Georgy Zhukov. Marshal Zhukov G. K. I yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe: Zhukov

Georgy Zhukov - umkhuzi okukhulu. Igama lakhe kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa ekunqobeni ebaluleke kakhulu emlandweni ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Zhukov - Marshal, ogama isignesha ingaphansi isenzo umaluju kwemibandela eJalimane. Lokhu kumlawuli, eyathwala Red Square Victory Parade. Photo Georgy Zhukov, onekhono nomholi wezempi nomuntu ongaphezu kovamile, ungakwazi ukubona ngezansi.

Umkhuzi yanikwa abalekele ezimbili Georgiya Pobedonostsa, futhi kane waklonyeliswa Hero isihloko eSoviet Union. Georgy Zhukov - umholi elikhulu lempi, owanqoba impi ngesikhathi ibutho elinamandla kakhulu emhlabeni, kodwa walahlekelwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ezimpini zezombusazwe eMoscow.

Esakhula

Georgy Zhukov, ogama biography waqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, yazalwa ngo isitayela esisha, 12/01/1896 eduze Kaluga, edolobhaneni Strelkovka. Abazali bakhe abalimi elula abampofu. Nge isitifiketi sokunconywa Georgy Zhukov iziqu esikoleni sezenkolo amakilasi amathathu, wabe esethunyelwa lokuyofunda esitolo furrier sika, elise eMoscow. Lapha Zhukov wakwazi ukuqedela parallel Yiqiniso esikoleni edolobheni iminyaka emibili. Kulokhu, umfana ukuwo kusihlwa amakilasi.

Seventh Agasti 1915 insizwa singayiswa empini. Khonza ke hit amabutho abakhwele amahhashi. Njengengxenye ibutho tsarist Zhukov waba nengxenye empi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ekupheleni kuka-1916, abasha isikhulu non-ethunywe wathunyelwa South-Western Front, lapho walwa okweshumi Novgorod Dragoon Regiment.

Isiphambano eSt George ngezinga wesine Zhukov waklonyeliswa wokubamba kwephoyisa laseJalimane.
Kodwa maduze nje, i-career lempi yelashwa, futhi kokuba siqale. Zhukov ithole ukuxukuzeka esindayo, kancane isithulu yakhe futhi wathunyelwa ibutho Reserve. Eyesibili George Cross wathola ukulwa amanxeba. Lesi sikhathi indondo kwaba ngezinga lwesithathu. Ngo-December 1917, isigaba yahlakazeka. George waya abazali bakhe endaweni, lapho isikhathi eside uyagula ne-typhus.

Zhukov kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso isosha ezinhle futhi umvuzo. Nokho, kwakungekho lutho engavamile ekuphileni kwakhe. yamasotja anesibindi onjengaye, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi kwakuyoba isiphetho Georgy Zhukov, wayengeke kwenzeka uma inguquko eRussia.

lempi umsebenzi Early

Ngenxa isikhulu non-ethunywe, Georgy Zhukov, ngokungenamibandela futhi ngokushesha lasemukela lesi Okthoba Revolution. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abakhwele amahhashi bobukhosi, leli qiniso kwaba uncharacteristic. Phakathi ambalwa kwaba Georgy Zhukov. Umlando wakhe njengoba yaqala impi kanye ukufika uhulumeni omusha, elalisendlini udinga abanolwazi umyalo izisebenzi. Zhukov waqala ukukhonza ku iRed Army futhi wenza umsebenzi wokuphila ekhaliphile.

Ngaphansi kokubusa kweSoviet, okuyinto evumelana yakhe imvelaphi kwezenhlalo, Zhukov iziqu izibhamu nabamahhashi izifundo ephakeme. Kakade ngawo-1919 yena wajoyina i-Communist Party. Ngaphezu kwalokho indlela yakhe kwaba kancane ezahlukene kusukela career esezingeni amaBolshevik abasha. Ekuqaleni, wamiswa umkhuzi inkampani ke isigaba, futhi ngemva - the ibutho.

