Izici ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla. Izici yokuxhumana emhlabeni wanamuhla

Ekuqaleni ingxoxo ezingase ngisho kancane nomthelela izici zezwe wesimanje, kubalulekile ukuchaza amagama. Zimbili ngokuyisisekelo ezahlukene komunye nomunye ngendlela ukukhiqizwa kosozimali: i-capitalism central (ortokapitalizm, kusukela esiGrekini - bangempela, iqonde) ne-capitalism ne-peripheral (parakapitalizm, kusukela esiGrekini - mayelana). zokwakheka izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho, siyehluka kanjalo: ortokapitalisticheskaya futhi parakapitalisticheskaya.

Umhlaba isikhala zomlando

Ukuhlukaniswa isikhala zomlando wezwe wathatha ijamo ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Imingcele ngokuyisisekelo okufanayo ngamazwe uhlelo kosozimali sokuhlukanisa ku aphikisanayo zezwe ezimbili zomlando: omunye wabo - eWestern isimiso sezwe ortokapitalisticheskaya, elinye - azungeze wezwe, lapho kwakukhona khona parakapitalizm.

Ukulandela Vector ukuthuthukiswa emhlabeni yanamuhla, iRussia langena engaphansi uhlelo azungeze ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, kanye namanye amazwe amaningi, okuyinto kwakhiwa parakapitalizm.

izici zayo ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla - kuyinto inqubo esikhundleni kwembulunga yonke jikelele. Ukudalwa isimiso somhlaba wonke eziphilayo mlando emphakathini - lokhu jikelele. Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga sociohistorical kudala umzimba owodwa. Esikalini yale nqubo - ngokugcwele sonke isintu.

Socio-zomlando umzimba, ogama lokuzalwa esikubonayo manje ikilasi, ngoba kukhona endaweni Uqhekeko. isikhungo Ortokapitalichtichesky, ukusizakala azungeze - amazwe aseNtshonalanga. Izixhumi Isetshenziswa - nomhlaba wonke. Izici ukuthuthukiswa kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla ngokuphelele kuncike izici izinqubo lokhu kuqhekeka. Kuyinto ekilasini impi yomhlaba wonke esikubonayo okwamanje.

Independence esongelwa

Insimbi lesigaba esibusayo yisimo apharathasi global, okuyinto lisibeka kwetinhlavu kanye ngenakugwemeka. I ukubusa isikhungo entshonalanga futhi bokuhlukaniswa ukuzimela yangempela kwezomnotho kanye nezepolitiki bonke eziphilayo sociohistorical azungeze - ikakhulukazi ezweni lanamuhla.

Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kusho ukuthi uma amazwe aseNtshonalanga uzolahlekelwa kungenzeka wokusebenzisa lonke izwe they surely ukubhubhisa capitalism. They cha fanele okukhethayo. Uma zombili lezi zinhlobo capitalism - futhi ephakathi neuropathy - afe, woza isikhathi ukwakha umphakathi ngokuyinhloko uhlobo oluhlukile.

Mhlawumbe kuzoba umphakathi ngaphandle yangasese kanye ukuxhashazwa zabantu komunye nomunye. Mhlawumbe kuzoba olulodwa - ngaphandle sokuhlukanisa by maphakathi kanye azungeze. ukujika okunjalo imicimbi kungenziwa wabikezela ngokuhlaziya izinqubo ukuthuthukiswa kanye izici ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla.

Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke: mikhuba emisha

kwamaZwe uhlelo libhekene izinguquko ezinkulu ekuqa- XX-xxi eminyaka. Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke uyathuthuka njengoba izenzakalo eziyinkimbinkimbi geo-kwezomnotho, geopolitical futhi geogumanitarnyh nge nethonya elinamandla ekuphileni lamazwe ukuthi abantu abahilelekile kule nqubo. Izinguquko ezenzeka yonke imikhakha yempilo yomphakathi: kwezenhlalo, umnotho, amafilosofi, ezombusazwe, isiko, imvelo kanye indlela yokuphila.

