Izinhlobo amafayela: izinto, yokusebenza isimiso, ukusetshenziswa

Ukugaya imikhiqizo metal akuyona njalo kwenziwe ngosizo amathuluzi kagesi. Ngokuvamile i-ezinjalo umsebenzi abaculi wasebenzisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlamvu amafayela. Ababona, uma kulinganiswa nokwenu zikagesi, kuphephe kakhulu. Isisebenzi izinsalela ezihlukahlukene enkulu amathuluzi ukukhetha impahla ezifanele ukuba machined. Nalokhu Kulula ukusingatha, uma wazi ubuqili umsebenzi, zonke izinhlobo zamafayela nenjongo yabo.

Kuyini ifayela?

Leli thuluzi umkhiqizo ehlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili:

1. Steel ibha. Phezu kobuso stencil namantombazane ekhethekile. Bangaba ezimbalwa ongakhetha kuzo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu sebeziqhumbuza amafayela - elingunxande, esingunxantathu nxazonke.
2. Lokhuni noma le plastic isibambo. Nge iringi clamping, ekuvimbeleni ke kusukela ngokuhlaziya, it is ogibele shank tapered. Njengoba iklanyelwe i-lula ukusetshenziswa ifayela. Uma wephula isibambo kulula esikhundleni. Ukuze kukhiqizwe izingxenye esetshenziswa beech, birch nephepha agxishiwe. ubude bayo kumelwe nakanjani babe izikhathi eyodwa nengxenye engaphezu kuka-nomsila ifayela.

Ithuluzi ungaba letingemasayizi lahlukene. Ubude standard 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 no-14 cm Ububanzi:. 12, 16, 20, 23, 25 no-28 mm.

Umgomo we operation

Zonke izinhlobo amafayela okuqondene ngethuluzi lokusika. Zisetshenziswa ukudala osayizi oyifunayo kanye nokuma workpieces. Amafayela wakubo ngo ukugaya evele.

izinto

Ukuze womshini ukusetshenziswa sensimbi angidlali, izinga okusezingeni ithuluzi lensimbi:

• Izitembu ShKh15 noma 13X. Lokhu ingxubevange-chrome steel.
• U10A futhi U13A. Le mikhiqizo ngcono undoped.

Amafayela kusetshenzwe ngu lukhuni, lapho nobulukhuni 54-58 HRC. Lezi izimpawu ezisetshenziswa ukukhiqizwa amafayela zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa zensimbi izitsha. Ukuze izinkuni kanye nezinye izinto zivela amathuluzi ensimbi okuyinto ethambile.

Ithuluzi nge notch olulodwa

Lokhu notch (obizwa nangokuthi elula) ihlangabezana kufayela ekhethekile. Injongo ithuluzi sinjalo ukususwa ngesikhathi ukugcwalisa ezincane ungqimba metal. Amafayela Special esetshenziselwa ukwelapha evele emincane. Benza izinto zibe lula alole izinkuni akubona. Le mikhiqizo zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ezisansimbi elithambile, ukhuni plastic.

Imikhiqizo nge cross-section

Amafayela nge notch double, kukhona jikelele-njongo amathuluzi. Uma uyikha phezulu le mikhiqizo, ngaphandle engxenyeni eyinhloko, kukhona ezengeziwe. Engxenyeni eyinhloko yakhelwe ukususa izinhlayiya ezivela workpiece nokusekelwa - ugaye wabayisa chips. Amafayela double (elisizayo) imbobo esebenziswe lapho ukusebenza izinsimbi eziqinile nensimbi Alloys.

Amafayela ku-metal. izinhlobo

GOST 1465-59 - lawa mazinga asisekelo ukukhiqizwa ifayela zensimbi. Kuye ngobukhulu kanye nenani sebeziqhumbuza phezu 10 mm ziyehluka amathuluzi ezilandelayo:

1. Bastard. Amathuluzi nge imbobo enkulu. 10 mm ebusweni ifayela kumele 5-12 izicucu. I ezincane inani namantombazane, namazinyo emikhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze likhiqize izinhlobo ezingaphezu particulate ukususwa lapho ukugcwalisa imikhiqizo.
2. Siqu. Ingabe imikhiqizo nge serration isilinganiso. Inombolo amazinyo kuze kube izicucu 25.
3. Velvet. Lawa amathuluzi kanye imbobo encane kunazo zonke. Uma uyikha phezulu le-10 mm ngokubukeka 80 namazinyo.

