Izimbangela, ukuvimbela kanye nezibonakaliso ze-anemia kubantu besifazane: izici zokwelashwa

Sasivame ukucabanga ngempilo yethu ekugcineni. Ngokuvamile abantu bayabanda kakhulu "ezinyaweni zabo," bazibeka ngokwabo amavithamini nama-painkillers, futhi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha akukaze kube umkhuba phakathi kwamaRussia.

"Ukuziqhenya" lapho ubona kuqala izimpawu kungabonakalisa ukugula okukhulu, ngakho kubalulekile ukulalela umzimba wakho. Izimpawu ze-anemia kulabo besifazane ngokuvamile zibhekwa ngokuzikhandla komsebenzi nokucindezeleka. Kodwa-ke, ukuxilongwa futhi ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kungathuthukisa kakhulu isimo sesiguli.

Iyini i-anemia?

Lesi yisifo se-clinico-hematologic syndrome, lapho amazinga egazi we-hemoglobin ehla futhi inani lamaseli abomvu liyehla. Ngayo ngokwayo i-anemia ayiyona isifo, ngakho-ke emithini yezokwelapha kunezinhlu eziyisikhombisa ezihlukaniswayo ngokusho kwezibonakaliso ezihlukahlukene.

Iningi lezazi zihlolisisa ukuntuleka kwe-anemia yensimbi, lapho kuphulwa khona kwesinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu. Kuyinto ensimbi ekwakheni ama-enzyme amaningi ahilelekile empilweni yomzimba.

Izimbangela nezimpawu ze-anemia kubantu besifazane zidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Okokuqala, abameleli bobulili obuhle bangase bangasoli ngisho nokugula kwabo. Ukhathala okwedlulele noma ukulala, isimo sengqondo esidabukisayo ngisho nokulahlekelwa izinwele ngokuvamile kubhala ngenxa ye-beriberi.

Ngeshwa, izinkimbinkimbi ze-multivitamin kuphela zinganciphisa okwesikhashana izibonakaliso ze-anemia kubantu besifazane abadala, kodwa isixazululo esizimele kule nkinga akunakwenzeka.

I-Hemolytic, i-iron engekho, islastiki noma i-B12-ayinakho - akunakwenzeka ukucacisa uhlobo lwe-anemia kuphela ngokusekelwe kwezikhalazo zesiguli, ngakho ungalibali ukuvakashela kudokotela.

Izifo

Ngisho noma ufunda zonke izincwadi futhi uthola zonke izibonakaliso ze-anemia kubantu besifazane, kuphela ochwepheshe okwazi ukuxilonga futhi anikeze ukwelashwa okufanele. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ezifundweni ezilandelayo:

- Ukuhlola igazi kwegazi (ukuzimisela kwezinga le-OJSS, insimbi, i-hemoglobin, i-bilirubin ne-ferritin);

- ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele (ukuzimisela kwenani lama-reticulocytes namaplatelets, ukutadisha kwe-morphology yama-erythrocyte).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angakwazi ukumisa umongo we-bone, ukuphela kwe-endoscopic nokuhlolwa kwangokwemvelo kwamathumbu nesisu, ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu noma ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwezinso - zonke izinyathelo zithathwa ukuze zingabandakanyi izifo ezihlukahlukene.

Ukuntula i-Iron okunempilo

Ukuntuleka kwensimbi kukhonjelwa ezifweni ezilandelayo noma ezithinta umzimba:

1. Ukulahlekelwa kwegazi kwezakhi zofuzo ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi kwanda kwenzeka ngokuphuma kwegciwane lomzimba (i-peptic ulcer, i-gastritis) ne-uterine (uterine fibroids). Isizathu esingajwayelekile esivela ku-traumatological, pulmonary, renal noma ukuphuma kwegazi.
2. Ukudla okunomsoco. Kubantu abadala nabantwana, ukuntuleka kwensimbi kubonakala ngokuzila ukudla, ukungondleki okungapheliyo, kanye nokudla okunomsoco onomqondo ophezulu ushukela namafutha. Izingane zingase zingatholi inani elanele lezinto ezibalulekile ekunakekeni kwe-anemia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
3. Ukwamukela ukungasebenzi kahle kwensimbi. Ukwamukelwa kwensimbi kudlulela ngenxa yezinqubo ze-cicatricial, atrophic and inflammatory emathunjini amancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe nabo bakhumbula izimo zomzimba, okwandisa kakhulu isidingo sensimbi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhulelwa kanye ne-lactation - ngalesi sikhathi, izimpawu zokuqala ze-anemia kubesifazane zivela. I-stock emzimbeni ayanele ekwenzeni i-placenta, isidingo somntwana noma ukulahleka kwegazi ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuqala yokuphila, ngenxa yokukhula okusheshayo, ingane nayo izwa isidingo sensimbi. Isigaba esilandelayo sokuthuthukiswa okuphuthumayo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, emantombazaneni kuhlobene nokuqala kokuya esikhathini.

Esigabeni sengozi

Kungani sikhuluma ngabesifazane? Ochwepheshe baye babalwa ukuthi ukukhubazeka kwensimbi efihliwe kubonakala kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala yokubeletha (20-30%), kanti eyodwa kwezingu-3 zobulili obuhle ibhekene nokuntuleka kwe-anemia yensimbi.

Izizathu eziyinhloko:

- Ukukhulelwa;

Ukuphuma kwegazi;

- Ukuya esikhathini okungavamile.

Izimpawu ze-anemia kubantu besifazane

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-anemia zingabangela ukuphazamiseka okuningi. Ukukhathazeka okujwayelekile nokubuthakathaka, ukwehlisa ukusebenza kahle nokulala - lezi zikhalazo ezivamile kakhulu kwabesifazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlomo owomile, i-dyspnoea, i-palpitations nokugwinya kwenzeka. Nge-anemia enamandla, isizungu nesihlungu sekhanda ziyahamba ngokuphazamiseka.

Ngeshwa, ukungalingani kwensimbi kuphazamisa ukubonakala:

1. Isikhumba: Umbala ophuzi (ngezinye izikhathi nge-tinge eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), ukuphazamisa, ukucubungula, ukuma nokulahlekelwa amandla.
2. Izipikili: ukulahleka kokukhanya, ukuguqula isimo (coilonichia), ukubhala kanye nokuqothula.
3. Izinwele: ukuthambekela kwezinwele ezimhlophe, ukulahleka, umbala ongenakukhanya, ukuhlukaniswa kuphelile.

Ukwehlisa isifiso, isidingo sosawoti, ukudla okunomsoco noma okumuncu, ukuguqulwa kokunambitheka kanye nokuhogela konke kuyizimpawu zokunakekelwa kwe-anemia yensimbi kulabo abashabalalisa ngokushesha ngokuphathwa kahle.

Ukwelapha

Amasu okuphatha i-anemia axhomeke ebukhulu besimo kanye nohlobo lwe-anemia. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukusungula imbangela yalokho okukhona futhi, uma kungenzeka, ukuqeda.

Indlela edidiyelwe ayikusizi nje kuphela ukuqeda izimpawu ze-anemia kubantu besifazane, kodwa iphinda iphinde ibuyele izinto ezidingekayo emzimbeni. Isinyathelo esibalulekile ukugubha kokudla kokwelapha.

Njengoba kunesifo semfuyo ye-iron enemithi, udokotela oya khona ubeka amalungiselelo ensimbi. Ngokusho kwezincomo ze-WHO, okuthandwayo kunikezwa izidakamizwa ezinensimbi ensimbi. Isikhathi sokwelashwa akufanele sibe ngaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu.

Izidakamizwa ezinezinsimbi zikhona emakethe yezokwelapha ngeminingi enkulu:

"Ferrum lek."

- "I-Sorbifer idlulile".