Umbono okwenzekayo futhi ngqo okuqhubekayo ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, kuyadida, ngisho iphambene. Abanye ukubona ibe usongo olukhulu isimiso sezomnotho somhlaba, kuyilapho abanye landulele intuthuko yomnotho kanye nokuqhakaza jikelele lwesintu, futhi indlela lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke.

Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke siguqule isikhala kanye nesikhathi nokuhlalisana komuntu. Isikhala onomfutho, isikhathi agxishiwe, imingcele, kokubili ezindawo kanye inter-state, kuba sobala. Umuntu uzizwa yokuthi kukhona kude indawo yakhe, ngisho noma ngakolunye Nenkabazwe planethi.

Okuningi mayelana umlando kwethemu nomqondo

Economist American uTheodore Levitt ngo-1983 owaqamba igama elithi "Ukuze ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke" encazelweni nokuhlanganiswa izimakethe imikhiqizo ye TNCs (YeSizwe izinkampani). Ukuvela kwaleli gama is zafundiswa sezokuhlalisana kwabantu American Richard Robinson.

Nokho, kwamukelwa kabanzi definition olulodwa lomkhuba kwembulunga yonke kwesayensi zwe lanamuhla ongakabi athuthukile. Ekwakhiweni okuchazayo luyingxenye noma ahlobene.

Ukuthuthukiswa ezimakethe zomhlaba kwenza ubuzwe nezomnotho alusho lutho. Nakuba-ke ayivezi kuyini kona ukuhwebelana kwembulunga futhi yini izici ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla ukuba ishintshwe njengoba intuthuko yalo: umnqopho we iletha noma ngesikhathi osithandayo, futhi mhlawumbe - inhlangano, focus bese alethe wonke amazwe endinganisweni ezithile.

Lo jikelele we emnothweni

Okokuqala, ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke - ngezinga eliphakeme ka nawubuka zonke nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zomnotho. Esesibili - ukukhula ukukhiqiza kanye nokuncintisana ephakeme ngezithukuthuku ukukhula Imininingwane ivolumu kanye nekhwalithi ulwazi, kanye nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe.

Okungukuthi, kanye inqubo nokuhlanganiswa nomnotho wamazwe ohlelweni global, inchubo yekusabalalisa emhlabeni wonkhe - kuyinto ukuvela isintu ukuze isakhiwo ebalulekile. Incazelo wesithathu elithi - indlela izwe ukuze izibuyekezo.

Kunoma ikuphi, le sphere ezombusazwe, ezomnotho, ezenhlalo nezamasiko emazweni ahlukahlukene bathambekele uhlangane, njengoba nawubuka elikhulayo izizwe, futhi umzimba social global kancane kancane iba omunye. Lawa izici ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla - i-social science, ukutadisha ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, uyawuthanda ezihlukahlukene eyala eziyinkimbinkimbi, eduze ukuzihlanganisa nabo nomunye.

Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke futhi kwasendaweni

Esikalini kwembulunga yonke isihlobo, zivele phakathi impucuko ngabanye, futhi phakathi impucuko ezahlukene, le nqubo ihlanganisa umhlaba wonke, kancane kancane esakaza nomthelela yonke indawo entsha bese zonke uquqaba amakhulu wabantu. izici Political bezwe lanamuhla - ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke. 10 ekilasini ngamunye esikoleni ukuhlola kwezombangazwe njengendlela abaningi abanawo. Futhi manje konke okusebenza ku ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke.

Kodwa kuzo zonke izinyathelo has a counteraction, ngakho-ke, kanye ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, kukhona nezinye izici ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla. Izifundo zomphakathi, kufinyeta kokuma kwabantu, wezifundo zezombusazwe kanye nefilosofi, uthi ukubuka inchubo yekusabalalisa emhlabeni wonkhe kungabonwa ngokucacile futhi zokubonisa kwasendaweni ngesimo ukuhlanganisa ngesisekelo imibono evamile kokubili izinhlangano zobuzwe civilizational. Ngakho kukhona izimo ngabodwa yamasiko izifundo ngabanye umzimba emhlabeni wonke.

uhlelo oludidiyele yentuthuko emhlabeni

Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, yebo, inqubo yomhlaba wonke. Ukwanda nawubuka ukuwohloka komnotho wamazwe ngazinye, exchange elikhulayo amasevisi, izimpahla, ubuchwepheshe, ezezimali, inkinga ngokuhlanganyela ukuxazulula - ukudla, kwemvelo, ukufuduka, nolwazi ngawe - zonke lezi izici umbono ezweni lanamuhla.