Zhukov waba yisosha of nelungelo - kula mabutho. Kwakukhona ngabaholi bezempi Voroshilov futhi Budyonny - comrades kukaStalin ngo kulwiwa. Lezi ojenene eziye zaba nomthelela ekugqugquzeleni isitebhisi umsebenzi Zhukov. Kusukela ekuqothulweni eziningi kwenziwe empini ngasendle eko kanye namathathu banesifo esibi, wasindiswa sesimweni esibalulekile, ukunamathela okuyinto, Georgy Asingeni iqembu Trotsky, noma yiziphi izinkinga umyalo kwabaphikisi bakhe.

Okuthunyelwe kwakhe kuqala kubaluleke kakhulu Zhukov kwaba ngo-1938 Wamiswa lokuyala a Belarussian wesifunda ekhethekile yezempi.

I ilwa neJapane

Ngo-August 1939, Georgiya Zhukova wathunyelwa ukuvikela umngcele-Mongolian. Kukhona futhi wase eqonda ngqo lesithupha ibutho Japanese. Ngaphambi ukuqokwa isikhundla okukhulu jikelele eliseMpumalanga Ekude Army Group, kwaba esidabukisayo. Ezingxenyeni ezithile iRed Army wayebuthakathaka front line. Ngesikhathi esifanayo iyivelakancane ngokuphelele ovela ngemuva emotweni. asemaqeleni Bare, lapho amabutho kwamiswa, isingamakhilomitha amakhilomitha amaningi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo emadolobheni lempi ayengajuli ngaphezu yinhlanganisela maqhugwane. Lesi simo ngokuvamile yashubisa i Ukushoda okukhulu kwabantu amanzi okuphuza kanye nophethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphoyisa namasosha iRed Army azange abe nesipiliyoni yokulwela ezingwadule futhi emaqeleni. Kulesi sici, amaJapane sethubeni ahlukile.

Lapho befika kule ndawo, Zhukov ngokushesha wayeqhutshwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo waba sesimweni esamsiza ukuba ngokushesha esikhundleni amayunithi lempi elawula uhlelo olukhona. Ngenxa yabambana ngezihluthu impi Japanese yabhidlika wanqoba.

eminyakeni eyandulela impi

Georgy Zhukov waqokwa induna Kiev wesifunda ezempi ngo-1940 Ngokusho Soviet imfundiso lempi, kangangokuthi ngokuvamile aye enikezwa indima ebalulekile kakhulu. Nokho, ngemva kokunqotshwa Red Army ekulweni Finland, uStalin indlela ngokuyinhloko ebukeziwe, bancika ukwakhiwa isakhiwo sonke webutho lezempi. Ngakho-ke, Zhukov wabizwa eMoscow. Ekuqaleni 1941 induna, njengoba Jikelele weZempi, wamiswa ikhanda le-General Abasebenzi. Isekela Commissioner of Defence futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kwaba Georgy Zhukov. Umlando Omfushane umholi omkhulu wempi e neminyaka yempi, okwakubekelwa ebhalwe ngenhla, ukwahlulela kwakhe njengomuntu ngamunye ezivelele futhi abanamakhono.

ukuhlaselwa yaseJalimane

Ngesikhathi kuqala impi Georgi Zhukov kwaba endaweni efanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosuku olulandelayo ngemva kokuhlasela German umlawuli wayengomunye walaba amalungu uMkhuzi.

Ukuqala empini kuye kwabangela izinxushunxushu, asemngceleni ngethuka izanya okwakungenza wayekhona ku echelons ephakeme kubaholi ibutho. Ngalesi sikhathi, amabutho Isilawuli ukuthi cishe encishisiwe zero. Izinga kuye kwehluleka ukuhambisana izenzakalo front-line kanye hlwaya ezimbi isimo. Phakathi nale nkathi, ezikhulayo ukunganeliseki isimo kaStalin. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ezama ukuzenza athandeke kubantu ukukhiphela ulaka lwabo ngesikhathi amalungu amazinga. Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka futhi Zhukov. Ngemva komunye abukhali ingxoxo umkhuzi basula. Wagudluzwa kokuthunyelwe kwakhe. Phakathi nengxenye 1941 jikelele wesibili esimisiwe lokuyala izimpi eziningana. ukunyakaza Rapid ziye zahlobana ukwehluleka ukwenza imisebenzi yabo ephakeme izinduna RKKA. Kule ndaba, bavame kwakudingeka ashintshe.

mlando impi

Georgy Zhukov ... nobuntu generalship yakhe nobuqhawe - yobukhulu migilingwane bokulwa ngokunqoba. I Umkhuzi kwaba umhlanganyeli oqondile kuzo zonke izinto kanye izenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe.