Ukuze kube lula ukukhetha omunye izinhlobo zamathuluzi amafayela babe igumbi yabo: bastard - №1, siqu - №2, velvet - №№3-6.

amathuluzi Ukwahlukanisa isesimweni

Workpieces ube bobunjwa labehlukene. Ukuze operation efanele imikhiqizo enjalo uma elihambisana izinhlobo amafayela. Bona zihluka ukuma iphrofayli (cross-section). Hlukanisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo amafayela:

• flat;
• isikwele;
• esingunxantathu;
• round;
• Semi-isiyingi;
• ekhethekile;
• ummese-like noma hacksaw;
• nedayimani;
• ifayela okweqanda.

iziphi izinhlobo amathuluzi kafushane kuchaziwe ngenhla. Yini abasibekela?

aphoyintimenti

amafayela Flat esetshenziswa ukusebenza evele yangaphandle noma kwangaphakathi ayizindunduma flat. Isikwele esetshenziswa ukusebenza izimbobo isikwele elingunxande futhi Slots. ithuluzi okunjalo kwezinkolo kubizwa ngokuthi squaring. Ubude bayo 35-50 cm. Kuyinto ngempumelelo ezimweni lapho kudingeka ukususa ungqimba metal mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 1 mm. amafayela Trihedral esetshenziswa lapho esebenza engele zangaphakathi, anemifantu, izimbobo kanye anemifantu. Round adingekayo ukugcwalisa evele ngilugweda. Isetshenziswa ukusebenza nge round futhi izimbobo okweqanda.

Amafayela esetshenziselwa ekhethekile ukucutshungulwa engeli bayichezukisa kanye evele serrated. Lolu hlobo amathuluzi is amasampuli Slots emincane kanye anemifantu. DRACHEVO amathuluzi anemisila namazinyo enkulu futhi zenzelwe ukwelashwa surface kokuqala, njengoba kuvumela ukususa ngokushesha ungqimba elikhulu ke (0.05-0.1 mm). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, la mafayela nail babe ukunemba ongaphakeme. Ngenxa yalokho, ebusweni umsebenzi iphathwe cishe. Amafayela Akho Siqu asetshenziselwa kokuqeda wokufaka. Ngakho kukhona ukususwa ukushuba ungqimba 0.02-0.06 mm. Velvet asetshenziswe yokugcina ezipholisha isigaba. Uma uyikha phezulu le komkhiqizo isuswe opilivaem ungqimba thinnest (0.01-0.03 mm). Lezi Amafayela babe ukunemba okuphezulu lokucubungula okungukuthi 0.01-0.005 mm.

rasp

Ngaphandle ifayela zensimbi ukuze kusebenziswe metal amakhabethe nokunye ngomuthi kusetshenziswa rasps, okuyinto zingafani namantombazane yabo. amazinyo abo babe usayizi esikhulu futhi ube ukuma imibhoshongo, okuyinto zitholakala ngemva anemifantu ekhethekile. Isigaba engu- lokhu ithuluzi afakwe imigqa perpendicular eksisi. Rasps elisetshenziswa ukucutshungulwa izinto ezithambile: aluminium futhi duralumin. Made amamaki steel U7A, U10A. ubulukhuni kwabo 35-40 HRC. amathuluzi Standard Ubude:. 25 kuya 35 cm Rasps kukhona ezine izinhlobo: blunt flat, abukhali elinekhala flat, nxazonke, lulwimi yindilinga. Ububanzi ithuluzi - imithi kanye ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ithini.

Needle

Izinaliti kukhona ifayela kulencane. Wayehlose ukuba afeze umsebenzi eqondile kakhulu. Ukuze kukhiqizwe lezi namathuluzi asetshenziswa amamaki steel U12 futhi U12A nge nobulukhuni 54-60 HRC. Kuye cross-Sectional ukuma Needle yilezi:

• flat (blunt futhi abukhali elinekhala);
• isikwele;
• esingunxantathu;
• isiyingi kanye lulwimi isiyingi;
• okusaqanda;
• idayimane ezimise;
• grooving futhi hacksaw izindwani.

Yezandla ngempela unawo wonke izinhlobo amafayela. Kwanele ukuba ezintathu eziyinhloko - flat, esingunxantathu nxazonke. Libuye nesifiso sokuba yamafayela inaliti rasps ambalwa. Ngala mathuluzi, ungakwazi kalula nanoma yimaphi umsebenzi elihlobene ne-ukugaya metal.