Kuyini i-astrocytoma yobuchopho? Astrocytoma yobuchopho: ukubikezelwa

I-Glioma yobuchopho - iyini? Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kunoma yisiphi isisu somzimba. I-Glioma yobuchopho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ihlukene kangakanani, ingozi empilweni yomuntu. Okulandelayo, sifunda ngenye yezinhlobo zezicubu zalesi sigaba somzimba.

Astrocytoma yobuchopho

Le nqubo ye-tumor ingahlakulela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Isibonelo, i-glioma ye-stem yobuchopho ingatholakala. Le nqubo ivame ukuvela ku-cerebellum, i-fibtic nerve fibers. I-Glioma yobuchopho bale fomu ithinta amangqamuzana abaluleke kakhulu - amaseli we-glial. Benza njengezingxenye eziyinhloko ezisekelayo zesimiso sezinzwa eziphakathi. Ngokuqondene nokuthi i-astrocytoma yobuchopho ingokwalabo odokotela kulesi sigaba sezinqubo ezimbi ezingaphezu kwesigamu samacala, ukwelashwa kwe-pathology kufanele kuqale ngokushesha.

Izingozi ezinkulu eziyinhloko

Kunezici eziningana ezivusa amadlingozi ezandisa amathuba okuqala nokuthuthukiswa kwesisu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, ikakhulukazi:

• Umthelela we-radialization irradiation. Ezigulini ezitholakale zinomunye uhlobo lomdlavuza oye wafunda izifundo zangaphambilini ze-radiotherapy, i-astrocytoma yobuchopho ibonakala kaningi.
• Isibikezelo se-Hereditary.

Ukukhethwa kwalokhu noma lawo maqhinga okwelashwa kuthonywa kakhulu ngezinga lokuthuthukiswa kwesisu, ubukhulu nendawo lapho i-astrocytoma yobuchopho ikhona khona. Ukuchazwa kwe-pathology kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, kufanele kuthiwa ukuthuthukiswa nokuqhubeka kwe-tumor akuxhomeki esikhathini esihlala ngayo isiguli - lesi sifo singabonakala kokubili iziguli ezincane kanye neziguli ezindala. Kodwa-ke, labo abakugcina banakekelwa kakhulu ngempilo yabo, kodwa futhi bavame ukuzibandakanya imithi yabo. Kulesi sigaba seziguli ezinezinga eliphakeme lokuthuthukiswa, ama-astrocytomas aphansi kakhulu.

Isithombe somtholampilo jikelele

I-astrocytoma yobuchopho ihambisana nokubonakaliswa okuhlukahlukene. Izimpawu ikakhulukazi zixhomeke endaweni yesikhumba. Nakhu kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ngezigaba zokuqala i-pathology ayikwazi ukuzibonakalisa nganoma iyiphi indlela. Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo zingabonakala uma i-astrocytoma yobuchopho isanda kakhulu.

Izimpawu ezisemqoka zesifo

I-astrocytoma ilandelwa yi:

• Ubuhlungu. Ukugxila kwayo kuxhomeke endaweni yesikhumba. Umphumela wabanikazi bama-painkillers awusebenzi nganoma isiphi isisindo.
• Izifo ezibonakalayo.
• Ukuzizwa.
• Ukuziqhenya kuyasikhuthaza, isiyaluyalu.
• Imemori enamandla.
• Izinkinga zokukhuluma.
• Izinguquko ekuziphatheni, umlingisi, ushintsho oluvamile lwezinzwa.
• Ukuhlukunyezwa kokuthola noma ukuxhumana.
• Ama-hallucinations.
• Ukubonakala kobuthakathaka (okuvamile noma emaphethelweni).
• Izinkinga ngokubhala.
• Ukuncintisana ngamakhono emihle emotweni yeminwe. Lezi zimpawu zingaba yi-paroxysmal noma ingunaphakade, kuye ngokuthi indawo yamangqamuzana e-tumor.

Izimbangela ze-pathology

Le ndawo ayitholakali ngokwanele kuze kube yimanje. Ochwepheshe baveza ezinye izinto ezibangela ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo. Ngokuyinhloko, zihlanganisa:

• I-pathologies ehlanganisiwe: i-tubercular sclerosis, i-von Hippel-Landau syndrome, i-neurofibromatosis.
• Imisebenzi ekukhiqizeni okunobungozi. Kulesi simo, sikhuluma ngamabhizinisi okulahlwa kwemfucuza yemfucuza, igesi kanye nokuhlanzwa kwamafutha, ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali.
• Ukungabi namandla noma ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.

Uma kunoma yiziphi izici ezingenhla zengeziwe, amathuba okuthuthukisa lolu hlobo lwezinambuzane zanda izikhathi eziningana. Kulesi simo kudingekile ukuba uhlolwe njalo. Lokhu kuzovumela ukutholakala ngesikhathi esizayo kwe-astrocytoma ezinyathelweni zokuqala, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwayo okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu kulabo abagulayo abasengozini futhi banesimo sokufa ngokwemvelo.

