka 2-3.

ukuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalo nezomnotho Novy Urengoy

Isifunda has ezingeni lelisetulu ukuthuthukiswa, lokhu kwandisa operation esitebeleni of igesi ezikhishwe Ingaphakathi emhlabeni. Zithengiswe, kuyimisebenzi eyinhloko labantu Novy Urengoy - umsebenzi ekukhiqizeni igesi kanye zokuhamba izimboni. Isifunda seyihlanganisa 75% of the gas ekhiqizwa kuleli zwe. Ngo imboni yezamandla Novy Urengoy has mayelana izinkulungwane izinkampani ezahlukene.

Futhi, umnotho omuzi is asathuthuka kancane kancane ngenxa emkhakheni wemisebenzi. Novy Urengoy has ibhizinisi lalo ukwenziwa yobisi, ukudla okunoshukela kanye nenyama imikhiqizo. izinkampani Izikhungo futhi akha ingxenye ezinhle elikhulayo ezimakethe zakuleli. Izinzuzo enkulu nangaphezulu umsebenzi sabantu kunikeza okudayisa. Novy Urengoy kahle esiphiwe amabhizinisi abalulekile emphakathini futhi amazinga kahle eliphezulu inkokhelo isilinganiso. Konke lokhu eyenza lomuzi yindawo ehehayo ukuhlala nokuzalwa kwezingane.

umsebenzi

Isimo nge abangasebenzi ligubha umsebenzi isikhungo Novy Urengoy labantu. Inhlangano ine kweminyaka eminingi ithumba yizinga eliphansi kakhulu abangasebenzi, kuba 0.5-0.6% ngoba kwesilinganiso sikazwelonke-4.5%. Employment Centre (okusha Urengoy) uphawula ukuthi ukufunwa abasebenzi emzini awasuthi ngokugcwele, kukhona njalo okungenani eziyinkulungwane 15 izikhala. Kunzima ukuthola umsebenzi yiyona abantu amakhono ezingavamile, njenge iwayini-abenzi, kanye ezinye inkinga yokungatholi umsebenzi endaweni okukhethekile abesifazane nakho eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-35 nge esisodwa noma ezimbili educations ephakeme.