Nokho, ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke ayikwazi kungagcini nawubuka elula elikhulayo izithakazelo kwezomnotho lamazwe ngamanye. It ihlanganisa zonke izindawo zomphakathi, kancane kancane siguqule isikhala emhlabeni ibe indawo eyodwa - kwezempi-bezombangazwe, bezomnotho, tekwatisa, amasiko nezenhlalo. Kulula ukuhambisa ulwazi, izimpahla, imibono, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokutshalwa.

Izici yokuxhumana emhlabeni wanamuhla libhekene ukutholakala nangokuzimisela okukhulu kunangaphambili abaxhumene futhi uqondise ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi womhlaba wonke kusistimu ubuqotho ngokuphelele. Ukuhwebelana Kwembulunga Yonke - inqubo mgomo, uzilungiselele zonke izigaba yentuthuko emnothweni wezwe. Nokho, lokhu kuthonywa zonke izinhlobo izici ngamunye.

Izici eziyinhloko kwembulunga yonke

Global kwezomnotho, kwezombusazwe, ukuhlanganiswa kwamasiko kanye ubunye - lapha izici ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla. Ithebula ubonisa izici eziyinhloko ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke.

Niyabona futhi ukuhlola izinqubo kwembulunga yonke kungaba ezahlukene. Njengomthetho, abemukele kwamazwe asethuthukile futhi asathuthuka esatshwe kakhulu. Phela, isizwe uthi akekho kukhanselwe futhi abafi, futhi umbono capitalism global umane akuyona nokwenzeka. Amazwe iminotho ababuthakathaka umane kuqhutshwe umkhawulo amathuba, ngoba manje afakiwe inqubo global kwezomnotho ngaphansi kombandela wokuzithoba ngokuphelele nezidingo ezinkampanini zamazwe. Nalapha futhi, lawa izici ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla. Kafushane, finyeta, sibonisa isibonelo ukuthi kwenzeka ngenxa yalokho.

Ngokwesibonelo, Greece ayivunyelwe ukuthekelisa namafutha European Union odumile we-oliva, ngaphezu kwalokho, yena uphoqelekile ukuthenga utamatisi Dutch, upelepele kanye no-anyanisi. Ngoba imifino Dutch eshibhile, kodwa kunzima nakakhulu, futhi avunyelwe akhishelwe khona. Yini izakhamuzi Greece libalele sibekezelele ukuthengwa imifino kusukela enyakatho yezwe - ungacabanga. Kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi umnotho Greece akusho ukuwina kule umbimbi akuyona into.

izinkinga Global

izinkinga Global zahlukahlukene, kodwa ukwabelana ngokucacile ezivamile eziningi izici ezivamile.

• Ukubhekana nezinkinga zomhlaba, ukuthi lubalulekile izithakazelo kanye isiphetho sonke isintu.
• Usongo impucuko womuntu.
• Izinkinga ezidinga isixazululo esisheshayo.
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nomunye.
• Izinkinga ezidinga nobumbano umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba.

Ngokwesibonelo, izinkinga zobumpofu, nokungathuthuki, nezingxoxo ezithembisayo zokuqedwa kwezikhali, zokuvimbela kwempi yenuzi, ukudla, amandla kanye izinto zokusetshenziswa, inqwaba yezinto zemvelo, imvelo, labantu, ukukhula komuntu - ikakhulukazi ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla. Izifundo zomphakathi lizokwenza kafushane izinkinga womuntu, ukuhlanganisa kubo zaba ngamaqembu amathathu.