- "Zhekttofer."

- "Totem".

"I-Conferon."

- "Ferroceron".

- "Maltofer".

"I-Ferroplex."

"Tardiferon."

"I-Feramid."

Imikhiqizo "Iron"

Amalungiselelo e-iron anqunywe ngokususelwa emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwelabhutrikhi, futhi asize ukuqeda izimpawu nezimpawu ze-anemia.

Amabhodi okuphatha ukwelashwa kwabesifazane ahlanganisa nokuthuthukiswa kokudla okulinganiselayo, lapho imikhiqizo enezinto eziphezulu zensimbi ezethulwa ngayo:

1. Imifino: amakhowe, isithombo eluhlaza, utamatisi omisiwe, isipinashi, ubhontshisi, i-parsley, izaqathe, i-broccoli, i-peas eluhlaza kanye namahlumela aseBrussels.
2. Izithelo: ama-apricot (ama-apricot omisiwe), ikhabethe, i-persimmon, omisiwe, ama-currants, izinsuku, igromegranate nemifula.
3. Inyama ebomvu. Lo mkhiqizo akufanele uphathwe kabi, kwanele izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto ukudla inyama encane yenyama ephilile. Kungasebenzisa okungcono nakwe-offal, isibonelo, isibindi senkomo.
4. Izitshalo: irayisi yasendle, i-bulgur, ama-oat flakes, irayisi yomsila, ibhali kanye nommbila.

Ukudla okhethekile, okugcwele ngemikhiqizo ngensimbi, kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokwandisa izinga le-hemoglobin egazini. Kodwa-ke, esimweni esiphuthumayo, lapho izinga le-hemoglobin linciphisa kakhulu, udokotela oya khona uthatha izinyathelo eziphumelelayo.

Imithi yendabuko

Emithi yokwelapha, kumele kube khona ukwelashwa kwanoma yisiphi isifo. Kuvela ukuthi izibonakaliso ze-anemia kubantu besifazane, ngokwezindlela zokupheka zasendulo zabaphulukisi nabaphulukisi, zingasuswa ngosizo lwemikhiqizo ejwayelekile.

Inombolo yoMkhandlu 1. Isidakamizwa - le mifino yayisivele ohlwini lwethu. Emini, udle isipuni se-radish esisikiwe (6 receptions). Inkambo yokwelapha inyanga eyodwa.

Inombolo yoMkhandlu 2. Ukujwayelekile ukucindezela, nokuqeda ukulala, ubuthakathaka, ukungabi nesifiso sokudla nesibindi kuyasiza ubisi ngegalikhi. Bilisa ingilazi yobisi bese wengeza ama-clove angu-2-3 echotshoziwe. Phuza izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku nge 30ml.

Inombolo yeBhodi 3. Iziguli ezigugile eziphethwe yi-anemia, kuyasiza ukuphuza i-kefir neju. Kudingeka isipuni soju esitsheni sokuphuza ubisi olumuncu.

Ithiphu # 4. Ukuze ulungiselele, uzodinga amaqabunga ashukela omisiwe. A isipuni uthele amanzi abilayo futhi uqhubeke imizuzu engamashumi amabili. Phuza, ngokufaka ubisi noju, uthathe ithathi, uphuze kabili ngosuku.

Ukuvimbela

Siyazi ukuthi abameleli bobulili obuhle bazimisele ukuzithuthukisa. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlolwa nokubukeka akupheli kahle.

Ingozi enkulu imelelwe ukudla okusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni komkhiqizo oyedwa noma ekunciphiseni kakhulu ukudla. Uma owesifazane enqaba ukulahlekelwa isisindo okwesikhashana kusuka kokudla okunezinsimbi, isimo sakhe sempilo kufanele sibe ngaphansi kokulawula.

Abathandi bekhofi kufanele bacabange ngemikhuba yabo, ngoba ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwesiphuzo esinomsoco kuphuthumisa i-leaching yensimbi emzimbeni.