Izimbali knifofiya: zokutshala kanye nokugcinwa endle, ukulima kanye zizalela

Minyaka yonke uhlu izitshalo exotic engavamile emibhedeni yethu agcwaliswa. Into akatholakalanga ambalwa edlule, manje ukuze. izindawo Bright eziqhakaza izivakashi ezivela e-Afrika, e-Australia, eNingizimu Melika, ujabula imibono yayo okumangalisayo ezungezile. Omunye zezinhlobo ukwazi kakhulu - ke knifofiya. Ukulima, nokunakekela akunzima kangako, kodwa ukubonakala bangaba umhlobiso wangempela ensimini futhi gqamisa yayo. Inani elikhulu nzalo ezifuywa zehlukene imbali ifomu, usayizi, umbala, akuvumela ukudala izingoma emangalisayo.

Le ndawo yokukhula kanye negama

Namuhla abaziwa ngokuthi knifofiya izimbali (ukutshala nokunakekela, ezikhulayo - ngemuva kwalokhu), lesi sitshalo kuyisimo imbiza zisetshenziswa kusukela uhlobo lwe efanayo futhi asphodeloideae subfamily. I zemvelo endaweni ukukhula - East ne-Afrika engeSewula. Ngaso sona isikhatheso uhlobo lwe has mayelana 75 zinhlobo, ezinye zazo kwandile ikakhulukazi izitshalo horticultural. Igama engavamile livela egameni sezitshalo German 17. Ioganna Ieronima KNIPHOFIA.

incazelo yemvelo

Zonke izinhlobo Ezikhula iminyaka eminingi, abanye basuke siluhlaza. Njengomthetho, zingabantu ubude (1.5-2 m), kodwa kukhona kwezinhlobo ongaphakeme. Lesi sitshalo esikhulu kunazo Knifofiya Thompson, imbali umoba ukuthi zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha ngamamitha amathathu. amahlamvu Plant ziqoqwa e ugongolo olukhulu (esidayisa), kusukela maphakathi lapho kukhona i zimbali ezingavamile futhi yokubukisa. Ekuzenzeni babe bancane, kodwa kakhulu Ornamental kufinyelelwa ngenxa yokuthi basuke eqoqwe inflorescence spike, sise kakhulu phezulu ubude sifanamsindvo. Knifofiya, betshala nokunakekela lapho ngeke bathathe isikhathi eside, ngalokwanele okusikhumbuza uhlobo lupin, kodwa inflorescence nenhle kakhulu, njengamaHubo ezidlikizekile.

Knifofiya berry

Olunye uhlobo uhlobo lwe okuthiwa. Common engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Emhlabeni wonke, ke umusa njengoba esimila Ornamental kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18. Kusekelwe Sabonisa inqwaba abalimi we nzalo. isitshalo Okude, futhi 1.2 m ukuphakama nge oqinile aphuzi tint evundlile. Amaqabunga lanceolate, toothed ku emaphethelweni, grey-oluhlaza. izimbali Olubomvu flower efihlekile kungaba bese uya orange, ophuzi, carmine umbala. Berry knifofiya, betshala nokunakekela endle ukuze umusa elula iyiphi esiteshini. Cishe zonke nzalo zihlobene kwezindlu kusekelwe kuyo, 'zinezikhathi ukukhula okusezingeni eliphezulu (kufika ku 1.5 m ukuphakama) kanye nezimo okuhle. Ethandwa kakhulu izinhlobonhlobo ezifana:

• UDkt Kerr - imitha has a enamandla spike inflorescence nabantu abangafika kwabangu-20 cm, umbala lemon-ophuzi (esesithombeni). Isikhathi izimbali - kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-60 (maphakathi no-ihlobo).
• Orange Beauty - hybrid elinezimfanelo ezifana, umbala izimbali osawolintshi.
• Fire Flame - izinkathi efanayo izimbali neziqu imitha, kodwa kancane esingaphezu inflorescence (25 cm) futhi luhlaza esibomvu abomvu.

Indawo kusayithi nomhlabathi

Iningi izitshalo exotic izingadi zethu ekuqaleni nayo esuka emazweni eshisayo. Ayikho ngaphandle futhi knifofiya. Ukutshala futhi anakekele endle ngemuva ke kulo mongo ukuthola izici zabo. Kunconywa lokuqala zonke izifunda eningizimu ne elishisayo futhi short, ubusika bakhona abubandi. Lapho ziqhubeka endaweni esenyakatho, kuyokuba nzima inqubo yokukhula. Esikhathini band phakathi, isibonelo, ematfuba ebusika enhlabathini lincane kakhulu.

