Pear e Leningrad Oblast: izinhlobo, ikakhulukazi ukunakekelwa, ukutshalwa kanye nokubuyekeza

amagonandoda Juicy, elimnandi futhi okumnandi Njengabantu abadala, nezingane. Yingakho abalimi ivela kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe lethu zivame ukukhula zibe emasimini awo, la izihlahla zezithelo.

Ngo izakhamizi ehlobo eningizimu izinkinga yaseRussia ukukhethwa izinhlobo efanelekayo kuphakama. nzima nakakhulu kunjalo ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Ngokwesibonelo, abatshali banesithakazelo umbuzo: yeka ukuthi luhlobo luni ipheya isitshalo endaweni Leningrad? Lokhu namanye nezindaba ezihlobene ukutshala amagonandoda, sizozama ukuphendula kule athikili.

Ubunzima amagonandoda ezikhulayo Leningrad esifundeni

Kulezi zindawo inhlabathi ukucubungula eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngokuyisisekelo loams, isikhunta ingeqi 20 cm. Ngokuvamile izindawo enyakatho kuhluke nenhlabathi sandy, okuyizinto obukhulu kakhulu izakhi ayempofu futhi ebuthakathaka ukugcina umswakama. I evumayo kakhulu izitshalo kulezi zindawo, Peat bogs. Nokho, lezi nenhlabathi aqukethe kakhulu acid.

Siza ulungise isimo balimi manyolo organic. ungeze humus kanye izingxenye ezingekho ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izihlahla ipheya izitshalo ngempela kwendle eminyakeni yamuva sewusungule izinhlobo esihle abandayo nemithi ukuthi kukhona ngempela ukhululekile ezimweni ezinzima zezulu kweLeningrad esifundeni.

imithetho kokwehla Main

On the zalesi sitshalo, sizobe ukukhuluma kamuva, futhi manje ngingathanda ukuba zihlale kubo kokwehla izici, ukutshala nokunakekela ngokuvumelana izihlahla zezithelo.
Pear izithombo (ezihlukahlukene ngoba Leningrad esifundeni) futhi kungenziwa itshalwe entwasahlobo and ekwindla. Nokho, ochwepheshe bathi ukhetho lwesibili kungcono. Phakathi okutshalwe ekwindla nge izithombo kufanele ewa wonke amahlamvu futhi kancane ubisi ukugeleza ebhuthini.

Ekupheleni kuka-August ngaphambilini ihlelelwe izihlalo for kokwehla kufanele umbe kahle futhi ungeze Umanyolo inhlabathi (ngamunye 1 sq.):

• umquba 6-8 kg;
• 40-60 g superphosphate;
• 20-30 g potassium.

Ukuze ukutshala izithombo kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa, ubudala - iminyaka 1-2. Nakani lapho uthenga ubuqotho izimpande isihlahla abasha, esiqwini saso nasemagatsheni. Kufanele kube enempilo, nokunwebeka, akukho amaphutha ebonakalayo. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba zokutshala - engxenyeni yesibili ka September, kusukela ngo-Okthoba, in the band phakathi namanje ngempela efudumele nesitshalo kancane kubuhlungu sizijwayeze indawo entsha.

Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala umgodi encane (kancane kunangendlela ubukhulu izimpande izithombo). Inhlabathi kumele kube okuxekethile, ezizohlinzeka ukupholisa ezidingekayo. Kusukela maphakathi kokwehla emgodini 20 isando cm isikhonkwane. Ngeke ingasekelwa kumiswa efanele yezihlahla. Ngenhla phansi, kumelwe avuke by 70 cm.

ukunakekelwa

Ngakho, ipheya uvele kusayithi lakho. Leningrad Oblast izinhlobo ngokuvamile kudingeka ukuthambisa njalo ukulinganisela - akukho kuka 10 amalitha ngeliviki. Okuhlukile mthetho kungaba nesomiso esikhulu esathinta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlahla, nidinga entwasahlobo efaka umquba umquba.

