Izixhumanisi zesimiso sezimali kanye nezici zabo ezimfushane

Ngaphambi kokuba uqonde uhlelo lwezimali kwanoma yiliphi izwe nesakhiwo salo, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi yiliphi leli gama. Igama elithi "umnotho" lingaba namanani amaningana angafani kakhulu.

Okokuqala, umnotho ucabangela uhlobo lobuhlobo bezimali, oluhambisana nazo zonke izihloko zokukhiqiza. Okwesibili, leli gama lingabonisa yonke imithetho yonke, imithetho, imithetho eqondisa ubudlelwane bezimali ezweni kanye nemisebenzi yezimali ngokujwayelekile.

Okwesithathu, isakhiwo sangaphakathi sezimali, ubunye bezingxenye zabo (izixhumanisi). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zonke izixhumanisi zesistimu yezimali zinemininingwane yazo.

Ngokwemali yezimali ezakhiwe kunoma yisiphi isimiso sezimali, ungakwazi ukukhomba izimali ezisezingeni eliphansi kanye nezemali.

Eyokuqala yiphakeji ehlanganisa zonke izixhumanisi ohlelweni lwezimali olwenza ukusatshalaliswa kwezimali ezifanele (isabelomali kanye nesabelomali), izimali zomasipala. Ngamanye amazwi, i-goskredit, isikweletu somasipala, uhlelo lwesabelomali lungabhekwa njengezixhumanisi ezivela kuzo izimali eziyinhloko.

Imali ehloniphekile yemali yingxenye yezingxenye ezibandakanya ekwakheni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezimali zabantu ngabanye kanye nezinhlangano eziqhuba ibhizinisi elihlukile. Lezi yizimali zezinkampani, izinkampani, njll izinhlangano ezizimele, ezixhaswe yi-IP, izakhiwo ezingenzi inzuzo, izindlu.

Masichaze kafushane zonke izixhumanisi zesimiso sezimali, cabangela izici zabo.

Isistimu yesabelomali yeRussia Federation iyindlela ehlanganisa amabhajethi we-federation, izinhlangano, izimali ezingaphezulu kwesabelomali kanye nesabelomali zendawo. Umgomo wayo ukubhekana nezindaba eziyinhloko zombuso wonke. Yisimiso sesabelomali, nezintela zayo , ukuxolisa , njll, eyenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngemisebenzi yamasiko, ezomnotho, ezombusazwe kanye nezenhlalakahle, ukubuyisela kabusha i-GDP ngokufanele. Lawula lokwabiwa kabusha kwezidumbu ezikhethekile, phakathi kwabo iKhamera yama-Akhawunti, iNkonzo Yentela, njll.

Ezinye izixhumanisi zesimiso sezimali (kulokhu, umbuzo wesikweletu sombuso nomasipala) ukuveza lezo zinsuku phakathi kombuso, iziphathimandla zayo nezinhlangano zezomnotho ezivumela iRussia Federation ukuthi isebenze njengomlondolozi, umbolekisi noma umboleki. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imisebenzi eyinhloko yokuxhasa ngezimali i-finance isabelomali, ukusekelwa kwemikhakha ebalulekile, ukuxazulula izinkinga zezinkokhelo zezikweletu (ezifundazweni nakwamanye amazwe).

Namuhla, okubaluleke nakakhulu yizixhumanisi ohlelweni lwezezimali lweRussian Federation, njengemali yokukhiqiza nezakhiwo ezingezakhi ezizimele. Kuzokwazi ukuthwala kubo:

• Izinkampani, njll. Izinhlangano ezingezona zobulungu, ezenzelwe ukuxazulula imisebenzi ethile yomphakathi noma yokuphatha.

• Amabhizinisi ahlanganisiwe, ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili eRussian Federation. Izangaphambili zisekelwe emisebenzini yesikole, okulandelayo ekuphathweni kokusebenza.

Izimali zamabhizinisi ezentengiselwano kubaluleke kakhulu ekudalweni kweGDP. Yilezi:

• ingxenye eyinhloko yezimali ezivela kuzo izimali eziyinhloko;

• umthombo wemithombo yezimali yamakhaya;

• into ehamba phambili ekusetshenzisweni nasekuhanjisweni kweGDP;

• isisekelo sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zomphakathi.

Izimali ezingezona ezokuhweba ziyadingeka ukuze kulungiswe izinsiza zezimali ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi yomphakathi: ezemfundo, ezenhlalakahle, njll, ezingahlobene nokwenza inzuzo.

Imali yezekhaya yasekhaya ayinakulawulwa yi-state, futhi izimali ze-IP zihlanganisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezimali, ezokuhweba nezokufuya.

Uhlelo lwezimali kanye nezixhumanisi zalo lwakhiwe ngemigomo yokusebenza, ukucaca, ukuhlela, ubumbano kanye nendawo yentando yeningi.