Kuyini monotheism futhi lalibukeka kanjani?

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla kunezinkolo eziningi kangaka ezihlukahlukene, amasiko, izikole ezingaqondakali futhi zefilosofi, izimfundiso namahlelo nezinhlangano. Ngisho nabantu kude konke ngandlela-thile ngikuzwile elithi "ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi". Kuyini ezithakazelisayo, emagama lafanako ngqo izwi "ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi". Kodwa kanjani ukuqonda leli gama? Yini azithola ekuso? Kuyini monotheism?

definition

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi - Umqondo zefilosofi, zenkolo (theological) futhi sezenkolo. Kuyini monotheism? Kuyinto ukukholelwa kuMdali olulodwa ngoNkulunkulu ngenkolelo eqavile e exclusion yibaphi abanye onkulunkulu. Kungenzeka futhi sokukhulekela uNkulunkulu kuphela, uma umuntu athandaze ezimbili noma ngaphezulu - ke kakade isibe polytheist (yobuqaba).

Ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi ekuqondeni sezenkolo

Kuyini monotheism? Njengoba sekushiwo, ke leligama lisho "ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi". Ezweni kukhona izinhlobo eziningi inkolo. Lena ngokucacile kakhulu inkolelo noyedwa likaNkulunkulu uMdali uvezwa izinkolo Abrahama (yobuJuda, ubuKristu, ubuSulumane), ungakwazi ngokucacile ukuthola lezi amanothi efanayo kanye Iranian namaZoroaster. Kwenzeka inqaba, kwezinye izindawo kukhona Hindu izikhathi monotheistic. Inkolo, ibona uNkulunkulu munye, njalo oyise wokusungula. Ukuze amasiko anjalo isimiso kusengaphambili kuyinkolelo yokuthi zisekelwe lokhu ukwedlula isambulo laphezulu elingcwele.

Umlando monotheism

Kuyini Tawheed futhi lapho kwakubonakala sengathi? Ngokokuqala ngqá ezinye izakhi eziye zatholakala e-ukutadisha umlando wasendulo IsiShayina (ihlelo Shang-di - ophakeme unkulunkulu), India (isifundiso eyodwa uMdali uNkulunkulu Brahma), Ancient Egypt (ikakhulukazi emva kabusha yenkosi Ehnatona Amenhotepa, ngubani esethula ukukhulekela unkulunkulu oyedwa - elangeni) iBhabhiloni lasendulo (onkulunkulu abaningi kuphela kubonakala Ngenxa yokuthi wabona ukuthi unkulunkulu ophakeme Marduk). AmaJuda asendulo kwadingeka kazwelonke tribal unkulunkulu wabo - Sebawoti (uJehova), okunguyena kwasekuqaleni akhonza kanye nabanye, kodwa ekugcineni baguqulelwa Omunye. Nokho, ubuKristu, befunda futhi amukele ukukhulekela uNkulunkulu uYise (uMdali Ephakeme futhi olulodwa), kwahambisana by inkolelo yayo yokuthi izinto "uNkulunkulu-yomuntu" UJesu Kristu, iNdodana kaNkulunkulu. Singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi ukholo lobuKristu - kolo monotheism, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba acabangele isifundiso zintathu Ongcwele. ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi YamaJuda ngasekupheleni lesithupha - emakhulwini okuqala eminyaka lwesikhombisa, kwaba ziqondakala abanye Arabhu zehlelo okuthiwa Hanafites lapho Islam wazalwa. Kuthathwa nguyise uMprofethi Mohammed. Ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi in Islam kunalaba kuzo zonke ezinye izinkolo. eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma Abaningi baye bancika umqondo wokuthi monotheism (inkolelo kuNkulunkulu oyedwa ophakeme, uMdali) kuyinto owaqalwa inkolo, kanye umthombo wakubeka kuwo wonke amanye amasiko nezimfundiso. Lo mqondo ngokuthi "urmonotheismus". Ezinye neminye ngokuthi monotheism kokuphothulwa ukuvela umcabango zefilosofi nezenkolo lwesintu, bekholelwa ukuthi imfundiso monotheistic lwaludlula ekugcineni ngokuphelele zonke ezinye izinkolo.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kokukodwa nokuningi njengoba zenkolo nefilosofi (theological) umqondo

Ngo Ifilosofi nemfundiso yenkolo ethemini iseduze igama elithi "theism". Ngokokuqala ngqá ke Sokubambisana ingatholakala engosini ethi Mora kusukela Cambridge Platonist. Theism kusho okuthile okulingana igama elithi "deism" futhi okuphambene nombono wokuthi "Ukungakholelwa kuNkulunkulu". Kuphela kancane kancane, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yemizamo kanye nomsebenzi we-Immanuel Kant, baye basungula umehluko lomqondo phakathi deism futhi theism. Iphuzu innovative mbono esashiwo Hegel owaphikisa pantheism ukuba monotheism hhayi polytheism. Lo mqondo, njengoba theism igama elithi "Nkulunkulu" kusho "ngokuphelele, obabazekayo maqondana kulomhlaba yokutholakala qiniso elingokomoya, okuyinto uba umthombo zokudala olulodwa, azigcina lokhu khona emhlabeni futhi has degree angenamkhawulo ithonya kanye nomthelela kuwo."

Izimpikiswano esivuna monotheism

Kuyini Tawheed futhi kungani ezivame kangaka? Kukhona ukungqubuzana okuningi esivuna le mfundiso.

1. Uma kwakukhona uNkulunkulu ezingaphezu kweyodwa, yonke kungaba lokudlela ngenxa iziphathimandla eziningi abaculi. Njengoba lesi sifo alikho, kusho ukuthi uNkulunkulu munye.
2. Njengoba uMdali ubuntu ephelele, ukuba ngiqaphele ngokuphelele, akunakungatshazwa omunye uNkulunkulu, njengoba zichazwa kungaba esingaphansi ephelele.
3. Njengoba uNkulunkulu akunamkhawulo ukhona, kusho ukuthi akakwazi uneminye izingxenye. Nokho, uma kuzoba khona ubuntu yesibili obungapheli, iyohluka okhona kuqala, futhi kuphela okugcwele infinity - akukho. Ngenxa yalokho, uNkulunkulu yesibili ngeke khona nhlobo.
4. Imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo abakwazi ukwazi isimo sangempela, njengoba kuchazwe ngohlobo lentuthuko ingekho nemvelo. Empeleni, ungakwazi ukubuka intuthuko zomlando maqondana monotheism.