Ngo ekwindla, le yokumba zokugcina enhlabathini okwenza Umanyolo efanayo ngesikhathi kokwehla. Emhlabeni amagonandoda isiqu, cm 30, waphetha Ketha inkatho. Bona ngokulinganayo ukusabalalisa zonke umquba.

izihlahla

Cishe zonke izinhlobonhlobo amagonandoda ngoba Leningrad esifundeni (balimi Izibuyekezo uqinisekise lesi) beswele izihlahla. Le nqubo kuyadingeka ukuthola isivuno esihle. Kuyadingeka ukuba alandele imithetho ethile:

1. I izihlahla kuqala futhi ekubumbeni umqhele izitshalo abasha aphethwe ekwindla noma ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi "vuka" izinso.
2. amagonandoda Crohn, ngokungafani izihlahla kakhulu izithelo kudinga Ukusincwela eningi, njengoba kwakhiwa it is ngokwemvelo.
3. Izihlahla isetshenziswa ukudala poluskeletnyh amagatsha okhulisa amagatsha izithelo, kanye amagatsha kwakuwukuthi.

Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi le zilwane efaneleke kakhulu umqhele esihlahleni kukhona eyindilinga futhi oyindilinga. Izazi abanolwazi bavamise kucasha imiqhele ayingcosana-tiered kokuba 5-10 amagatsha zazo wahlela eziyizitezi.

izinhlobo zokuqala

Lapho umgcini-nsimu ecabanga mayelana nombuzo, yeka ukuthi luhlobo luni amagonandoda ekhethelwe Leningrad esifundeni, ke ikhathalela ngokuyinhloko hardiness yayo futhi izithelo yokuvuthwa. Summer sifushane kulezi zindawo, ngisho entwasahlobo ka njalo ekuseni yesithwathwa, ekwindla iza kusesenesikhathi. Yingakho abalimi ngokuyinhloko uncamela ekuseni noma izinhlobo maphakathi-zakuqala.

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi namuhla abanye elidala Petersburg ipheya abatshali ngempela undeservedly ukhohliwe. Yiqiniso, kunzima ancintisane ezintsha noma abalimi ezihlanganisa amakhorali ahlukahlukene eningizimu. Northern izithelo kunalokho ezincane - isisindo sabo ingeqi 80 amagremu, zigcinwa nokuvuthwa esingeqile ezinsukwini ezingu-30 ngaphezulu, kakhulu ukulahlekelwa nozakwabo eningizimu ukunambitha, kodwa has a high hardiness ebusika, futhi kahle ingashintshwa ukuze izimo ezinzima zezulu.

Ngezinye Pavlovsk esiteshini abasebenzi vir sisebenza yokuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha ngcono endawni emasimini enyakatho. Ngezansi sethula wena izinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu amagonandoda ngoba Leningrad esifundeni. Mhlawumbe omunye wabo azokuthanda.

Pushkinskaya

Isixazululo balimi zisebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo ekuseni ithini lamapheya esifundeni Leningrad ulungisiswa. Bavumela ngoba sasehlobo esifushane sikhule isitshalo izithelo elimnandi.

Pear Pushkinskaya - kungcono isihlahla namandla ngempela has a oyindilinga, umqhele ububanzi lisakazeka. Izimbali iqala ngesikhathi rannesrednie. Izithelo liphuza isayizi, simo futhi kubarevidnuyu aphuzi, ne umbala othi awube.
Inyama amnandi kanye namanzi kakhulu futhi ukunambitheka kancane okunoshukela. Sibathelela ingaphezulu kuka kwekilasi. Izithelo baqale uvuthwe ekuqaleni kuka-September, zigcinwa nokuvuthwa esingeqile ezinsukwini ezingaphezu kuka-10. Izinhlobonhlobo kuba eziqinile ebusika.

Early Pavlovskaya

Enye ipheya ngoba Leningrad esifundeni. Izinhlobonhlobo efanelekayo esifundeni, libhekene ukumelana ngenyanga. Kuyinto ayihlukile neze futhi lokhu ezihlukahlukene. Umuthi ubonisa umqhele ezibanzi. Izimbali senzeka Ephakathi eside. Izithelo kukhona kunalokho amancane, oluhlaza ukukhanya, othi awube. Inyama ithenda, ezinoshukela, zizwakale kahle, namanzi.

Kuyinto eziqinile ebusika futhi ezihlukahlukene elikhiqizayo. Ulibo uzolunga ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Abanaso kuhluke lozhkostyu (egcinwe izinsuku akukho engaphezu kwemihlanu).

inkumbulo Yakovlev

ipheya langa and ethandwa kakhulu. Leningrad Oblast izinhlobo Olivier de Serres nengcikitsi abangu sawela abalimi S. P. Yakovlevym, J. S. futhi Nesterov P. N. Yakovlevym. Umphumela waba uhlobo kwentwasahlobo.

