Kungani inyanga ivuliwe maqondana Umhlaba ohlangothini olulodwa? The Blind Side of the Moon

Moon - engokwemvelo satellite Zemli.Tainstvennaya futhi iyinhle, amehlo basendulo izazi zezinkanyezi. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, sase waphawula izici eziningi: ushintsho isigaba, ukuphuma nokushona kwelanga izikhathi, isikhathi lwenyanga enqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga. Siqaphele izazi zasendulo futhi njalo nazo izibani ebusuku. Nokho, ngalezo zinsuku abazange babuze ukuthi kungani inyanga ivuliwe maqondana Umhlaba ngakolunye uhlangothi. Kubo kwaba isikhundla kungenzeka kuphela, kuyafaneleka inkolelo evamile esibhakabhakeni isakhiwo.

Namuhla izinto zase zishintshile. Ukuqonda kwethu lokho ukunyakaza kanye nokuxhumana lezinto cosmic, asekelwe ngokubukisisa eziningi zihluke kakhulu ezincwadini Kwakuvamile ezikhathini zasendulo. Yebo, cishe zonke esikoleni ukuthi kungani inyanga ivuliwe maqondana Umhlaba ngakolunye uhlangothi.

umlando

Kuze kube manje, enye yezimfihlo ukuthi inyanga akafuni ukuze uyivule ivelaphi. izifundo ezihlukahlukene kwenziwe ukuze bathole impendulo eqondile yalo mbuzo kodwa izinguqulo eziningana. On omunye wabo Moon ne-Earth - Sisters, kwakhiwa cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo wezindleko fu protoplanetary. Lokhu kufakazelwa imiphumela radioisotope ukuhlaziywa ziyonquma yobudala efanayo izindikimba ezimbili zasezulwini. Nokho, kunobufakazi umehluko omkhulu okhona ukubunjwa iplanethi yethu kanye iziphuphutheki yayo. Ukuze uzifanise wafaka phambili nguqulo: the Moon kwamiswa endaweni ethile kude emkhathini isondela Earth, lathunjwa. Vala futhi umbono, okuyinto izitshela ukuthi bakhangwa babe isikhala eziningana izinto emva kwesikhashana ishayisane futhi zakha inyanga. Ekugcineni, kukhona inkolelo yokuthi iplanethi yethu - nonina ukuba umngane wakhe: Inyanga kwaba nomphumela ukushayisana komhlaba enomzimba omkhulu. Kubaziwe futhi kamuva yaba ilungu le-emzileni sizungeze "ukhokho".

"- iplanethi satellite" uhlelo

Noma ngabe yayaziwa ezithile ukuthi Moon - satellite eMhlabeni zemvelo. Ngokusho idatha lomkhathi, ukukhanya ebusuku ngesikhathi kwalophiko wawusegunjini asondele kakhudlwana emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto ngokushesha ukuze undizisa Earth vula eyodwa noma enye inhlangano. Lesi simo ejwayelekile esigabeni sokuqala kwemvelo kohlelo "umngane -. Iplanethi" Isibonelo imiphumela ukuthuthukiswa "ubudlelwano" ezinjalo - kuyinto Pluto futhi Charon eyayihambisana nalo. Bobabili emizimbeni cosmic babhekene njalo nomunye ngolunye uhlangothi, uphendukisa kubo ezivumelanisiwe. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

ukusheshisa olwandle

inyanga Young ngokushesha baqala ukusebenza Emhlabeni. Lubonakaliswa kumiswa magagasi olwandle esanda abasafufusa, kanye cortex. It has imiphumela emibili eyinhloko uphenyo. Okokuqala, ngenxa nezici ezithile isakhiwo Zomhlaba futhi ukujikeleza yayo wave olwandle phambili zenyanga. wonke Sisindvo iplanethi ebiyelwe la magagasi, esikhundleni salokho, enza izinto satellite, wasinikeza ukushesha, nenyanga uqala ukunyakaza ngokushesha, kancane kancane sisuka Earth. Okwesibili, le nqubo kwenzeka futhi amandla oppositely iqondiswe retarding ukuhamba amazwekazi. Ngenxa yalokho, kunciphe Ukujikeleza izinga eMhlabeni mayelana eksisi, kwandisa ubude kosuku.