I-mlando ebalulekile kakhulu ukwakheka generalship G. K. Zhukova kwaba ekumeleleni eMoscow naseLeningrad, kwaseStalingrad, futhi Battle of Yelnya, eKursk impi futhi Korsun-Shevchenko, Vistula-Oder, Kiev, Berlin kanye Belarusian imisebenzi emikhulu.

Ukunqoba lokuqala lalibizwa iwine kuye kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Nakuba amabutho zethu zase emuva kuzo zonke izimpi. Nokho, Zhukov wakwazi ngokoqobo ongazihlwitha kokunqoba Yelnya. Kwakuwusuku imisebenzi yokuqala yimpumelelo okuhlaselayo ngemva ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe.

Zhukov sayibonisa amandla wayengumuntu onjani ngesikhathi evikela eMoscow naseLeningrad. Kulezi imisebenzi, generalship bakhe bebonisa hhayi ngesimo elikhanyayo aqondisa tekusebenta. Kulesi sikhathi lebalulekile kulelive Georgy Zhukov - umholi elikhulu lempi futhi umkhuzi abanamakhono - wakwazi ukubonisa yensimbi intando yakhe. Lokhu kuholele ekutheni inhlangano eqinile nakho ngeke kusize yemfanelo ayiphathisiwe kunjalo, kanye nobulukhuni ekuphathweni abangaphansi.

Western Front, ngokuyinhloko uqulekile-September 1941, esanda ibuyiselwe October-November konyaka wokuqala empini. Futhi kwaba iphansi kwesandla sika-Zhukov. Umlawuli okukhulu kwaba akwazi ukuqhuba imisebenzi ngempumelelo bemvelo ukuzivikela. Nokho, akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi kuxoshwe amaNazi, kodwa wawalahla kusuka eMoscow.

Ithalenta umlawuli omkhulu Zhukov uzwakalise ngesikhathi kwaseStalingrad izenzakalo. Bekanye Vasilevsky, wavele wabanjwa okwamanje kufanele uhlukane nale counterattacks, ayeke ukuchitha amandla ukulungisa ukusebenza olunzulu ngeke kuphela zokumelana, kodwa futhi ukuba azungeze futhi abhubhise amabutho esitha.

1943

Kakade 18 Januwari G. K. Zhukovu wabele isikhundla esilandelayo. Waba Marshal wokuqala weSoviet Union kusukela ekuqaleni ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe.

Ukuqondwa okugcwele entsha okushiwo ukuzivikela amasu kwaba umlawuli ngoba impi ka eKursk. Phakathi wakhe kwezinhloko zamaviyo waqhubeka azivikele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo babe akunjalo ngenxa yesidingo, kodwa uzilungiselele ngokucophelela. Lokhu kuye bengaphumelelanga ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Ngo-1941, futhi ukuzivikela ngo-1942 kubukwe kuphela njengendawo yokuhlala ngenkani zesikhashana ngenxa aqondisa lempi. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi naleso sikhundla kumele abonise kusengaphambili emabuthweni esitha elinganiselwe futhi ngamafuphi zinkathi. Nokho, okuhlangenwe nakho lo mbono akuzange wathola isiqinisekiso impi. Phakathi lokulwa, kwatholakala ukuthi ngezinga elingelikhulu amasu, ezivikela, singagcini ukugcina izikhundla zabo, kodwa futhi ukunqoba isitha ngaphandle zihlasela kakhulu. Kulokhu, ukuvikela butho elikhulu futhi kwenziwe abanolaka isinyathelo ukuzivikela Kumelwe ukuba kuhileleke. Ngo ubuciko impi kwaba ukutholakala ezibalulekile ngempela.

Ngo-April 1943, Marshal Zhukov likhombe ukuthola indawo efanelekayo yokubeka impi. ukuhlulwa kwakhe uhlelo isitha, waya le uMkhuzi. Zhukov futhi Stalin bathole ekuqondisisaneni kule ndaba. Apreli yeshumi nambili umlawuli omkhulu lithole imvume ukuqhuba ukulwa ukusebenza kusukela Headquarters.