Izinkuni uphansi, libhekene ukukhula ngesivinini. eyindilinga Crohn. Amagatsha sikhule engela sesihlahla, ngemva kwesikhashana yabonakala kolchatki. Crohn bushelelezi, ngezinye izikhathi uyaxebuka, grey.

amahlumela Okokuqala kukhona ukukhanya nsundu ngombala, futhi ngokuvamile limbozwa lenticels futhi prickles. Sezinso oyindilinga ukuma, abushelelezi, a izimisele kancane. amahlamvu obunesikhumba, ovate, dark umbala oluhlaza. Phezulu ezisontekile zabo, exhunywe a petioles kunalokho eside. izimbali White ziqoqwa ngeenqhema eziyisithupha inflorescences, babe amacembe ehlukile. Izithelo kukhona ipheya emise noma ezibanzi emise ipheya oyisiphukuphuku, nge isikhumba bushelelezi futhi shiny. Isisindo kuyinto 150, amaKhaladi ukukhanya umbala ophuzi noma ophuzi okusagolide. Peduncle agobile eside. Izithelo ungahlala isikhathi eside phezu amagatsha.

Uvuthwe ekuqaleni kuka-September, agcinwe kahle uDisemba. Inyama alube noma elimhlophe, polumaslyanistaya, namanzi futhi amnandi. Fruiting ngokuvamile iqala ngomnyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala. Njalo ngonyaka isivuno iyakhula. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-eziyisikhombisa umuthi uthela kufike ku-20 kg amagonandoda.

Pear ngoba Leningrad esifundeni: ezihlukahlukene autumn

Abalimi abaningi bakhetha sikhule lezi zinhlobo izithelo ozithandayo. Ngokungafani yokuvuthwa ekuseni ekwindla izinhlobonhlobo amagonandoda ukukhiqiza sokuvuna-September kuya ku-November. Ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu kunalokho ehlobo izinhlobo zigcinwa. Eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi lokhu futhi uyisithelo esiyisimanga: edliwayo fresh bona, ukupheka nabo sezimoto, sezimoto, compotes, njll ...

ipheya Leningrad

isihlahla naphakathi nge aminyene umqhele shirokopiramidalnoy fomu. Izinhlobonhlobo kuba yathela impela. Ngokuvamile kusuka amagatsha amakhulu umthwalo ayaphuka.

izithelo ezincane (80 g). ebusweni wabo elibushelelezi, elinombala eliluhlaza ngokuphuzi. Inyama Akumangalisi elithambile, ukhilimu-anemibala, isakhiwo okuncane. Izithelo abe ukunambitheka mnandi kakhulu. Nqampuna kungenziwa kuvuna ngasekupheleni kukaMfumfu. Izinhlobonhlobo kuba eziqinile.

Severyanka

Pear nezinhlobonhlobo for Leningrad esifundeni Severyanka edonsela balimi eziningi izinkuni icwecwe futhi okusezingeni eliphezulu hardiness ebusika. Umuthi encane nge ububanzi pyramidal umqhele. Kwaphela iminyaka emine ke ngokulambisa sifinyelela amamitha amahlanu ukuphakama. Okuningi nzima likhula ububanzi. Amagatsha sikhule engela. Amagxolo isiqu kanye lesikafula amagatsha kuyinto grey, bushelelezi.

Izimbali ekuqaleni, kusukela engxenyeni April wesibili. Izithelo medium noma izinto eziningi ezincane (85-120 g). Basuke ababethi ocebile ophuzi, ngaphandle othi awube. Nokho, izithelo isikhathi eside ngaphansi elangeni kungaba luhlaza obucayi Pinkish. Isivuno isihlahla kuqala ukhiqiza eminyakeni emihlanu emva kokutshala. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-iminyaka eyishumi nambili, inikeza engaphezu kwekhulu amakhilogremu izithelo elimnandi.

Izibuyekezo

Sethule ukuba izinhlobonhlobo ethandwa iningi amagonandoda ngoba Leningrad esifundeni. Izibuyekezo balimi abanolwazi kuphakamisa ukuthi lokhu izinhlobo musa zikhule kahle nokuthuthukisa ezimweni ezinzima zezulu.

Njengoba ukuba luhlobo luni kangcono, imicabango yabantu ahlukana. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi abanye abanikazi ufuna ukuthola isivuno sokuqala, kuyilapho abanye bakhetha izinhlobo ngasekupheleni ngaphezulu, izithelo zazo zingagcinwa isikhathi eside. Abalimi abanolwazi belulekwa ukuba athathe isixazululo ebucayini - evumela indawo ukutshala izihlahla ezimbili noma ezintathu ezikhathini ezahlukene yokuvuthwa.