Izikhumbuzo zemvelo ye-Krasnodar Territory. Amachibi, izimpophoma zesifunda saseKrasnodar (isithombe)

Manje ngokubaluleka kuthandwa eco-tourism, inhloso okuyizinto imizila ku alondoloza zemvelo namapaki kazwelonke.

Kulesi sihloko izokwethulwa izikhumbuzo kwemvelo Krasnodar Territory. Sonke zibabaza amachibi zinkulu, ukufunda lesi simiso nezimpophoma emigedeni, sibheke lesi simanga ezithakazelisayo, kungathi ulwandle itshe.

Yiziphi izikhumbuzo yemvelo?

Ngokokuqala ngqá leli gama uvele wamazwe odumile Aleksandra Gumboldta. Kodwa kamuva ugxile eziningi izinto elahlekile nesayensi.

Namuhla wadala ngezigaba esicacile, elibonisa hhayi kuphela lesikhumbuzo izinto zalo noma hlobo, kodwa kwenza kucace ukuthi imiphi oswela ukuvikelwa noma ungowenani elikhulu.

Ngakho, ukuqaphela kule mikhakha elandelayo: ezikhumbuzo zemvelo, nemvelo reserves, amapaki kazwelonke zokulondolozwa kwemvelo.

Shono inani izivakashi lukhula namuhla phezu imizila ezikhangayo zemvelo. Phela, lapha kuphela uzokwazi uphumule, uthole ophethe vivacity, yokwelula futhi letfutfukisa imisipha, ukunqanda isimiso sezinzwa.

Abrau

Iklelisa ezikhumbuzo kwemvelo Krasnodar Territory, ikakhulukazi ukuhlala kuwufanele eLake Abrau. Kuyinto yasemfuleni enkulu kunazo zonke kwesigubhu endaweni. ubude bayo kufana amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka ezimbili, ububanzi - engamakhulu amamitha. Est surface area - 180 amahektha.

Leli chibi ngaphezu kogu lolwandle endaweni engamamitha amamitha 84. It undrained, ie awela imifula nemifudlana, kodwa amanzi ngaphezulu ngeke agobhoze. Umzila eyinhloko ukugeleza uketshezi - ahwamukayo.

ukujula Maximum manje kuhluka amamitha 11. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngisho phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule, phansi echibini kuyinto 30 amamitha ngaphansi kwamanzi. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi amanzi ukugeleza kwamanzi akukho ukunyakaza, echibini Abrau silting.

Namuhla-ke, ingabe le nkinga esemqoka yalolu lesikhumbuzo yemvelo, njengoba amanzi ayo isetshenziswa izidingo zalomuzi yezakhamuzi zendawo. Umsebenzi uragela phambili ekwakhiweni lwedamu ukubamba inzika futhi ningathuli ukuba liwele ku echibini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi ke bahlanzwe kusuka kodaka phansi.

Ngokwe-legend zendawo, echibini kwamiswa esizeni ehluleka emzaneni ngomshoshaphansi. izakhamuzi zakhona ziye zaba ezicebile nokunye abakhukhumele kangangokuthi anquma iholele kuze kube solwandle lwamaFilisti zemali zegolide nezesiliva. Ngoba iNkosi wesula emzaneni off ibalazwe bese ugcwalisa umcengezi ngamanzi. Empeleni, igama echibini livela Abkhaz elithi "Abrau", okusho ukuthi "ozwakala".

Namuhla, abacwaningi lokhu lesikhumbuzo impikiswano yemvelo ngokuphathelene kwesigubhu kumiswa izindlela. Kukhona izinguqulo ezintathu.

Ngokwe-mbono wokuqala, Abrau echibini kwamiswa ngenxa yokwehluleka Karst. Kodwa izazi zokuma komhlaba ungavumelani ke, ngoba amachibi Karst ngokuvamile bahlela amaqembu, futhi uvezwa elisebunyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo ngezansi akazange bokusekela lombono.

Le nguqulo yesibili - kusikiselwa ukuthi ichibi insali we olwalukhona ichibi elikhulu Cimmerian. Ukuba khona emanzini angenawo usawoti kancane kuqinisekisa lokhu conjecture kodwa akusho ezisikhanyisela umsuka ukucindezeleka.

