Kwabonakala izimoto ezinkulu zamasosha we Wehrmacht: Ukucaciswa nezithombe

Kwabonakala izimoto ezinkulu zamasosha we Wehrmacht (amabutho aseJalimane ahlomile) uvelele impela ngokuvumelana nalokho ke umqondo German kwesicelo sabo. Enkulumweni ukulwa ibhanoyi lokuqala wafakwa firepower futhi ukuhamba phambili. I last kuhlelwe ukunikeza zempi ngenxa ukushuba encane. Nokho, ukuvikela kwakumelwe akwazi ukumelana namandla amachashazi udibi Ukubhoboza ixoshe kusuka izibhamu osezingeni isibhamu. Phakathi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala ngenxa phambi izibhamu baba static. Ngakho-ke theorists nomuzwa wokuthi Ukuvikelwa inhlamvu uzobuya ukuhamba efanele amabutho.

Ukwephula iSivumelwano SaseVersailles

Ngokusho iSivumelwano SaseVersailles, mina siboshwa ngemva kokunqotshwa eJalimane e neMpi Yezwe I, izwe okwakwenqatshelwe ukungenisa ukukhiqizwa amathangi neminye imishini efanayo. Kodwa amaJalimane i- ngasese ukugwenywa ngo-1925, sethula iphrojekthi "ugandaganda elikhulu." Waba yini umphumela walesi hlelo yilezi amathangi eziyisithupha, okuyinto ababuthelwa ngokugcwele ekuqaleni 1929. Kodwa ukuhlolwa eJalimane kwakungenakwenzeka, ngakho izimoto ukulwa bathunyelwa eSoviet Union (ithangi esikoleni eduze Kazan). Ngemva ensimini ukuhlola onjiniyela German baye kucatshangelwe yonke amaphutha, ukuze ukukhanya esikhathini esizayo, aphakathi nendawo kanye amathangi elisindayo Wehrmacht baba ephelele okuningi. EJalimane, i-ukukhiqizwa yokuphisa izimoto kulwa isizukulwane sokuqala.

Pz.I

Eyokuqala amathangi German Pz.I ingeyamakhosi isigaba yokukhanya. Ukuba lula design yabo futhi amanani aphansi kuzoholela ekukhiqizweni. indlela ye elihambayo kuphela Kwakungelula. Ethangini kuqala wangena zokuthuthukisa kuphela ngo-1930 ngaphansi kwegama ikhodi "ugandaganda Small". Chassis ngaphambilini ngokuqinile "Krupp". Ukuze umsebenzi usheshe ukukhiqizwa amaJalimane wanquma ukusebenzisa ikhophi IsiZulu ukumiswa ithangi "Carden-Loyd." Ukuze silondoloze ekusithekeni zonke izingxenye kwathengwa ngokusebenzisa inkampani umlamuli. Kodwa ekugcineni, onjiniyela German baye akalindanga lokhu kumiswa okwesikhashana, recreating imidwebo yayo nezithombe uzakwabo ngesiNgisi. Khona-ke obumbi emhlabeni uye ehlile inqubo zokukhiqiza, kanye ukukhiqizwa ochungechungeni sokuqala senzeka kuphela ngo-1934. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, amaNazi zazibheka umkhakha German ukwakha amathangi i uzuza esizayo. Ngezenzo ithangi wavula izikole ukuqeqeshwa abashayeli. Germany wayelungiselela neMpi Yezwe II.

ukuguqulwa lokuqala

Ekupheleni kuka-1935 Wehrmacht amathangi, isithombe ehambisana isihloko, ziye zafinyelela inani amayunithi 720. bonke bangena ukuhlomisa ukulwa ukwahlukana kwakhiwa ngawo lowo nyaka. Ngo-1936, ezintathu kuzo zazisekelwe division armored, okuyinto amaNazi kwangeniswa isimo ukulwa ukulungela egcwele.

Nokho, Pz.I tank kudingeka ilungiswe. Onjiniyela baye babonisa ukungabi namandla ethize (inani 11 l. C. Per ton). Lokhu inkinga ixazululiwe ngokufaka esikhundleni motor ubudala injini entsha (100 l. C.) ngu ngokuqinile "Maibach". Ethangini asekelayo ukumiswa esikhundleni ezivamile roller oyivila wanezela. Imodeli entsha yakhethwa Pz.I Ausf.B. ikhishwe waqala maphakathi no-1936, futhi zingakapheli izinyanga eziyishumi nambili entsha Panzer Division lalinabashumayeli Ushintshe 1175 izingcezu.

Pz.II

Emuva ngo-1933, ubuholi German uye waqaphela ukuthi abasebenzi ukwahlukana uzobe ngendlela engenathemba imisiwe. Ukuze amathangi we Wehrmacht kufika e inani elanele, onjiniyela ayeyalwe ukuba ukusebenza imodeli entsha ukukhanya. It is esigama La.S. 100, kodwa ngemva kokuba hit ezingalweni division iqanjwe kabusha Pz.II. AmaNazi awazange abe yasekuqaleni futhi kuthathwe njengoba ethangini prototype Pz.I. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi imoto entsha - umbhoshongo omkhulu. Lokhu anda kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwezikhali: isibhamu kwesokunxele salandelwa nge isibhamu ngokuzenzekelayo 20 mm. Wayefuna ukusungula omunye imodeli esizukulwane Pz.I lokuqala, kodwa yena kwaba seduze kakhulu kuye.

