Kwabonakala izimoto ezinkulu zamasosha kweMpi Yezwe II, American. has kanjani amathangi kanye nokuthi babukeka kanjani manje?

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi babekezelela amabutho shock we Wehrmacht yabusa iRed Army futhi abantu iSoviet, umbimbi US namanje nikwenzile lokulwa abanye. Yiqiniso, bona ukuthi impi (ukuze akazange akhulume blockbusters zakamuva) yasungulwa ikakhulukazi endaweni Pacific.

Ngezindlela eziningi, amaJapane ubuqotho futhi imali sina ne Unikeza Ubufakazi-zokuqashisa eyabasiza amathangi Second neMpi Yezwe. izimoto American Awaziwa kanye, kodwa ezinye zazo kwawo yayiphawuleka ukusebenza okuhle.

amathangi ukukhanya

Njengoba sazi ukuthi unjiniyela edume Christie njengoba isikhathi kwaba yaseMelika, akuyona ngokuchichima ngokumangalisayo amathangi ukukhanya e-United States. Sekube ezine, singabali imali efanele ezihlukahlukene zokulungisa.

M3 "uStuart"

Lezi ukukhanya amathangi American zadalwa ngo-1940, futhi sasetshenziswa njengophawu isisekelo "Cavalry" M1 kanye ithangi M2A4 ukukhanya. Sakhiwo kwaba zakudala: Mto yayisesigodini ezingemuva chassis, egumbini nezisebenzi kanye nezilawuli babe phakathi umshini, roller ehola ligcinwe ekhaleni.

I chassis esetshenziswe ejwayelekile isixazululo American ngesikhathi: ezinamasondo amane encane twin ohlangothini ngalunye, kanye amasondo ayo, luqiniswe iziphethu enamandla. Sikebhe futhi turret zazenziwe ishidi abavamile zempi nge Welding futhi riveting. Ukwakhiwa kwezikhali - emihlanu "Browning" ka 7,62 mm 37 mm ubukhulu inganono.

ukuguqulwa kwakhe M3A3 zokugcina, wadedelwa ngo-1942. Esikhundleni ezinhlanu izibhamu kwesokunxele ezintathu kuphela. Ngo womshini imodeli isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko Welding, zempi amashidi kwahlelwa nge eyehlelayo okunengqondo. Kuthathwa ngobuningi ukukhanya ithangi emhlabeni, ngoba nje kweminyaka embalwa wakhululwa cishe izinkulungwane 24 izimoto. Baningi "uStuart" wakhululwa USSR ngaphansi Unikeza Ubufakazi-zokuqashisa. Kwamanye amazwe ase-South America, "Oldies" kungabonwa enkonzweni kuze kube 90s kwekhulu lama-20.

M5 "Stewart"

Kuyinto ukuqhubeka imibono ehlanganiswe M3A3 ngaphezulu. Empeleni, lo legatsha American amathangi ngokuvamile ifana, njengoba onjiniyela wazama ukusebenzisa isixazululo kungase kutholakale kuphela (ekukhiqizweni). Enkonzweni kwaba zisesenjalo 37 mm isibhamu ezintathu "Browning" ka 7,62 mm. Ngalesi sikhathi isibhamu kwaba ifakwe umugqa isimame ifihlekile.

Tank ngokuyisisekelo ukuhluka eyandulela elisha amandla plant, unikezwe ezimbili izinjini likaphethiloli eliyindilinga-V ne Ukupholisa ngomoya ketshezi, umklamo ngokuphelele entsha zonke sikebhe futhi turret, kanye amadivayisi amasha nokulawula.

I-M22 "Lezinkumbi"

Ngo-1944, uma sicabangela esiphuthumayo abadinga Airborne ukwahlukana izikhali zakhe siqu yasungulwa futhi ezamukelwe ngu-M22 "Lezinkumbi". Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo-US ukukhanya amathangi kwahluka kancane kusukela M3. Sakhiwo uselokhu ngokuphelele ezifanayo, ukudluliswa, eziqondisa kanye drive ezinamasondo ziphambi kunjalo, ukwehlukana crew - phakathi, futhi izinjini atholiwe at the ezingemuva.

