Kolomna, Cathedral of kweNyuka Cathedral: incazelo, umlando kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Assumption Cathedral Kolomna, elise ensimini ka Kolomna ezibiyele, zibabaza ubuhle bayo olukhuni, ukukhanya ezindizayo fomu. Ima njengomuntu nezifiso yikhandlela ezulwini, watshisa imithandazo-Russia kanye nabantu balo.

Cathedral ngokuphindaphindiwe babhujiswe futhi kabusha, ukhuphuka uvela umlotha nezwe lakhe. Anakho umthandazo wasezulwini, abangcwele abaye bakhonza lapha, uthando esikhulu sabantu, njalo uya eziningi imali yokulungisa isonto.

Ubani owakhela amaKhaladi Cathedral of kweNyuka Kolomna?

Lapho Russian amabutho abawinile kule mpi ne Golden zidlamlilo emfuleni Vozha, zonke eRussia bathokoza. ONgcwele Dmitry Donskoi sibekwa inkumbulo kwalo mcimbi kweNyuka Cathedral Kolomna. Ngekhulu le-14 kwaba khona omunye enqobile e Battle of Kulikov phezu Mamai. Futhi yiso okwamanje ukwakhiwa yesonto yaqedwa.

Phakathi nale nkathi, lombhishobhi wakhonza njengombonisi ongokomoya futhi yangasese Seal St. Dmitry Donskoy, Metropolitan uMichael. indoda ngokungavamile onekhono, ngubani wakhethwa inhloko Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia, ubulawe yisifo engaqondakali ukufa endleleni eya iConstantinople. Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli kwakuzomelela ukukhululwa abantu ejokeni Mongol-Tatar.

Izindlwana ka kweNyuka Cathedral

Omunye parish lanikezelwa kuya Dormition we umama kaNkulunkulu, ngokuba liyisihlalo kule amabutho iholide AKHE AHLULA abuyela emzini ebonisa ukuthi intercession yakhe ngomthandazo. Phela, njengoba yena bathandazela ukunqoba Wadala indoda nenkazana, ibutho elikhulu shrine - Don nesithombe sakhe.

Enye Parish aphansi lanikezelwa behlonipha Dmitriya Solunskogo, njengoba Dmitry yakhe Donskoy kubhekwe abavikela yakhe saint.

Ukuze Izindlwana ababili abaphezulu abakhethelwa Saint Nikita, aziwa izimangaliso eziningi, futhi St Leonty Rostovsky, abashumayela Rostov futhi wabulawa namaqaba.

Ithempeli lapho Dmitry Donskoy

Nakuba abaningi esinamakhanda esinezitezi ezimbili Cathedral of kweNyuka Kolomna kwakubonakala omkhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amasonto eMoscow.

Yakhiwe nge ethempelini Dmitry Donskoy wema leli fomu kuze 1672. Kwakuthinta ngesineke ngemva kokufa kwakhe, inkampani wahlanganyela umsebenzi umkakhe, ukuthi iqalise eziningi icala lokuphatha.

Ngaphakathi lombhishobhi Kwadingeka umhlobiso ocebile. Amathempelana babe Don isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu, elalisendlini kweNyuka Cathedral Kolomna (umlobi kwaba Feofan Grek), Ioanna Krestitelya izinsalela. Ethempelini, umtapo wezincwadi omkhulu yakhiwa.

Lonke umlando kweNyuka Cathedral Kolomna ihlobene eduze umlando Russia, zokunqoba yayo kanye nezenzakalo ezivusa amadlingozi.

Kolomna ethempelini futhi Ivan le Emibi

Phakathi nokubusa Ioanna Groznogo Juni 23, 1552 at kweNyuka Cathedral Kolomna Bishop uTheodosius, futhi badumisa ebutho yalwa amaTatar at Tula, wonke umuntu hhayi ukushiya isonto kuze kube yilapho uNkulunkulu ebonisa intando yakhe. Ngemva kwalokho, isitha ahlehla.

Ezinsukwini eziyishumi kamuva, amabutho Russian waqhubeka umkhankaso wokulwa Kazan, inkosi uJohn aqamba ngalo shrine ithempeli - isithonjana Don uNina kaNkulunkulu. Ivan le Kubi bese wathatha isithonjana eMoscow, ukuthumela ethempelini ezimbili uhlu okuhle kunalokho.