Izinyathelo zokuhlola

Namuhla, kunezindlela eziningana ezisetshenziselwa ukukhomba lesi sifo, ukuqaphela isigaba sokukhubazeka. Ngokuyinhloko, zihlanganisa:

1. I-Tomography. Lolu hlobo lokutadisha luhlukaniswe ngama-subspecies amaningana. Ngosizo lwabo, ungakwazi ukuxilonga i-astrocytoma. I-Tomography yenzeka:

• Ukuvuselela Magnetic. Lolu cwaningo lubhekwa njengolunye olunembile kunamhlanje. Ngenxa yalendlela, isazi singabonisa izinga lokulimala - esithombeni, amasayithi omzimba azogqokonyiswa.
• Ikhompyutha. Phakathi nalolu cwaningo, umfanekiso odwebekile woke izakhiwo zobuchopho udalwa. Ngosizo lwe-tomography ye-computing, isakhiwo kanye nezici zesimo sokudla kwesisu kuvezwe.
• Positron ukuphuma. Ngaphambi kwenqubo, i-dose encane ye-glucose ye-radioactive ijojowe emgodini wesiguli. Kuzokuba yinkomba ongayibona kalula indawo yesimila. I-glucose izothola ezindaweni ezincibilikisayo zokulimala okuphezulu nokuphansi. Lezi zinsuku zizothola ushukela omncane. Ngosizo lwe-positron emission tomography, ukuphumelela kokwelashwa okusetshenzisiwe kuhlolwa futhi.

2. I-Biopsy. Le ndlela ihilela ukuthatha ingxenyana yezinto ezithintekile nophenyo lwayo. Kuyinto i-biopsy evumela ukuthi usungula ukuhlolwa okuqondile okunembile.

3. Angiography. Le nqubo ihilela ukwethulwa kwedayi ekhethekile, ngosizo lwezitsha ezondla izicubu zesisu. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba uhlele ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

4. Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological. Njengomthetho, le ndlela iyasiza. Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological kuhloswe ekuhloliseni umsebenzi wobuchopho kanye nokufaneleka kwezingqondo.

Izigaba ze-pathology

Kunezigaba ezine eziyinhloko zesifo futhi, ngokufanele, izinhlobo ezine zesisu:

• I-astrocytoma ye-Pilocartic yobuchopho. Ukuchazwa kwalesi sifo kunomusa kakhulu, ngoba lesi sakhiwo esisha sibhekwa njengobunzima. Noma kunjalo, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwangakapheli kuchwepheshe, kungenzeka ukuthi leli fomu libe yizikhukhula ezimbi kuya ku-70%.
• I-astrocytoma ye-Fibrillar. Lolu hlobo lwesisu lubuye lubhekwe njengobuningi. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, okwesibini, isigaba sesifo, ingozi yesifo esisha esiba yingozi kakhulu nakakhulu.
• I-astrocytoma ye-anaplastic yobuchopho. Lesi yisigaba sesithathu se-pathology. I-astrocytoma ye-anaplastic ikhula ngokushesha kakhulu. Amangqamuzana anempilo ayathinteka yi-tumor ngempela. I-astrocytoma ye-anaplastic ngokuvamile iholela esigabeni sesine.
• I-Glyoblastoma. Lesi yisigaba sokugcina sesifo. Kulesi sigaba, isiguli sibhekene nezinhlungu ezinzima. Ochwepheshe beka abalimi abanamandla kakhulu.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi esiteji sokuqala, amangqamuzana amathumba ahluke ngokungafani namaseli aphilile. Okungenakusho uma isiguli sine-astrocytoma yesipiliyoni sobuchopho. Isibikezelo sezigaba ezimbili zokugcina sidumaza kakhulu. Izicubu zesitho azikwazi ukubizwa ngokujwayelekile ukusebenza. Kunezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, ikakhulukazi, i-astrocytoma yokusabalalisa kanye ne-piloid yobuchopho.

Ukwelapha

Izindlela zokwelapha zikhethwa ngugqirha kuye ngokuthi isimo sesiguli siphelele kangakanani, isigaba sesifo. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kusetshenziselwa, njengomthetho, ngezinga eliphansi lokulimala. Kulezi zimo, ukuvuselelwa okuphelele kwe-neoplasm akusi njalo njalo. Kule ndaba, ezinye iziguli zingase zibekwe ukwelashwa kwama-radiation. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuthiwe le ndlela ehlukile ayisebenzisi ngaso sonke isikhathi ezinyathelweni zokuqala ze-pathology, ngakho-ke isicelo sayo singahlehliswa kuze kuvele izimpawu ezintsha. Ngezinga eliphakeme lokulimala, ukuqedwa okuphelele kwe-tumor akunakwenzeka. Kulokhu, ochwepheshe bakhetha izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokubulala amaseli abathintekayo. Njengezindlela ezengeziwe zokwehliswa, isazi singachaza umsakazo noma i-chemotherapy, irradiation. Ngenxa yalezi zinqubo kungenzeka ukuthi umise ukukhula kwesisu. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuqeda ngokuphelele i-neoplasm ngenxa yokuhluma kwezicubu eziseduze, ukungenelela kokuhlinzekwa kunqunywe ukuze kunciphise usayizi.

Ukwelashwa kwamafutha

Ngosizo lwaloluhlobo lokuchayeka, amangqamuzana abamba iqhaza ekusekeleni ukuphila kwe-tumor ayathinteka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izicubu ezinempilo zihlala zingasebenzi. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kwenziwa ezikoleni. Lokhu kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lemiphumela yokwelapha. Ukwelashwa kuleli cala kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

• Ukuvezwa kwangaphakathi. Kulesi simo, izinto ezikhethekile zomsakazo zifakwa ezingxenyeni ezimele .
• Ukuvezwa kwangaphandle. Kulesi simo, umthombo wemisebe utholakala ngaphandle komzimba womuntu.

I-Chemotherapy

Le nqubo ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingabulala amangqamuzana e-neoplasm. Ukungenelela egazini, izinto zisakazwa emzimbeni, zifinyelele emzimbeni. Izidakamizwa ze-chemotherapeutic zikhishwa ngezindlela zezixazululo, amaphilisi, ama-catheters. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ukhethe okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu kwesiguli ngasinye. I-Chemotherapy, noma kunjalo, inesidingo. Iqukethe eqinisweni lokuthi, kanye namangqamuzana e-tumor, amangqamuzana aphilile omzimba abuye afe.