Le nguqulo main futhi othembeke kunabo ubhekwa ukuzamazama komhlaba, kumhambela noma ezinye shift ka ungqimba lomhlaba. Ngokusho lo mbono, kwakukhona nenhlekelele, okuyinto ivinjiwe dlela Abrau emfuleni ku oLwandle Olumnyama. Ngenxa yalokho, amanzi aleli chibi kwamiswa.
Ukungabikho ezintabeni eziphakemeyo, lapho kumhambela kungenzekani - isizathu kuphela khona ezinye izinguqulo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ngicwaninge udaba uvuliwe.

Kardyvach

Noma ubani enquma ukubona izikhumbuzo kwengcebo engokwesiko we Krasnodar Territory, umane kumele uvakashele echibini Kardyvach. Lena ngomzimba omuhle wamanzi kulezi zingxenye. Itholakala amakhilomitha 44 kusukela Krasnaya Polyana ku Adler esifundeni Sochi.

Kardyvach - tetinkhombamagama ngokusebenzisa echibini. Umfula ukuthi feeds ke, ibizwa ngokuthi Mzimta. kwesigubhu ubude nguhhafu ikhilomitha, ububanzi - 350-360 amamitha, ukujula esiphezulu - 17 amamitha. Itholakala endaweni engamamitha 1838 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle, sizungezwe kwemithambeka Main eCaucasus Range.

Ogwini echibini ungabona iphakama ezifana Loyub, Tsyndyshho, Kardyvach (main futhi ihange). ENingizimu-mpumalanga Echibini izungezwe yokhalo Kuteheku.

Umsuka echibini - moraine-uwenze idamu. Lapho yeqhwa wathutha, wadala sokugezela siyikhiyile moraine. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa kokuthola lowo doti yamadwala, emafektri, amanzi isiba ezincane.

Nakuba Upper Mzimta futhi uyasondla Kardyvach echibini bezrybnoe ngokuphelele njengoba impophoma esezansi itholakala.

Uma siya senyuse umfula, kube ungakwazi eduze Kardyvach phezulu. Kulesi echibini, ngisho usuku ehlobo kushisa izinsalela ice, ehlanganisa ngokuphelele ebusweni izinyanga kakhulu elintantayo.

Agura izimpophoma

ezikhumbuzo Inxanxathela engokwemvelo Krasnodar esifundeni musa abashiye ubani nandaba. Noma ubani esiwavakashele lezi izimpophoma, ungalokothi ukhohlwe ubuhle babo nobukhazikhazi zemvelo.

Basuke etholakala Khosta esifundeni Sochi. Kunezindlela eziningana nemizila izivakashi, ababambiqhaza kungaba zibabaza ukubukwa emangalisa wabo bonke izimpophoma emithathu entabeni Akhun.

Ngokuvamile, ibanga kusuka ngowokuqala into yokugcina imayelana ezimbili amakhilomitha. Ake sithole ukuthi kwakungani imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana Agura nezimpophoma.

Ngakho Ngezansi unezigaba ezimbili. Eyokuqala wabo - nambili-kanti eyesibili - nesishiyagalombili amamitha. Uma uhamba endleleni, lapho uqala kusuka ifonti kaDeveli, kuze waterfall ibanga lokuqala kuyoba amakhilomitha cishe unyaka nesigamu.

Isilinganiso impophoma Augursky itholakala isigamu sekhilomitha kusukela Lower. ukuphakama Its 23 amamitha. Itholakala kancane ngenhla esigabeni engenhla, okuphakama kwawo kuyinto 23 amamitha.

Le mpophoma kwamuva linikeza ukubukwa ekhexisayo Eagle Rock. Kukholakala ukuthi kukhona kanye Prometheus waboshwa ngamaketanga futhi ahlukunyezwe kuye okhozi. Phakathi umzila, ungabona ngisho lesikhumbuzo hero wasenganekwaneni.

izikhumbuzo Natural ngezinye izikhathi eyayihambisana emagugu emasiko lesintu, okuyinto kwakha nomphumela ekhexisayo.