Pavel Aleppsky ngethempeli

Ithempeli elimhlophe-itshe ayithinta ongenakucimeka wokulingwa on pavla Aleppskogo, futhi ngomdlandla echazwe encwadini yakhe ethi. Kule nkulumo wachaza ukuthi abantu bayazithanda emoyeni wakhe omkhulu ngokubabazekayo, Airy, oluyingungu, izibalo lokhuni noma iziphambano eyayibhalwe. Waveza ngokuningiliziwe ama-altare, i-windows, emagumbini angaphansi kwezakhiwo crypts. Yiqiniso, enkulu isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi ka kweNyuka Cathedral Kolomna, amakhothamo ahlotshiswe ngobuciko, fake ezibaziweyo, izinsimbi nambili lobehlukene, ikakhulukazi kuyithokozisa hliziyo kholwa. Festive ukushaya izinsimbi ezinkulu zazinjengethusi nokuduma, ukuze okuyinto wabe esenezela kanye lilt namanothi wahamba emoyeni amakhilomitha amaningi, kodwa abantu abezwa Chime, wakhothama bebheke esontweni futhi wabhapathizwa.

Cathedral isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi

Hlukanisa Isakhiwo insimbi enkulu umbhoshongo Yakhiwa ngekhulu le-17. High isakhiwo unxande is amaHubo bugcizelelwa umkhatsi Isigaxa emise.

buka ezinqala isakhiwo ugcizelela ukubaluleka kwenzekani kuwo. Ngemva kokuvalwa lombhishobhi ngo-1929, zonke izinsimbi kwabhujiswa, manje-ke esimweni belfry futhi insimbi ngobukhulu onzima kwaba ogama lakhe behlonipha uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Pimen.

Kabusha nokubuyisela ethempelini

Assumption Cathedral Kolomna, ezakhiwe St Dmitriem Donskim wema ukuthi emakhulwini amaningana eminyaka, kwanqunywa ukuba kwakhiwe kabusha ngokuphelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwathiwa adiliza ku 1672, umsebenzi esiphathiswe wezakhiwo Meletiju Alekseev.

Isisekelo esitheni isakhiwo sokuhlala esisha lombhishobhi sabekwa amatshe amhlophe adiliza ethempelini, ngokwengxenye ushiye ezindala isisekelo kabusha isitini izindonga, izinto kahle walondoloza ayesetshenziswa ukwakha isakhiwo esisha. Emsebenzini kwathatha iminyaka engaba yishumi. ukulungiswa okuphindiwe kanye nokubuyiselwa wukushintsha njalo ethempelini.

ophahleni Ngokhuni ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, esikhundleni sayo kufakwe yensimbi, wabe esenikwa efakwe a iconostasis entsha, ngisho nangemva kwamashumi amahlanu, ushintshe uhlobo izahluko. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, leli sonto ngesineke. Ngalesi sikhathi e Cathedral Archpriest Mikhail Drozdov wasezala Ngokuzayo St Filaret eMoscow.

Ezinye izinguquko ezenzeke ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ziye alungisa futhi ezibuyiselwe umsebenzi ezinkulu sokubuyiselwa ngo-1963. Ngu-1999, isonto lombhishobhi lalungiswa ngokuphelele futhi kabusha busisa Alexy II.

Impi Patriotic ka 1812 kanye feat kayise John

Phakathi umlilo eMoscow ngo 1812, izakhamuzi Kolomna kahle wabona kukhanya omkhulu. Wonke umuntu ongakwazi ukumbonisa, washiya umuzi e isidumo: abantu, izinceku yekani abalimele, kuhlanganise nabefundisi abaningi, babaleka. Ngo kweNyuka Cathedral babe Archpriest ioann Tverdovsky nge imeya yabo Fedorom Andreevichem Dashkovym. Babiza nsuku zonke kuya phezulu yokukhulekela futhi ukugubha amasakramente.

Morning Izinsimbi ezazijwayelekile izinkulungwane zabantu. Babezwa futhi wayazi ukuthi Kolomna njengoba yayinjalo. Kwakuwuhambo feat qotho isevisi.

ithempeli elingcwele

Umlando kweNyuka Cathedral Kolomna kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa umlando iRussia, abantu bayo kanye nabefundisi. Dmitry Donskoy, no-Ivan le Kubi got lapha isibusiso kwaholela ukunqoba amabutho nge umfanekiso Don isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu.

Kulesi ethempelini wakhonza njengephayona Saint uJobe, uMbhishobhi Kolomna - Umbhishobhi lokuqala eMoscow All Russia. Wathola imfundo enhle yenkolo, ekuseni sesigcwele monasticism walithatha nentando abazali babo, ukuthi akukho lutho wamvimbela ukuba unikele ukuphila kwakhe kuya ekukhonzeni uNkulunkulu kanye lawobaba. Tsar Ivan le Kubi yambona ngesikhathi kuyiwe zezindela. Ngokushesha waba Metropolitan zokugcina noMbhishobhi wokuqala Zonke Russia. Wayelethwa wahlanganyela kule kabusha iSonto umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli, wahlela ukuba kunyatheliswe lezi zincwadi yesonto.

Kube Ngathandaza omkhulu Russian Saint ioann Kronshtadtsky ngesikhathi ehambele Kolomna izinkulungwane zabakhulekeli bamamukela udwendwe grand. izikhonzi obuningi benziwa zobuqhawe bakhe ngokomoya, ahlonishwe ukuba babe osanta, futhi ngokungangabazeki abaningi bafanelwe, futhi amagama abo UNkulunkulu wazi.