Kwakuthinta uhlaziywe ngokuphelele nomklamo powerplant kuphela, njengoba lalisetshenziswa six-cylinder esebenzisa u-petrol injini, eyayintula twist ovundlile isilinda ilungiselelo. It is uvunyelwe ukwenza wonke ithangi lincane kakhulu, ekunciphiseni ngalé kwalo futhi Ubukhulu jikelele. I isibhamu azishintshile. Indawo kanye nomklamo rollers ziye ngofuzo M3. bengavilaphi kuphela enziwa okukhulu ngaphezulu, abhanqiwe nge ephezulu iziphethu.

I-M24 "Chaffee"

Lezi amathangi American iMpi Yezwe II yaqala ukuba ikhishwe ngo-1944. Uma kucatshangelwa rethinking ngendima amathangi ukukhanya yasetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ngokuthi kwesimo endaweni kanye kokwehla. Babefanele eziningi izingxenye kanye izingxenye M3 kanye M5 (bamba wokubacindezela futhi gearbox athathwa ngokuphelele), kodwa njengoba injalo futhi ukwakhiwa kwezikhali kakhulu lihluke ezazingaphambi kwayo. Sikebhe futhi turret enziwa ngendlela kuphela ashiselwe. zempi amashidi ahlelwe at engele njengoba low ngangokunokwenzeka.

Esikhathini phambi eliphezulu ingemuva benziwa kubhaklazeka omkhulu ukwenza ukuphila kube lula ukulungisa izingxenye. Lesi sikhathi lalisetshenziselwa ngazimbili ezinhlanu ezinamasondo kanye ngabanye ukumiswa torsion hlobo. Insimbi main kwaba enamandla 75 mm isibhamu. Njengoba kunguJesu abhanqiwe 7.62-mm machine gun Browning. Enye efanayo umshini ngesibhamu aboshelwe phambi ingxenye ethangini. Uphahla aqalwa ukukhwezwa 12.7 mm antiaircraft machine gun Browning M2NV. Ukuze labadubuli we isibhamu kwaba ngqo, wasebenzisa wokubacindezela isimame uhlelo uhlobo "Westinghouse".

amathangi okulingene

Kwakumelwe eziqinile, amathangi kangcono armored Second neMpi Yezwe. izimoto American kulesi sigaba wazenzela igama ngenxa "Sherman", okuyinto wayethandwa futhi amasosha ethu. Indlela yokuthola Veterans owalwela ku inqubo Union T-34 kule nguqulo Deluxe. Nokho, izinto zokuqala kuqala.

M3 "Isibonelelo"

Ethangini naphakathi lokuqala, abantu abaningi engena inkonzo. Ngokuvamile M3 "Isibonelelo" kuyinto udidekile ne M3 "uStuart". Yiqiniso, amathangi American (isithombe ephepheni) ubheke amakilasi ahlukene ngokuphelele. Isici esiyinhloko kuyinto-level ezintathu (!) Indawo izikhali. I sponson phezu uqimba ephansi, eyayibekwe 75 mm ne Gun engela ekhombe thwi degrees 32.

Esitezi sesibili - lo turret 37 mm isibhamu Yiqiniso isibhamu. Izinga lesithathu imelelwa esinye nesinye ngezinkibaniso turret machine gun kuyiphi kwakunokwenzeka ukucindezela ngempumelelo kokubili phansi kanye nemigomo sisemoyeni. Ngakho, ukuthuthukiswa amathangi American (nawaseSoviet ngesikhathi) balandela indlela kwandziswa kwelinani letikhungo imibhoshongo, kodwa lo mkhuba yasheshe kutholakala ukuthi unephutha.

Ukushintshanisa turret ne isibhamu 37 mm ayengenakusetshenziswa kuphela mechanical, kodwa futhi idrayivu wokubacindezela. isibhamu Kuqondile nqumela kuphela nge idrayivu lokukhanda. zokungcebeleka telescopic, amadivayisi observation zakhiwe iphethini prismatic. Phakathi womshini esetshenziswa thusi, Welding futhi riveting. Tower, sponson, futhi wonke phambi ingxenye kwaphonswa.