Salt lake

into Landelayo esisogwini Taman nhlonhlo. Kukithi ngokuphelele negama layo, ngoba inani usawoti kuwo 350-400 ppm. Okungukuthi, ilitha lamanzi ukuze uthole 400 amagremu kasawoti. Ngokwesibonelo: wasoLwandle Olufile iyona usawoti efanayo.

Uma ingxenye Kuban esizalweni somfula, ngenxa shallowing zolwandle Ngokuwa yokugcina, echibini sikhombisa inqubo ukwakha ichibi ezihlala emanzini anosawoti.

On the amabalazwe yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, kusenzima ingxenye Kuban esizalweni somfula, kamuva - ingxenye Bugaz esizalweni somfula. On the amabalazwe zeminyaka 1850-1912 kuba echibini, nakuba lalibizwa ke igama ethekwini. Kakade zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili, lapho ngokuhamba isifundo wazibonakalisa kuwufanele yayo, ichibi baba usawoti ezaziwayo.

ukubukwa emangalisa inikeza wezintaba eseduze. Okulandelayo ezocatshangelwa namanje amanye amatshe ezikhumbuzo bemvelo. ezivikelwe, njengoba uzobona ngokushesha, akuvamile abonise nengcebo yabo obala.

Uma kubhekwa echibini amagquma kubonakala esikhulu ezijulile. Ubude bayo ikhilomitha elilodwa nesigamu, futhi ububanzi - ikhilomitha. Wenza kanjalo uyokuqonda yamahlaya lesikhumbuzo, lapho lizoshona eduze. I Omkhulu Salt Lake ukujula ngamasentimitha 10 kuphela!

Kodwa ichibi akuyona umcebo enomkhiqizo wokumbiwa phansi indawo. Inani oyinhloko echibini - ungqimba shestidesyatisantimetrovy zokuphulukisa odakeni.

Lapho ososayensi bathola ukulihlola lezi imali, amanzi masinyane zeza wokuvikela wombuso. Phela, iqukethe ezingaphezu kuka-200 eziyinkulungwane cubic metres hydrogen ukwelashwa sulfide amamiksi!

Ubuhle baleli resort yemvelo ebhishi, okuyinto kuphela ohlukanisa leli chibi futhi oLwandle Olumnyama. ububanzi amamitha yikhulu, kanye nobude - amakhilomitha 40! Ibanga ukuze Anapa basibekela kulencane asebenza ngebhethri isihlabathi.

echibini Khanskoye

Ebhekisela izikhumbuzo wavikela futhi kuwufanele stop eLake lwesiTatar. Itholakala kwi osebeni esizalweni somfula Beysugskogo futhi iqondiswa kulesi sibhedlela "Yeisk".

Eqinisweni, limelela ngendlela efanele usaqala kumiswa Salt Lake.

Libuye ingxenye kolwandle, elisetendeni inqubo shallowing last ahlukaniswe yokuqala ishayisa bay, futhi waba amadamu ezimele avaliwe.

Ubude Khan echibini ubude cishe eyishumi nesithupha amakhilomitha ububanzi - eziyisithupha noma eziyisikhombisa. ukujula Ezazimzungezile - 80 amasentimitha.

Amanzi ingena kwesigubhu nge imvula futhi ngezikhathi ezithile kusukela Lima, esimweni umoya onamandla.

Ngokusho yetinsita echibini owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi ngenxa YaseCrimea Khan, eyakha esigodlweni lapha, ukujabulela amandla okuphulukisa zokugeza udaka wendawo.

Pshadskie izimpophoma

izimpophoma Local eziyinkimbinkimbi kuhlanganisa izigaba ezingaphezu kwekhulu, kodwa ethandwa kakhulu kukhona nantathu kubo.

ezikhumbuzo Zemvelo Krasnodar Krai ngokuvamile abhekisela zokungcebeleka kanye isici ebabazekayo zezindlela zokuqwala izintaba. Ziqhutshwa kusayithi nesigodi okuthiwa Base. Nantathu ezikhangayo ezinkulu zitholakala endaweni engamamitha phakathi 245 kanye 270 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Basuke zihlelwe ngaphakathi ikhilomitha elilodwa.