'ukholo isonto

Amashumi ezinkulungwane abapristi Revolution abangu ahlukunyezwe ezimbi, umuntu wayebulawa nezixhumanisi.

Usokhaya yabangcwele wanezela amagama labo abase bethole emseni nokufel 'ukholo ngenxa kaKristu, akazange aphike, lwafa kanye umthandazo ezindebeni zakhe.

Dmitry vdovin wazalelwa futhi ngakhulela umkhaya ovamile, wahlanganyela ukuhweba futhi wakhonza wejele isonto. Kusukela ngo-1922 kuya 1927-th, lapho kwakuyingozi ukuphila ngisho ukuvuma ukuthi ungumKristu, wakhonza njengephayona umqaphi wejele kweNyuka Cathedral Kolomna. Sitshele kafushane uma Isiphelo sakhe, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele into ebaluleke: bemthwesa icala ze emelene ngempela namaSoviet. Waboshwa kanye nabanye abefundisi. Ngo-1937, ngesikhathi bephenywa yena ukuqinisekisile ukuthi okholwayo, ngakho ngathunyelwa ekamu, lapho ebulawa isifo sofuba.

Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni sobufundisi, wakhonza kuzo kweNyuka Cathedral Kolomna igosa kuze 1918 Sergey (Bazhanov), khona-ke owamiswa ebupristini, wathuthela edolobheni elincane lase-zintathu amachibi. Okokuqala waboshwa, igcinwe iminyaka 2 ejele, bese wathunyelwa ekamu ophoqelelwe. Lapho ededelwa, inkonzo baqhubeka. Kodwa ngo-1937, ubaba uSergiyu futhi bayiswa ejele Taganka, futhi ngemva kwamasonto amabili ababulawa futhi wangcwatshwa ethuneni ukumakwa.

Kusukela ngo-1920 kuya ku-1929 wakhonza njengephayona umbhishobhi esontweni Fedosov (Ganitsky). Ngu isikhathi sokufika kwakhe Kolomna wayeseke ukushushiswa baboshwe, liqashelwe imisiwe ngabo. Naphezu kwakho konke, wakhonza, eshumayela futhi zivula ingqondo. Wahlala lapho iminyaka engu-2 e ejele Butyrskaya, bese ilandelwa iminyaka 5 Kolomna. Wayelethwa abagcotshwa ngo-2006 njengoba svyaschennoispovednik.

Besonto ngenkuthalo bavikela izikhonzi, lokuqoqa amasignisha, badlulisela NKVD. Kungenzeka ukuthi abanye babo, futhi, kwadingeka bakhokhele ngayo ukuphila kwabo futhi inkululeko. Ngemuva kokuboshwa kwala Bishop uTheodosius ngo-1929 Assumption Cathedral Kolomna yavalwa, asikwazanga ziphangwe, bawona, yabhubhisa zonke imifanekiso, ezinye iconostasis ezibaziweyo. Kodwa lokho kungaba kuqhathaniswa ngegazi abalungile, okuyinto abokhominitjhara sebeligcwalisile izwe Russian.

Ukuvuselelwa kokuphila okungokomoya Kolomna

Ekuphileni okungokomoya Kolomna iye likhula ngesivinini kusukela 1989 ngaphansi kokuholwa imithandazo Nicholas Kachankina.

KuSonto skole wavulwa, lapho izingane kanye nabantu abadala ungafunda mayelana ivangeli nangemiBhalo, emthethweni kaNkulunkulu, imidanti yokukhulekela, emaculweni angokwenkolo.

Ukudalwa igama Ubuzalwane Orthodox Engcwele Prince Dimitriya Donskogo ngo-1991 kwaba isenzakalo esibalulekile kule besifunda-bhishobhi eMoscow. It is bazibandakanya emsebenzini owodwa owenziwe zemfundo futhi esiza abantulayo. Kuhlelwe Orthodox intsha ukunyakaza, club has izifundo ezihlukahlukene, club yokushisekela izwe, Sikhungo Medical Center "Ukuphila". I isobho ekhishini ukusuthisa amakhulu imikhaya. Ubuzalwane ishicilela iphephandaba "umvangeli".

Isizini Easter umkhosi umculo engcwele, amakhonsathi omkhulu, lapho ungakwazi bajwayelane isonto ukucula ifa, usebenza wombhali kanye namaqembu ezithakazelisayo.

Ngenxa yothando zabantu, imithandazo, noma izenzo zomdala abangcwele, isonto ukhona namuhla futhi ivulekile kubo bonke labo abafisa ukuvakashela isevisi, ulalele ukucula emangalisayo isonto, wafaka ikhandlela ucabange ezingabonwayo.