Ngenxa yalokho, amathangi American 2 izwe waphenduka akukholisi kakhulu: zempi ayinamandla, ukuphakama kakhulu, indawo olungafanele izikhali, izici ongaphakeme stellate izinjini izindiza (okuyinto onesifo akwanele).

Naphezu omningi izikhali firepower ngendlela yokuhlakanipha kwaba aphansi kakhulu. Ngesisindo sezinti imoto kwaba kucishe German "Tiger", kodwa ukusebenza ukulwa kwaba ezingeni ithangi ukukhanya.

Nokho, ithangi namanje bakamalalahlengezela ekhiqizwa 1939 kuya ku-1942, lapho bekwafika lapha ithoma bakamalalahlengezela sithathelwe indawo M4 - namathangi ngempumelelo seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. umshini American balesi sizukulwane zazingcono.

M4 "Sherman"

mass lesemkhatsini ithangi American Iningi, okuyinto laba bebehlome ngezibhamu kokubili BaseMelika AmaNgisi iRed Army. Lesi sakamuva wayethethelela kunonophiswe kubuye ngaphansi Unikeza Ubufakazi-zokuqashisa. isakhiwo ehlukene kakhulu futhi isikhali uhlelo kusukela imishini eyedlule. Layout kanye nomklamo kwamandla iyunithi kanye nokumisa kakhulu azishintshile, njengoba empini edingekayo ukuze alondoloze okusezingeni eliphezulu amazinga okukhiqiza. Mhlawumbe kwakungenxa okungcono ithangi American.

I chassis kukopishiwe ngokuphelele kusukela M3. Nokho, ngaphandle ukumiswa izinhlobo zokuqala ezinqoleni babesayenza kakhulu ukulungiswa: ngakho manje ezinamasondo asekelayo banamathela at the ezingemuva. Amagobolondo zazenziwa usebenzisa Welding kanye / noma ekusakazeni. Ngaphambili okuyingxenye ayesuka izingxenye ashiselwe futhi ukubunjwa kwabashiselayo kanye inganono osezingeni 75 mm ukuthi aboshelwe umbhoshongo, sekwenzelwa ngokuxosha.

Ekuqaleni, lezi amathangi American (ngenhla) ukubeka izinjini "Continental" nge hlobo lomoya-selehlile, kodwa bakamalalahlengezela waqothula umkhakha zezindiza, kodwa ngenxa amaMelika njalo kwakudingeka bafune izinhlobo ehlukile izinjini. Ngenxa yalokho, inani ukuguqulwa serial landa kakhulu. M4 "Sherman" Ngabamba iqembu labantu abayisihlanu. Phakathi emathangini avuzayo yasekhaya owalwela kule "imoto yakwelinye izwe", ithangi lifanelwe Izibuyekezo ezinhle.

Emathangini avuzayo, ikakhulukazi bathandile yokuqedela kwangaphakathi ikhwalithi kudla (kanye nogologo nogwayi ezinhle), okuyinto sasigcwele emotweni njengesipho. Ukuphila kwabantu abaningi ukulondolozwa njengoba zempi viscous okuyinto (ngokungafani T-34) akazange sidilike ngisho noma Ukungena yayo kuka evikelwe iqembu amanxeba zafinyelela kude izingcezu amanyela.

amathangi esindayo

Isimanga siwukuthi mlando eziningi zamasosha bakholelwa ukuthi US amathangi esindayo zazingekho isimiso. Kungokufanayo "Pershing", okuyinto kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso ithangi esindayo, ngesisindo, okuningi wawungaphansi German "Tiger". Nokho, saba cishe isimo esifanayo. Impendulo ilula - the Wehrmacht izimoto armored bahlukaniswe osezingeni, futhi thina baseMelika - ku isisindo salo.

tank M6

Inkinga kungagcini uchungechunge elincane eminyakeni 1941 futhi 1942. On izingalo ngokushesha wema izibhamu ezimbili: 76,2 mm 37 mm kwaqhuma oluhambisana ndawonye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ifakwe ezintathu esindayo izibhamu. Ukumiswa yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo ngazimbili ezine double ezinamasondo encane.