Ngo Ephakathi Voronezh nezimpi, Marshal Zhukov esebenzise yonke ka-May neka-June. Umkhuzi bawahlolisisa zonke izinhlobo imininingwane ngomzuzu ezakhonjwa elungiselela impi. Ngokunemba mshini iwashi wahlinzwa ngalesi nokuhlakanipha kwethu, okuyinto wakwazi ukuthola isikhathi esiqondile okuhlaselayo German. Ngokusho kwakhe, yena kwakuhlelwe ngehora lesithathu ekuseni lesihlanu June. Ngokuvumelana Stalin, Zhukov waqala enifeza wezikhali zenkulumo at 2:20. Kuyinto kulezo zindawo lapho ayekhona sokuhlasela isitha, wezikhali yethu yayizamazama. Isigaba sokuqala ukusebenza eziklanywe walungisa yaphela ngo-July 15. Bese kuthi-ke amabutho we-Central Front waqhubeka ecasula. Agasti wesihlanu asusiwe lamaJalimane Sifundazwe futhi orel, futhi 23 - Kharkiv.

Phakathi ukuzivikela, bese bale midlalo esigabeni sokuhlasela Marshal G. K. Zhukov esihlelwe yonke imisebenzi asemaqeleni kanye Voronezh Izimpi.

1944

Ukulandela Zhitomir wokulwa operation Berdichevsky kwakheka uhlobo Korsun- Shevchenko protrusion. Vatutin yakhe futhi Zhukov, ngokuthumela umbiko Stalin, wahlongoza ukuba kwakhiwe "ukusika." Ngalesi kokuhlinzwa, kwakukhona ezingqubuzana Konev. ojenene Kugcine osolwa sokungasebenzi, kusolakala yabonisa maqondana iqembu German. Stalin kubaqoqi umyalo yangaphakathi phambi imvelo Konev. Zhukov ubuhlobo ukudukiswa yokugcina.

Esikhathini kusuka Mashi kuya ku-April 1944 1st Ukrainian Front waya yasehlanzeni ZaseCarpathos. Uwayale eyenziwa Marshal G. K. Zhukov, ngubani ngoba kokufaneleka ekhethekile ngaphambi silibangise enkangala ezweni lawo waklonyeliswa eliphakeme umklomelo ezempi - Order of inombolo Victory 1. Izinkulungwane amabutho akhe nazo ukhishwa izindondo oda.

Ehlobo lika-1944 G. K. Zhukov wahola "Bagration" msebenzi. Aqondisa khona Izimpi isiBelorussia. Ukusebenza ilungiselela kahle futhi unikelwe zonke izincwadi ezidingekayo futhi izindlela lobuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yalokho kwezinhloko zamaviyo elwa yakhululwa inani elikhulu labantu Belarus amaphuzu.

Ngo-July 1944, Zhukov labetibambile iqondisa umsebenzi we 1st Front Ukraine. Ukukhuthaza amabutho akhe amthwala ku Rava-Russian, Stanislavsky futhi Lviv izindawo. Umphumela wokuhlasela izinyanga ezimbili kwaba ukunqotshwa kwakubonakala amaqembu amabili amakhulu amasu kwezinhloko zamaviyo undlovukayiphikiswa. Uma lokhu ususuliwe ngokuphelele sezitha, Belarus, Ukraine, eLithuania nase ingxenye esempumalanga kwezintathu yePoland.
Qedela ukuhlulwa isitha wamabutho "North-Ukraine" futhi "Isikhungo", kanye ukufinyelela Warsaw futhi ekuthatheni bridgehead esikhulu Vistula amabutho yethu ngisondelene kakhudlwana Berlin.

Ngo-August 1944, Zhukov wabizelwa eMoscow, lapho wayefundiswe nguMbuso Defense Committee. Injongo yalesi sabelo kwakuwukwenza amabutho 3rd Front Ukrainian ekulweni Hitler wabambisana Bulgaria. Ukuqala ubutha kwamenyezelwa ku 09.05.1944, Nokho sekwenzeka ayengakulindele. amabutho Bulgarian wahlangana ibutho lethu ngaphansi namafulege abomvu futhi kungahlonyiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani labantu amasosha Russian yithela izimbali.

Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Novemba 1944, Marshal Zhukov ubelokhu esebenza ohlelweni wasithatha dolobha German.