Eight zezimpophoma Pshadskogo eziyinkimbinkimbi esisogwini River Red. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke lezi, bese wehlise phansi emfuleni - Olyapkin noma Big Pshadsky. ukuphakama kwalo imayelana ayisishiyagalolunye amamitha. Kumayelana, ngoba omunye amabhange luthi ukutsheka ingxenye kanye jet hits emadwaleni, hhayi ngqo phezu kwamanzi.

Okwesibili eliphakeme e emlonyeni Igilebhisi Creek. Kuthiwa nguye futhi owenza bekhuphula ezingemuva uchungechunge izigaba eziyisishiyagalombili kanye itholakala endaweni engamamitha 270 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. jet saKhe kwehla ngamamitha ayisikhombisa.

Izimpophoma asele zitholakala phakathi lezi zidlakela. ukuphakama yabo zokhahlamba kusuka 4.5 amamitha kuya ku-30 amasentimitha.

Kochkareva slot liyaziwa neqhwa elilengayo yayo okukhishiwe, okuyinto lesi sijame njengebhoksi ingwenya. Ngaphezu kwalokho umfula umfula ugeleza Pshada Gorlyanov ekusakazeni. Itholakala cishe izimpophoma kweshumi. Lapha, ukuphakama zokhahlamba kusuka ngamamitha amane kuya kweyishumi.

stop Landelayo - izimpophoma 40 we umhosha, sifinyelela ongenhla Thabit. Kuzoba zidlule ezindaweni okunzima ukubona izinto amamitha angu amabili ukuphakama.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ngiphendukele kolunye ka Papayka rivulet, okuyinto agelezela Pshada. Uneziqu owumthelela - Black River. Ngesikhathi indawo yokugcina ye eziyinkimbinkimbi zasebukhosini ezikhangayo zemvelo ngokuthi Papayskie nezimpophoma.

Umzila uqala edolobhaneni Black futhi zenyuka ngokusebenzisa umhosha. Ngaphambi kaskadikov hlangana qeda mayelana ezintathu amakhilomitha. Kube sekuqala izimpophoma lokudlela. Kancane kancane, ukuphakama yabo kwandisa.

Eliphawuleka lokuqala uwela eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili sizungezwe umbukwane yemidlalo enamadwala. amamitha Ten umfula sesibili - imitha nesikhombisa.
Kube sekulandela uchungechunge izigaba aphansi. Uma uthola lapha, kusho ukuthi kukhona eduze base izivakashi "ukucaca". Eduze isethwe Convents, futhi uma uhamba phezulu ukusakaza isigayo (inflow Pshada) ungahlangana enye isethi nezimpophoma.

Ngakho, uma ukwazi ukuba sazise ubuhle yinqaba umdlalo rocks nemifudlana, kufanele nakanjani vakashela kule ndawo.

Vorontsovskaya emhumeni

Yemvelo izikhumbuzo Russia zivame besesitelekeni ngomlando wabo nomumo oluyinqaba zokwakheka ezahlukene. iphuzu elilandelayo isithakazelo - kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ekhexisayo amakamelo ngaphansi komhlaba. It likhona Vorontsov emhumeni uhlelo.

Igama lesikhumbuzo singaveli igama isikhulu abadumile kwekhulu XIX, kanye edolobhaneni eliseduze - emzaneni Vorontsovka.

Uhlelo imigede ise Adler esifundeni Sochi, eduze sifinyelela ongenhla emfuleni Kudepsta.

Ngaphansi phansi kukhona cishe eyishumi kokwenziwayo, okuyinto zitholakala endaweni engamamitha amamitha angaba ngu-400 700 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Kukhona igama nabahloli bamazwe emhumeni - "ukwa". It ukhombisa amazinga izakhiwo Monolithic.

Ngakho-ke lokho lapho udonga ngaphansi eyohlobo, okusho kukhona okuningi imifantu, kuba eyinkimbinkimbi amakamelo ngomshoshaphansi kumnandi ngenxa yobuhle balo.
Phakathi edume kunazo yilezi: Bear, Oval, igumbi onokuthula Prometheus sivale indlela engena emgedeni. Ezinye zalezi zakhiwo yingozi. Ngenxa imifantu eminingi izikhukhula zeqhwa ezintabeni ze njalo. Ngokwesibonelo, ehholo emfuleni komhlaba uzothola izinsalela cubic metres kufika ku-50 ngo-ivolumu.

