Kuyini MTS eU.SSR? Izinqubo ukuqinisekisa inqubo collective

Esikhathini 1920 ngasekupheleni - 1930 eSoviet Union ngaleso isinyathelo we CPSU (b) isikhundla collectivization mass ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Inqubo collectivization nokumiswa emikhulu amabhizinisi ezolimo yohlobo sezenhlalo ingathiyeki ngokungabi base impahla kanye lobuchwepheshe emaphandleni. Abalimi ayengenandaba ukusebenzela isimo, elisebenzisa okhandlayo zabantu, asivumi ukuba ufake ukuthi kuncane noma akukho nhlobo yokukhokha.

Kuyini MTS eU.SSR?

Ngo-1929, i-15 Party Congress ihlaziye isimo kwezolimo wezwe. I ubuholi beqembu seliphinde wagcizelela ukuthi ezindaweni zasemakhaya kubalulekile ukwakha umkhiqizo wezolimo emikhulu, ngakho umuzi unikelwe isinkwa, okusanhlamvu kanye neminye imikhiqizo. Eqaphela ukuthi isimo kufanele uhlinzeke asanda kusungulwa ubuchwepheshe collective amabhizinisi ukuze kuncishiswe inani non-ngomshini izinqubo zokukhiqiza, uStalin watusa umsebenzi we-MTS kuqala. By the way, yini abbrevatury MTS emagama? ESoviet Union wadala umshini neziteshi ugandaganda, okuyinto esifushanisiwe MTS.

Umlando kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kwezwekazi lase-MTS

Eyokuqala umshini-ugandaganda esiteshini sase-Soviet Union yasungulwa ngo-1927. Indawo Lokudabuka - Shevchenkovo edolobhaneni lase-Odessa esifundeni, Ukraine. By the way, akusona nje kwaqondana, ngoba esifundeni Odessa bekulokhu abadumile njalo inala ukuhleleka imibono ukuthi cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokuba ukuqaliswa yabo baye babonisa ukuba siphumelele futhi ukukhiqiza yi yangempela eziphathekayo. On the party mhlangano oshiwo ngenhla kahle uhlolwa umsebenzi we-MTS lokuqala Soviet.

Stalin sabona kusungulwa inethiwekhi iziteshi ugandaganda yezinsika ekusebenziseni umqondo yangaphandle collectivization kwezolimo. Umsebenzi elibekelwe abaholi iCongress of the ngokwenelisayo izindawo zolimo, ubekhona Ukusabalala uhlelo STO tractor ezweni lonke. Izikhulu eziningi party uqobo (kwadingeka uhambo) ukuze ubone ukuthi MTS. Ngo-USSR inani amabhizinisi ezifana ngo-1931 kwaba kakade 1228. Njengoba ijubane collectivization ezikhulayo (ngo-1932 - esiqongweni kumiswa amapulazi collective), kwakudingekile ukwakha ibhizinisi elisha lobuchwepheshe. Ukuhlaziya izibalo ku-1933, sibona ukwanda isibalo MTS izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezimbili (kufika ku 2886), futhi ngo-1934 uhulumeni wavula iziteshi mayelana 500. Kuleli, futhi, ubuholi beqembu ngeke ayeke, ngakho umsebenzi olandelayo eyayibekwe. Ngo-1937 (futhi sonke siyazi ukuthi hlobo luni izikhathi) isibalo iziteshi kwakuwukuba azenzele 6000. Yiqiniso, umphumela osekuzuziwe, ngoba phakathi neminyaka mass yokucindezelwa nokuchuma okulahla ukwehluleka iziqondiso party ngokuvamile jezisa emakamu noma badutshulwe.

Order of nokuxhumana MTS nasemapulazini collective

Kuyini MTS eU.SSR amapulazi collective ngokwabo? Ngamunye abaholi ipulazi futhi wabona isidingo sokuthandazela nokukhanda zomsebenzi, ngoba kwaholela ekwandeni emshikashikeni umkhiqizo kanye isivuno. Hhayi ukuba imishini yayo, amapulazi ubuso MTS wabona ukuxhaswa okuvela embusweni.

Indlela ukuhlela nokubambisana? Machine kanye ugandaganda iziteshi imishini ephethwe, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma naso sanda. Ogandaganda, ihlanganisa nezinye izinto enikeziwe emapulazini collective ukuze iqashwe. amapulazi Collective, MTS akhokhe izindleko ukuqasha imishini ngezithukuthuku imali etholakele ukulethwa isivuno esimweni. Esimweni ukwehluleka ugandaganda, sihlanganise, uMtshali Mechanics MTS wayezele ukuzosiza epulazini, behlola lokhu kokusebenza futhi balungisa it.

Isici zezombusazwe imisebenzi MTS

Ngo-1930, yimuphi umsebenzi kwezomnotho ukuthi kuhlobane ngokuqondile isimo sezombangazwe. On isiteshi ngamunye ugandaganda usebenza umnyango zezombusazwe, iphethwe Iphini Lomqondisi umsebenzi zezombusazwe. Imisebenzi yomnyango kuhlanganisiwe ukuphathwa izinhlangano Party MTS futhi elikulo amapulazi collective. Isibopho umsebenzi izinga eyenziwa MTS hhayi kuphela umqondisi, kodwa futhi uMnyango zezombusazwe. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba noma yikuphi ukwehluleka mshini kwezomnotho ngalezo zinsuku ngoba ethathwa njengeSabatha ukuketula, kodwa kwaba kakade ingxenye yezombusazwe.

Kuyini MTS eSoviet Union, futhi manje sithemba kuyacaca kubo bonke. Ngaphandle lobuchwepheshe isisekelo collectivization, cishe, ke ukuthi kwakungeke kwenzeke.