• Intersotsialnye izinkinga: izingalo emncintiswaneni, backwardness kwamanye amazwe, ukuphepha kanye nokunye.
• Izinkinga zenhlalo-yobuzwe: ubumpofu, ukwanda kwabantu, isifo, ukudla kanye nokunye.
• Izinkinga zezenhlalo nezemvelo: izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlola umkhathi, ukungcola kanye nokunye.

Isintu Lutho neze uthembeke ngokuphelele ukuvimbela izinhlekelele embulungeni yonke. Futhi usongo njalo okwandisa ngenxa isenzo izindlela ezehlukene emphakathini kanye nezinhlaka zomphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, lobuphekula bomhlaba wonke kudinga ngokucacile silwa ke yonke inhlangano emhlabeni. Izici yokuxhumana emhlabeni wanamuhla kakade uvumele ufeze isinyathelo kule siqondiso.

Inkinga oluthandwa

Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke bayozuza emazweni acebile ekugcineni zichithe abampofu. Mhlawumbe ngakho. Isiphetho isintu manje kuncike azikakutholi neglobalisticheskogo iphrojekthi kwamaplanethi. Ongamelana kwembulunga yonke ngokwakha zokwakheka inter-state ngamazwe wendawo.

Mhlawumbe bazokwazi ukwakha abaholi ezweni lanamuhla, ezifana China, India, i-Latin America kanye, yebo, eRussia. inselele wabo ukwakha ubuqotho ezivamile kwamaplanethi, futhi ubuqotho isidingo yakha ukuze alondoloze izici kazwelonke kanye nesazisi yesizwe ngamunye amasiko. Lo msebenzi iwukuba umoya okusezingeni eliphezulu!

cataclysms Global Kuvame kakhulu ngenxa yokuntuleka ukuhlaziya izimpande zofuzo komlando isizwe ngasinye indlela yokuphila nesimiso sezomnotho ngabanye, kanye nayo yonke indawo kwezomnotho okwenzeka emhlabeni wonke, adinga luhlolo ngokuphelele isakhiwo sabo ontological.

Izwe ngalinye uzalela ikhodi siqu kazwelonke zofuzo, okumelwe isetshenziswe ekulungiseleleni izinhlelo isu lembulunga yonke ngoba sokusinda mutual. Yiqiniso, lelisu, esekelwe isakhiwo kwezomnotho, ngesisekelo yokwakha kazwelonke, kufanele uhlinzeke ukunyakaza njalo umnotho.

Ukuthuthukiswa komnotho ezweni ngalinye kuthintwa ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, ukukhula komnotho livele libe uhlamvu jikelele, njengoba ingxenye yayo, hhayi kuphela ukuthi kunezinguquko kwezomnotho nakwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi ngokomoya, kanye namasiko. Izici yokuxhumana emhlabeni wanamuhla uvumele interpenetration kwanoma iyiphi uhlelo.

Nokho, wonke wonke umnotho womhlaba akunakwenzeka ukuba abe jikelele. Ngakho-ke, kufanele wenze kube nomphumela omubi - ukuzivumelanisa kwembulunga yonke jikelele kanye nezikhungo kwezomnotho yamazwe ahlukene. Amasiko ayikwazi ukuvimbela ukuvela kwembulunga yonke, kuphela ukusiza ukugwema luhloboluni izingxabano zomhlaba ngezizathu yobuhlanga.

Ungabona kanjani waphumelela umnotho China sika, nakuba yakwazi ukugcina zonke nezikhungo zendabuko. Umqondo womuntu oyedwa imperial esisha kwaba ngempela iphila, ekubeni futhi okunye wangempela kakhulu ekulondolozeni lonke globalism Western ukuthambekela emhlabeni unipolar.

Mayelana Russia - liyigama elikhethekile. Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke izinqubo nomthelela phezu kwayo, futhi liyoshiswa kuphela enze ukukhetha okubalulekile emlandweni. Yena linencazelo ekhethekile ngoba kulapho isiphetho kuyonqunywa, futhi isimo isiRashiya, futhi izizwe abahlala ku nomkhawulo walo, ne ngokwezinga elikhulu - lonke ikusasa emhlabeni.