1945

Zhukov esigabeni sokugcina kweMpi Yezwe II wahola Okokuqala isiBelorussia Front. Wachitha ukusebenza Vistula-Oder. Ukulwa lwenteke kanye 1st phambi Ukrainian okuyinto wayalwa Konev. Ngenxa owayelwa abakhululiwe Warsaw tshoda Army Iqembu "A".

Waphetha impi 1st isiBelorussia iqhaza Front e ukusebenza ukuze athathe Berlin. Phela ekulweni Zhukov - Victory Marshal - wamukela sokunikela kwemibandela ezandleni Jikelele amaNazi Wilhelm von Keitel.

ngemva kwempi,

Kuze izinsuku-April 1946, Zhukov kwaba in-Chief kweSoviet Military Administration, etholakala eGermany. Ngemva kwalokho wamiswa njengephayona elivamile umkhuzi abakhulu of the Army. Kodwa ngo-June 1946, uStalin wabiza umkhandlu wezempi esebeké phambili ngokumelene ukumangalela umuntu Marshal Zhukov sika ihaba sokunconywa yabo imisebenzi eyisisekelo ngesikhathi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Isizathu salokhu kube ngubufakazi Novikova - owaboshwa Marshal. Ngenxa yalokho, Zhukov isuswe kusuka kokuthunyelwe ka umkhuzi abakhulu, isuswe beKomiti Central bese ithunyelwa yesibili Odessa District. Stalin kwadingeka akhawunti yakhe siqu. Wayazi ukuthi Zhukov zingaba usizo kuye uma kwenzeka impi entsha. Yingakho umholi elikhulu lempi kwakushiyelwa sebuthweni.

Ekuqaleni 1948, ngokusho ubufakazi wempi Semochkina, Zhukov wamangalelwa wokuba nobutha Stalin yena, futhi kwabangela ukwanda izindinganiso zokuziphatha. Ngemva kwalokho, lo jikelele omkhulu ngamelwa yinhliziyo. Ngokushesha ngemva kokugula kwakhe, wathunyelwa esikhundleni sokuba umkhuzi wezempi Ural wesifunda lapho amabutho cishe wayengekho. Nokho, maduzane nje, i vein ehluke ngokuphelele baqhubeka nale ndaba. Zhukov, naphezu kokushushiswa, kakade ngo-1950, wakhethwa kuMninimandla uMkhandlu WoMbuso. Ekwindla ka-1952 marshal waba ilungu ikhandidethi leKomiti Central. Lokhu kwaba nomthelela izinhlelo kukaStalin ezihilela ayehlasela eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Yingakho Zhukov yayilungiselela ukubuyela kwababusi ubuholi ibutho.
Okokuqala Isekela Defense uNgqongqoshe kanye leKomiti Central we marshal yathoma khona ngemva nje kokufa kukaStalin. Wadlala indima ebalulekile ukuboshwa Beria.

Ekwindla ka-1954, Zhukov waba umholi we umsebenzi, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho kwathiwa lokuqala asetshenziswa izikhali zenuzi. Futhi ngo-February 1955, Marshall waqokwa uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela. Ngo-June ngawo lowo nyaka, wabasiza ukunqoba ukuphikiswa Khrushchev. I plenum akhethwe kuye kuya Central Committee KaHulumeni. Kwakuwusuku isiqongo career ye Georgy.

Ngo-1957, Khrushchev waphucwa isikhundla asibalelwa Zhukov, lapho waveza ukulungiswa Icebo lika. It kwabangelwa kumiswa lizwe futhi kungesemehlweni izingxenye olukhethekile ekuphathweni SWAT. Khrushchev Zhukov ukuthi ayisadingeki. Inhloko isimo impi kungenzeka ancike zenuzi nezikhali ezicitshwayo. Marshall yaxoshwa konke okuthunyelwe.

Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi abafundi bejabulela Umlando wakhe, wabhala ukuthi Zhukov. Iminyaka yokuphila ukuthi umkhuzi omkhulu enikelwe ibutho, ezichazwe encwadini yakhe "Izinkumbulo Nezinkumbulo." Sekuvele edition ethandwa kakhulu ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe.

Ukunqoba Marshal wafa Juni 18, 1974 lokumngcwaba eduze udonga Kremlin. Imemori lokhu Umkhuzi okungavamile phakade ahlale ezinhliziyweni abantu Russian.