Kwakukhona izinguqulo ezintathu, kusukela ngosuku lokuqala okuyinto kwenziwa ngokuxosha izindlu, kanti kamuva sidluliselwe kuphela eliphezulu Welding, lapho akubona bonke amathangi Second neMpi Yezwe. izimoto American kulesi sici lizidlula kude zempi yasekhaya.

Isetshenziswa njengoba hydromechanical amandla ukudluliswa kanye nohlobo kagesi. Umbhoshongo senziwa ngokukhethekile ekusakazeni. Ukuzimelelisa Clumsy kakhulu futhi engazinzile ezimbili isibhamu izinhlelo, ngemuva umbhoshongo kwadingeka ukuba zinde kakhulu. cupola lomyali enikeziwe, nigibelise lokukhuphula i antiaircraft machine gun.

Sizongena ukusebenzisa umsakazo sasivumela eliphezulu futhi langaphakathi intercom uhlelo, wadala ngesisekelo eyakhe. Ngokuvamile, umklamo kwaba ngokucacile kwehlulekile: izikhali kulolu hlobo of tank kwaba zempi ababuthakathaka waba mncane, futhi ukuphakama - likhulu kakhulu. Futhi amayunithi 40 kuphela imishini emisha ukhululiwe ngoba konke, futhi njengoba izimoto "ezisinda" kangaka usebenzisa i-M26.

Tank-M26 "Pershing"

Lezi amathangi American neMpi Yezwe II zenziwa 1944. Ekuqaleni ingeyamakhosi ekilasini amathangi esindayo (ukulahlekelwa kuzo zonke izici ubuchwepheshe German kuleli kilasi), kodwa ngenxa yokuntula izikhali ezinamandla izosuswa maduze "zehliswa ezikhundleni" phakathi. Saba mass amathani 41,5. Ezezindlu ashiselwe behlangene kusukela Castings ngomumo eyenziwe nezingxenye. Bottom - wokuxovela emise. Ngaphambili izindlu ingxenye senziwa thusi, it has a okunengqondo emthambekeni evele. Umbhoshongo ine ijamo side, inqobo cupola lomyali nigibele anti-aircraft "Browning".

Ngokuqondene chassis, Classic torsion ibha ukumiswa kanye ithrekhi ezinamasondo eziyisithupha yasetshenziswa. Lokho chassis kakhulu ihlonishwe emathangini avuzayo, njengoba kwaba okunokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Engine - likaphethiloli eziyisishiyagalombili "Ford", ibhekisela ohlotsheni GAF-V. Cooling uketshezi, ukudluliswa - Hydro. Lwenza ethangini ukuze okusezingeni eliphezulu ukusheshisa rate olubushelelezi kakhulu.

Insimbi main 90 mm M3 isibhamu lapho armor- ukubhoboza projectiles landizela ngesivinini 810 m / s. Ngaphezu kwalokho ifakwe pair of 7,62 mm izibhamu, omunye okwakubekelwa Student abhanqiwe ngesibhamu. Umbhoshongo ibekwe 12.7 mm anti-aircraft isibhamu. Kwadingeka a quadrant-goniometer elikuvumela ukuba ukudubula olunembile ngempela kusukela isikhundla avaliwe. I-M26 wakwazi ukuthatha ingxenye in the esigabeni zokugcina zeMpi Yezwe II. Kuphela cishe izinkulungwane isigamu izimoto zavezwa.

Isimo samanje ezindabeni

amathangi Modern yaseMelika zincane izinto esifana ngazo ababengaphambi zabo. ukuthuthukiswa yabo ibe nethonya elikhulu Ochwepheshe German. Lamanje "Abrams" has a iphrofayli okusezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nenani a zempi omkhulu zabronevogo enkulu isikhala. Ngokungafani amathangi Second World, unesikhundla ukuma kuhle okwe izikhali ezinamandla, ogxile 120 mm rifled isibhamu. Umehluko omkhulu kusukela ezazingaphambi kwayo iyona classical ukumiswa kanye negesi ophephela injini.

Ngakho, amathangi yesimanje American kancane kuphela zifane ababengaphambi zabo.