Yiqiniso, injongo eyinhloko izingalo isibhamu - ekulweni amathangi isitha. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu wukuthi izihlangu isitha wezikhali izibhamu babe engenamsebenzi ngokumelene inganono isibhamu. Rapid-kokudubula anti-tank isibhamu yisona sikhali esiyingozi esikhathini esiningi. izinhlamvu zayo kwaba ifakwe projectiles ephezulu obhubhisayo udibi ukubhoboza.

Pz.III

Ukuthuthukiswa naphakathi ithangi Pz.III waqala ngo-1933. Ekupheleni kuka-1935 inkampani "Daimler-Benz" unqobile ithenda ukuze kwakhiwe izindlu eziyizi 25 yochungechunge ukufakwa. Izinqaba abangu olunikezwa "Krupp". Ngemva kokudedelwa iphuma okokuqala kucaca nedovedonnost ukulwa imoto design. amathangi Wehrmacht ayedinga ngcono. Kwathatha onjiniyela iminyaka emithathu.

Uchungechunge lokuqala elincane-olunezinombolo zazinomklamo ezithakazelisayo ngokuya yezikhali, izibhamu ezimbili abangu abhanqiwe ephethe isibhamu, kanti eyesithathu yayisesigodini ethangini izindlu. Imishini ifakwe 14.5 mm zempi inhlamvu. Futhi ukumiswa abangaphelele encishisiwe ukuhamba ku ezindaweni ezimbi. Ngokuvamile, ngalinye elisha ukuguqulwa Pz.III amaJalimane alethwe sisondela ethangini okuyinto efanelekayo ekukhiqizweni.

Impumelelo kulezi kwaba umshini lokulwa Pz.III Ausf.E. Ngenxa yokuthi chassis yakhelwe by "Daimler-Benz", lokhu ithangi kwaba the best izinga emhlabeni Ukugibela nesivinini eliphakeme - 68,1 km / h. A zempi kwagcizelela (6 cm) futhi esinamandla 50-mm isibhamu, okwenza kube nengwenya kakhulu yokulwa umshini ngaleso sikhathi. Leli qiniso kwaqinisekiswa eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, lapho abacwaningi ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe amathangi ashuthwa esikhathini Wehrmacht.

Pz.IV

Lwakhiwe nge "Krupp" ukusekela ukukhanya futhi Pz.III ophansi. Ngenxa yalesi ithangi behlome ngemibese 75 mm ubukhulu isikhali 24 futhi ezimbili izibhamu. Ngokukhethekile sakhokhwa ukumiswa kwakhe onjiniyela. Sekuyisikhathi eside Lalibhema leaf iziphethu namasondo komgwaqo, angakawamukeli i cishe ephelele vibration Damping. Akukona ngisho zidinga ukufakwa ukushaqeka ezidayiswayo.

Kwabonakala izimoto ezinkulu zamasosha Wehrmacht Pz.IV babe enkulu kunazo zonke emlandweni eJalimane. Akekho-German wempi akuzange wathola ukusabalala esifanayo, ngaphambi noma ngemva kwempi.

isiphetho

Kusukela maphakathi 1943 amathangi we Wehrmacht ku Eastern Front waqala ukuthatha isikhundla ukuzivikela. Empeleni, zonke Battalion 'sasiyizinhlamvu okuhamba ngezine »(Pz.IV). AmaJalimane balahlekelwa esindayo, futhi isimo inqubo kwakunzima ngenxa yezinkinga usuku ngalunye oludlulayo. Ngakho kangangokuba, ukuthi esikhundleni amathangi baqala ukusebenzisa lokushaya izikhali. Ngo-1944, baba ehlome Battalion lonke. Yiqiniso, isibhamu ukushaya uphelele ukwesekwa umlilo, kodwa abakwazanga ukusebenza kanye umugqa amathangi ngenxa arc elilinganiselwe umlilo. Ngenxa yalokho, lonke isakhiwo senhlangano ye-Battalion ithangi ngaquleka. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, ukulwa wadala amaqembu impi yosuku olulodwa eziningana izikhali nokushaya izimoto ukulwa. Ngemva kokunqotshwa Wehrmacht amaNazi amathangi kweMpi Yezwe II kwabhujiswa. Labo ibekwe anawo amasosha aseSoviet ngo-.

Namuhla, siye echazwe zonke amathangi esemqoka ye Wehrmacht 1941-1945. Yiqiniso, siwenza kafushane, kusukela lonke inani Imininingwane afakwe nokuzabalaza emincane isihloko iDemo akunakwenzeka. Ngolwazi oluthe xaxa nge wathi amasu kungcono ukuba baphendukele mathiriyeli encyclopedia lempi.