Moon ihamba kude iplanethi ngo-4 cm ngonyaka. Nokho, lena akuyona inqubo okuphakade, ematfuba ukulahlekelwa kwayo Earth satellite azinakwa. Sizophela 'babalekele "zenyanga ngesikhathi Ukujikeleza eMhlabeni emhlabeni eksisi is ezazihambisana ezinyakazayo we-satellite orbit. Kulokhu, iplanethi yethu iyohlale ukubheka ukukhanya ebusuku ohlangothini olufanayo.

A inqubo efanayo

Kulula ukuphetha ngokuthi impendulo yombuzo othi kungani inyanga ivuliwe maqondana Umhlaba ngolunye uhlangothi, ixhunyaniswe isimangaliso esifanayo. Ngempela, amandla elanga adonsela phansi Zomhlaba uku yembathani satellite efana ukuphakama kwamagagasi ogwini. Njengoba kuyiplanethi yethu omkhulu ngaphezulu, amandla nethonya layo obuphathekayo okuningi. Ukulalela kwakhe, inyanga Sekuyisikhathi eside ezazihambisana ukunyakaza Ukujikeleza yayo emhlabeni Earth. Umphumela waba njalo etholakalayo ukuqapha futhi ohlangothini ongabonakali zenyanga.

Kancane ngaphezu kwesigamu

Uqaphele amateur sezinkanyezi kusheshe ukuthola ukuthi ubuso izibani ebusuku namanje izinguquko ezimbalwa. Uhlangothi ebonakalayo zenyanga akusho kuthathe ncamashi nengxenye yayo. Ebusuku ikhanyisa orbit kuphambuka indiza ukuzungeza Umhlaba uzungeza ilanga (the Ecliptic) cishe 5º. Futhi-ke 1,5º isihlobo dlela ukuhamba kwenyanga ne-axis awo offset. Ngenxa yalokho observation atholakale 6,5º nangaphezulu izingongolo satellite. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-libration onqunywa ngezinyanga zokuthwasa kwenyanga ye-latitude. Ngokufanayo, kukhona ukuguquguquka we-longitude satellite. Ukuze lolu shintsho okuholela ngesivinini ukuhamba kwenyanga, kuye ngokuthi ibanga ukusuka eMhlabeni. Okufihlekile emehlweni we satellite ngenxa yalokhu ukuncibilika, kanti olunye uhlangothi zenyanga, ukukhanyisa, anda ukuze 7º longitude. Ngakho, kuvela ukuthi isiyonke kungabonakala nasemkhakheni kuze kufinyelele 59% we ebusweni kwenyanga.

Ngokuzayo okude

Ngakho, umbuzo wokuthi kungani Moon njalo ubhekene ohlangothini olufanayo Zomhlaba, uthola impendulo izimfanelo umthelela gravity on satellite kule planethi. Nokho, njengoba kuye kwashiwo, inqubo efanayo emva kwesikhathi esithize, kuzoholela yokuthi Umhlaba Kwakubhekwa erobhothini ebusuku ingenye kuphela ingxenye yakhe, kungakhathaliseki kulokho isigaba zenyanga. Ngokusho izibalo Dzhona Darvina, umzukulu umsunguli imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, isikhathi sosuku kuze kube yileso sikhathi kuyoba ulingana izinsuku ezingamashumi amahlanu ajwayelekile kithi. Ibanga phakathi Zomhlaba kanye Moon, ukwandisa nge cishe isigamu. Lokhu kuzoba isimo ekahle kakhulu kohlelo "umngane -. Iplanethi"

solar tide

Nokho, kukhona ezinye kungenzeka ukuthi Moon neze ezimiselwe sifinyelele ukususwa okwanele. Isizathu salokhu itholakala kungenzeka solar namagagasi. -Daylight inyanga kunomthelela ezifanayo kokubili iplanethi kanye satellite. Uma isakhiwo ezincwadini ikusasa izindikimba ezimbili yasezulwini ukufaka leli qiniso, kuvela ukuthi ngesikhathi ibanga elithile kusukela ekwethwaseni eMhlabeni bayophinde lusondela. Lokhu kuncipha ibanga siyoba sibi. Lapho luyobe at ibanga 2.9 Umhlaba radii, kuyothiwa ladwengulwa amabutho ezikhangayo.