Ngaphezu kwalezi amasayithi kukhona ebhidlikayo mahholo elilengayo futhi stalagmites. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke - iyona ayebuthaka noma Okunhlobonhlobo. ububanzi balo buyahluka lobunane kwabayisishiyagalolunye amamitha, futhi ubude - amamitha amabili. Noma ubani efika lapha, uku kombuso yinqaba zokwakheka Karst.

Leli hholo omude kunayo yonke - Prometheus sivale indlela engena emgedeni. Ubude bayo amamitha 120.

Abavubukuli ohlelweni emhumeni athole izinsalela amabhere komlando, kanye amasayithi Paleolithic lezizwe lasendulo.

ubungani isihlahla

izinto zemvelo kanye izikhumbuzo of imvelo kungukuthi njalo kwakhiwa ngokuzimela. Isibonelo salokhu kungaba iphuzu lethu elilandelayo nesithakazelo.

Lesi simila isivele engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili. Uma (ngo-1934), ososayensi Zorinym F. M. Wawusemhlabathini lemon zasendle. Inhloso yalo msebenzi kwaba umcwaningi ekususweni ezisawolintshi, okwakuyoholela ungesabi yesithwathwa Russian.

Ngokungaguquguquki kuye zigonywe izithelo ezahlukene mayelana 45. izinhlobo ezehlukene mandarins, amawolintshi, grapefruits nezinye izithelo ezisawolintshi.

Ngolunye usuku ngo-1940, sikhungo wavakashela Otto Schmidt futhi wambonisa umuthi-engadini. isihloli Polar ukuze inoculate komunye nomunye kwegatsha. Kamuva, ngo-1957, inqubo efanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe esiphakeme izivakashi evela eVietnam.

Kuze kube manje, lesi sitshalo wonder prischepleno izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-630 ezahlukene izithelo, futhi inqubo ngokuxhunyelelwa iqhaza izivakashi ezidumile kusuka emazweni 167 emhlabeni. izihlahla ukuthi batshala ababusi bakwamanye amazwe, amanxusa, zezinkanyezi kanye nezinye izibalo - "abantwana" 60 esakhula eceleni kwakhe.

Namuhla kukhona Museum lapho kugcinwa ziphephile phezu ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili isikhumbuzo abanamasiko nezinkambiso ezihlukahlukene. It wakhetha ukunika uma uvakashela ezinye veshchichki kazwelonke esiphawulekayo.

ulwandle itshe

Uma ukubuka Izibuyekezo on inetha, kubonakala sengathi cishe zonke izikhumbuzo engokwemvelo Krasnodar esifundeni eduze kwedolobha Sochi.

Kodwa lokhu akulona icala. Manje sizoxoxa omunye ezikhangayo Maikop wesifunda. Kukhona ezifana izivakashi amasayithi njengoba Khadzhokh nge dolmens yayo, White River Canyon, idwala "Ningaphathi by, Nkosi," nabanye. Kodwa engavamile kakhulu futhi ongasoze walitshalwa kuba ulwandle itshe.

Lena inkundla omkhulu Izitolo Karst abafana amagagasi bethukile ka olwandle olunesivunguvungu. Kukhona izimoto, Imigede nemihume. Emhumeni enkulu kuphokophelephi.

Ukuvikelwa ebaluleke kakhulu esikhumbuzo zemvelo. Ngokwesibonelo, kulo mkhakha is hhayi kuphela ezisetshenziswa yizivakashi futhi iholide-abenzi, kodwa futhi amayunivesithi amaningi mahhala ngezinjongo zokufundisa.

Kukhona izifundo emkhakheni zokuma komhlaba zithi zezitshalo nabafundi ezinye amakhono. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngo-engxenyeni eseningizimu Stone Sea elise-alpine ezimfundeni, futhi enyakatho - ehlathini. Okungukuthi, izitshalo zalezi zindawo wehlukile kakhulu.

Ngakho, kulesi sihloko sisazi nge izikhumbuzo kwemvelo Krasnodar Territory, thina wahambisana izimpophoma kohlelo, wavakashela emihumeni nasemigodini ukuhamba Stone ulwandle.