Kuyini i-JSC: izinzuzo eziyinhloko kanye nokungalungi

Izidingo zomnotho wesimanje wezwe zakha izimo zokuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi afomu lenhlangano njengenhlangano evulekile yokubambisana (OJSC). Ihlinzeka abahlanganyeli bayo amathuba amaningi namalungelo amaningi.

Kuyini i-JSC

Inkampani evulekile yokubambisana nezinhlangano inhlangano enabantu ngabanye kanye nezinhlangano zomthetho ezinelungelo lokuqhuba imisebenzi yebhizinisi ehlangene. Inhloko-dolobha egunyaziwe yenkampani enjalo ihlukaniswe ngamasheya abahlanganyeli bayo. Isici esibalulekile nesici esivelele se-OJSC ukuthi abaphathi bamasheya banomthwalo wemfanelo yezibopho ngokuqinile emkhawulweni wenani lamasheya abo. Futhi inkampani ehlangene nayo ayikona obhekene nezibopho zomhlaba zabahlanganyeli bayo.

Ngokomthetho, i-OJSC ibhekwa njengenhlangano esemthethweni, inelungelo lokuthi igama liboniswe ngendlela edingekayo yefomu yenhlangano. Umphakathi kumele ube nomthetho wayo, odwetshwayo futhi uvunyiwe ngabathintekayo bawo. Le dokhumenti iveza amalungelo nezibopho zabanikazi bamasheya futhi iqukethe izinto eziyinhloko ezilawula imisebenzi yeNkampani. Igatsha liyingxenye yokwakha yenkampani futhi kumele lenze ngokuvumelana nomthetho.

Yini eyenza i-JSC ihluke ku-CJSC

Abaningi badidanisa lezi zindlela ezimbili zenhlangano. Ukuze uqonde umehluko, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi yini i-JSC ne-CJSC.

Zombili amafomu enhlangano yizinhlangano zezohwebo, inhloko-dolobha egunyaziwe equkethe amasheya. Isici sesici senkampani ehlanganisiwe ye-stock (CJSC) ngumkhawulo wokuba nokwabelana ngamasheya. Okusho ukuthi, ukugcinwa kwebhizinisi kungenziwa kuphela ngabantu abadala inhlangano enjalo. Akekho omunye onelungelo lokuthola ukwabelana nokuwachitha. Futhi uma omunye wabahlanganyeli be-CJSC enqume ukushiya inhlangano futhi athengise izimali zayo, khona-ke isivumelwano esinjalo singenziwa kuphela nabanini bamasheya benkampani.

Abasunguli be-JSC bangaba ngabantu abanokulinganiselwe, futhi cishe noma yimuphi umuntu noma inhlangano esemthethweni inelungelo lokuthola amasheya. Umnikazi ngamunye wenkampani yokulondoloza uhlobo oluvulekile angabela amasheya akhe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwemvume yabanye abanamasheya. Futhi, inkampani iphoqelekile ukuba ngezikhathi ezithile izinikeze izitatimende zayo zezimali.

Ukuze uphendule umbuzo mayelana nokuthi yi-JSC, kufanele uqonde zonke izici zaleli fomu lenhlangano.

Izinzuzo ze-JSC

Vula inkampani yokubambisana inamathuba amaningi uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amafomu enhlangano. Iqiniso liwukuthi impahla yenkampani yenziwa kusukela ekuthengeni kwamasheya kanye nezinzuzo ezivela emisebenzini yebhizinisi. Ngakho-ke, inhloko-dolobha yenhlangano itholakala ngokukhishwa kwamasheya nokuthengisa kuwo wonke umuntu. Le nkampani ithola izimali ezitholiwe zokusebenzisa isikhathi eside futhi inelungelo lokufaka izicelo ezinhlobonhlobo: ukukhokha imali, ukutshala imali ekukhiqizeni okusha, ucwaningo. Lokhu kunenzuzo kakhulu, ngoba akudingeki ukhokhe inzalo ngosuku oluhleliwe, njengalokhu kusetshenziswa imali ebolekiwe.

Inzuzo ebalulekile yale fomu yenhlangano yiyona ndlela yokuheha imithombo eyengeziwe yokuxhasa ngemali ngokukhipha izibopho. Ngakho-ke, inkampani ingakwazi ukukhulisa imali iminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu, ikhokhela inzalo ezibophezelweni zenzuzo enkulu yenhlangano . Uma kuqhathaniswa, izabelo ezilinganisweni ze-AO kumele zikhokhwe ngenzuzo engenayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izibopho zibhekwa njengethuluzi lemali elinenzuzo kakhulu.

Inzuzo ebalulekile yenkampani yindlela yokugqugquzela abasebenzi ngensizakalo yezibambiso ezifanayo. Ngakho, ukuphathwa kwenkampani kunganikeza abaphathi esikhathini esizayo ukuthi bathenge isigxobo ngamanani aphansi kakhulu. Leli thuluzi livumela ukudala isisusa somsebenzi osebenzayo webhizinisi, njengoba abaphathi bazozama ukusebenza ngokukhiqiza kakhulu. Phela, ukuphakama kwezimakethe zekhampani kuphezulu, abasebenzi bazokwazi ukuthola imali. Lesi sici ingxabano ebalulekile echaza ukuthi yi-JSC.

Kunezinye izinzuzo. Isibonelo, igama elithi "evulekile" lisho isimo somphakathi senhlangano. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-JSC inethuba lokukhulisa ukuthandwa kwayo, ukuthuthukisa udumo kanye nodumo emakethe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimali zenkampani yile fomu yenhlangano zithengiswa ngezokuhwebelana ngezezimali, okuvumela ukucaphulwa kwamasheya nsuku zonke kanye nezibopho zenkampani. Futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi umnikazi wesabelo ngamunye angathengisa izimali zakhe zokuphepha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Izimakethe zezimali zifanekisela kahle ukuthi yi-OAO.

Izici ezimbi ze-OJSC

Ifomu lenhlangano yenkampani inezinkinga ezithile, ezibonakala ngesikhathi somsebenzi. Inkinga enkulu kunazo zonke yikhokhwa kabili. Iqiniso liwukuthi inkampani kumele ikhokhe intela yentela, bese isadluliselwa kwisabelomali sombuso iphesenti lezinzuzo. Uma izinga lentela liphakeme, khona-ke ukuba khona komphakathi kuyabiza kakhulu.

Umzuzu omubi weNkampani uphinde ubhekwe njengendlela enganele yokuguquguquka nokusebenza kahle ekwenzeni izinqumo ngokuphathwa kwebhizinisi, futhi ngisho nokuhleleka kokudlulisa umlawuli emphakathini ezandleni zabancintisana.