Enye "kodwa"

Nokho, lesi sithombe asikwazi waqaphela. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngokuvumelana izibikezelo, ukususwa kwenyanga, khona indlela yakhe, futhi ekugcineni, ukufa kuzothatha iminyaka embalwa trillion. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, inhlekelele engenzeka isikali ukuba ungaguli kakhulu, okungenani bonke ukuphila emhlabeni. Ilanga iyophuma, ukhathele wonke amasheya uphethiloli lezinkanyezi. Ukulandela lolu shintsho nazo zonke izimo zokubambisana uhlelo kwamaplanethi kwezibani.

cwaningo

Olunye uhlangothi zenyanga, zingakwazi ukufunda observation oqondile, isikhathi eside kwaba imfihlakalo, ngokoqobo lisitshekelwa ngubumnyama. Kuphela ekuqaleni kwenkathi isikhala uye ithuba ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngakho. Indiza yokuqala izithombe mayelana 70% ezifihliwe Ingxenye yokuqala yayithi kwakumelwe namaSoviet "Luna 3". Isithombe elithunyelwa emuva Earth wabonisa ukuthi ngemuva Indawo uhlukile ubunjalo ebusweni ebonakalayo. Zazingasekho emathafeni kwezilwandle. It ezatholakala lapho kwaba imfundo ezimbili kuphela enjalo, kamuva eyabizwa ngokuthi uLwandle eMoscow, futhi oLwandle Amaphupho.

emgodini giant

Ngo-1965 waya enyangeni mkhathi "Zond-3". Usekuphothulile ukuqopha ingxenye engabonakali satellite. Image asele 30% we ebusweni kuphela baqinisekisa okutholakele ngaphambili: ebusweni kule ngxenye cratered nezintaba, ulwandle phezu kwalo kodwa cishe ayikho.

Iningi usayizi umxhwele enye asemigodini, itholakala ncamashi ohlangothini amnyama zenyanga. Ubude bayo 2250 km kanye nokujula - 12 km.

imicabango

Namuhla imfihlakalo ohlangothini Moon zembulwe ngezindlela eziningi. Nokho, umqondo womuntu bathambekele ziphuphe ngezinto kanye izenzakalo lapho kukhona ezingafinyeleleki observation oqondile. Ngoba izikhala Internet kulula ukuthola imibono eyayisinesikhathi angajwayelekile ephathelene wonke inyanga iyonke noma nje kuye kufihlwe kuthabathela ecaleni. Kukhona ecatshangelwayo umsuka satellite yokufakelwa, labantu bayo intelligence ezidalweni ezingaphandle komhlaba, futhi yokucasha ngamabomu omunye amaqembu. Kukhona futhi izinkomba isikhala ezisekelwe ongaqondakali, ibekwe ingxenye emnyama satellite. inguqulo enjalo kunzima ngempela kokubili ukuze uqinisekise futhi ukuphikisa. Abeve kungaba yiqiniso noma amanga, zisekelwe Kungenxa yesizathu esifanayo naleso utshelwa abantu ukuhlola umkhathi: sethemba ukuthola expanses enkulukazi bazalwane yonke engqondweni, isifiso uthinte engaziwa.

Nokho, namuhla, ngempela ngaziwa ngokunembile ukuthi kungani inyanga ivuliwe maqondana Umhlaba ngakolunye uhlangothi. Futhi nokucabanga Lokudabuka yokufakelwa ayikatholi ukuqhubeka sina. Impendulo yaba njengegazi kucace njengoba ukuqonda, kulokho isigaba zenyanga namuhla, futhi kungani. Nokho, akunakwenzeka, ukusho ukuthi esikwaziyo sonke satellite yoMhlaba futhi akukho okutholakele esikhathini esizayo kulindeleke. Kunalokho, ukukhanya ebusuku ukufanisa onkulunkulu lasendulo, samuntu luhlala ongaqondakali futhi ekujaheni babelane nabo ngezimfihlo zokuthola. Isintu has esisazokufunda izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo mayelana satellite kule planethi yethu. Mhlawumbe isigaba esisha kulolu cwaningo, okuyinto isanda, uthela izithelo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Isho ukuthini ngempela inkulumo kubaluleke kakhulu kule ndaba ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi eziningana NASA. Phakathi kwabo, lo "Avatar", esakhiwa ngo ukuthuthukiswa telepresence isudi. It kuzokuvumela, phansi, ngosizo amarobhothi ukwenza ucwaningo enyangeni. amathemba amakhulu ikoloni iphrojekthi, okuzoba nomphumela ukubekwa base yesayensi satellite kule planethi yethu.