Kunoma ikuphi, ukhetha izitshalo evulekile, izindawo libalele endaweni lapho kungekho okusalungiswa abandayo. It ngokuphelele ungeme ezisezansi, umswakama amile futhi dampness. Ngakho-ke, le izakhi umhlabathi liyadingeka, ne umoya ohlanzekile futhi umswakama permeability.

izithombo ezikhulayo

Ukuze ukhule ube isimila esesikhule kusuka imbewu, ochwepheshe batusa ukusetshenziswa kwento ukuthenga zokutshala. Lokhu kungenxa yezici ezimbalwa. Knifofiya, betshala futhi anakekele endle ukuba silula, kodwa iyona isitshalo eningizimu, futhi ngo-zone phakathi kwezimo imbewu nje awunaso isikhathi uvuthwe. Nokho, uma sicabanga ukuthi imbali kwadingeka isikhathi ukuqoqa ukwaziswa okuphathelene nzalo - a Ukuvivinya iyize. Esizukulwaneni yesibili, basinikeza eqhekeza izici futhi abanalo izakhiwo kwangaphandle Ngokwesibonelo umzali.

Ukutshala imbewu wenziwa ngasekupheleni March-ekuqaleni kuka-April esitsheni elingajulile nge substrate okuxekethile ukukhanya. musa bangcwabe isidingo sabo, nje bazendlala olumanzi kwenhlabathi futhi afafaze kancane. Kumi esiqongweni sezindawo ifilimu wafaka endaweni efudumele futhi okwanele. Izithombo ngokuvamile ngemva kwamasonto 2-3. Izithombo kufanele kancane kancane ejwayele izimo zasendlini, kokuvula ifilimu. Njengoba nje amahlamvu ezintathu kweqiniso, badinga bagxuma ezitsheni ezihlukahlukene.

Lokuzaliswa sokuhlukanisa ehlathini

Indlela ehambisana kakhulu yokuzalanisa izitshalo eRussia emaphakathi. Njengoba sekushiwo, imbewu akudingeki isikhathi uvuthwe, kodwa isihlahla ngezicabha bayakwazisa zom yabo ngonyaka olandelayo. zokukhokha kahle ngasekupheleni April-ekuqaleni kuka May. isihlahla nal bambe ngommese obukhali ukuhlukanisa enethiwekhi ingane, kwakheka axils amahlamvu aphansi. Imi kungaba kancane ezomile ufafaze namalahle. Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa uqhubekele ukutshala endaweni ehlala njalo.

Knifofiya: zokutshala kanye nokugcinwa endle

Frost e ababuthakathaka knifofii, Ngakho-ke futhi ukunakekelwa izitshalo, kuye indawo isimo lapho Simila kuyoba ukuhluka. Zitshala phansi yenziwa kuphela ngemva ungagwema usongo yesithwathwa ukubuyela.

Umhlabathi wakhona kuqala kudingekile ukuze umbe, uma kunesidingo, ukwakha imvundela ezinhle nokwenza amanzi. I emgodini ukujula incike ubukhulu zalesi sihlahla. Kunoma ikuphi, badinga ugcwalise inhlabathi evundile, bazithela bese batshala izitshalo ezisencane. Ekuqaleni kumele pritenyat, kancane kancane accustom elangeni. Ibanga phakathi izitshalo shiya 30-40 cm, izimbali kwenzeka ngonyaka ozayo emva kokutshala.

Uma ufuna umbukwane, engavamile futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo isitshalo linesizotha engadini yakho, bese makulotshwe knifofiya. Nokunakekela imbali aphansi elula. Phakathi yokukhula kubalulekile banakekele izici ezintathu.

Okokuqala, ukuthambisa ejwayelekile futhi uchichima. Kubalulekile amahlamvu amnandi zezimbali obuningi, kungcono nekuwusebentisa e sentathakusa. Ngo parallel, amabili ukuchitha efaka umquba umquba naye. Isicelo lokuqala izidakamizwa ne-nitrogen kufanele kwenzeke ngokushesha nje avele amaqabunga entwasahlobo. Esesibili - emva izimbali, zisebenzisa umanyolo umquba, isibonelo, umlotha.

Okwesibili, Ukukhipha, hoeing, futhi mulching inhlabathi. Okuqukethwe okolotsvetochnogo isikhala ukuze hhayi kuphela yokuthuthukisa sobuhle bayo, kodwa futhi ewusizo simila ngokwaso.

Okwesithathu, umpheme ebusika. Ezindaweni eningizimu, akudingekile, kodwa-bandwidth kusukela okusezingeni eliphezulu kuyadingeka. I plant siluhlaza, ngakho noma kunjalo akunakwenzeka ukuba anqume amaqabunga, basuke ngobunono eligoqiwe, eguqa phansi. Kungenjalo, ngonyaka ozayo knifofiya Yiqiniso, uyophila, kodwa akunakwenzeka eziqhakaza, njengoba kuyoba njalo ezokwakha eziningi oluhlaza. Sebenzisela yokukhosela Peat udoti coniferous amagatsha ngesihlahla sonwele futhi ngaphezulu kwe-material ekhethekile, hhayi abavuzayo.

ukunakekelwa Esifike Ngesikhathi nelungile knifofiey ukukunikeza izitshalo ngokumangalisayo engavamile futhi emuhle ngokumangalisayo. Imbali ubukeka kahle ngokufanayo njengomuntu lihlala olulodwa (Turf elikhulu) futhi iqembu - azungeze amadamu, kuxutshwe imbali imibhede. Ingasetshenziselwa okokusikwa izimbali ezinephunga elimnandi.