Izakhiwo elisohlangothini ephakathi eYurophu

Esikhundleni kwezobuciko isitayela Romanesque elanqoba eNtshonalanga Yurophu kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XII, kwafika ifomu ovuthiwe yobuciko - Gothic. Ingabe umsuka Italian kwegama isitayela ngokuvamile lihunyushwa ngokuthi "okuthile ngesihluku, engavamile."

Incazelo emfushane isitayela Gothic bokwakha

izakhiwo Gothic has izici zayo siqu ethize ungaboniswa ngisho amagama amathathu: idolobha, zomkhosi, Chivalry. Lapho ngigqolozela up Imikhandlu yaphela ngo emigwaqweni emincane, amafasitela abanzi babe ingilazi okwesibhakabhaka kanye drapery. Imibala eyinhloko lesi sitayela abhekwa eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, phuzi futhi zibe bomvu. Gothic esingokwemvelo Lancet umugqa yayinamakhothamo, kwakhiwa kusukela lwesikhathi ezimbili intersecting futhi finned umugqa latiphindzako. Ngokuya zonke izakhiwo atholwe umumo elingunxande. Bakhandwa ehlotshiswe kuphenduke izinsika nemengamo olucijile. Stone takhiwo steel isidumbu, obucayi, babonakala benesikhathi ikakhulukazi wagcizelela skeleton of the isakhiwo. amafasitela ukudonsa ehlotshiswe ezimibalabala emawindini engilazi apendiwe, futhi phezulu esakhiweni ngokuvamile ukuthi lihlotshiswe encane round amafasitela zokuhlobisa. I ezicijile lwaleli umnyango kuvuleka akheke ribbed futhi iminyango ngokwawo enziwa oki. izakhiwo Gothic ayefundwa, ngisho nezinto zangaphakathi: amahholo okusezingeni eliphezulu ezakhiwa eside kaJesu. Ukube wonke, isikhungo bese ngokuqinisekile zikleliswe irowu ngamakhalamu, wenza ngokhuni odongeni panel, coffered uphahla fan noma nemengamo nge izisekelo. Konke lokhu - Gothic.

amasonto Gothic yase-Europe

izakhiwo Gothic KweNkathi Ephakathi - okungukuthi, ngokuyinhloko amathempeli, amasonto, amasonto ababhishobhi zezindela, ngokuba art Gothic kakhulu kakhulu inkolo e nodaba futhi zanxusa i-iphakade ophakeme amandla waphezulu ezulwini. Ukuze lwenzeke kithi lolu ubuhle lezi zakhiwo, sibheke ezimbalwa abameleli bhá yobuciko Gothic, amasonto ababhishobhi edume kunazo European.

inhliziyo Vienna sika. Austria. Cathedral St kukaStefanu

Yakhiwa amanxiwa amasonto amabili, wasinda izimpi eziningi kanye namuhla iwuphawu inkululeko kuzo zonke izakhamuzi.

Burgos Cathedral. Spain

Cathedral Medieval, elakhiwa ngo-wokudumisa iNcasakazi uMariya, owaziwa ngokuba lingakanani ezinkulukazi ngempela futhi izakhiwo esiyingqayizivele.

France. WaseReims. Reims Cathedral

Kulapha khona ngokomthetho ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele zonke mithi French.

Italy. Milan. Milan Cathedral

Lena lombhishobhi bethenjiswa inzalo enkulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kangaka Gothic. Itholakala kwi esigcawini main yeMilan, futhi ingenye imisebenzi edume kunazo yezakhiwo eYurophu. izakhiwo elisohlangothini Milan Cathedral muhle kakhulu, ngisho kunzima kakhulu ukuphila kuyo abagxeki ubuhle bayo ngiyaphupha nobukhazikhazi.

Spain. Sevilla. Seville Cathedral

Ngesikhathi wokwakha kwakuwumsebenzi wokuhumusha omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni. Yakhelwe kusayithi yobukhulu mosque Almohads ababulawa lokhu wayelokhu ezithanda kakhulu amakholomu kanye ezinye izakhi zawo, futhi wakhonza ngesinye isikhathi minaret, ehlotshiswe ngemihlobiso amaphethini ocebile edumile Giralda umbhoshongo sashintshwa saba umbhoshongo insimbi.

England. York. York Minster

Lesi sakhiwo wacala 1230 futhi kwaphela ngo-1472, ngakho-izakhiwo gothic lombhishobhi kuhlanganisa zonke izigaba yentuthuko yayo. York Minster ingenye amasonto amabili ngobukhulu futhi oyisithabathaba Gothic ngaphezu lombhishobhi e Cologne (Germany) e-Europe. Idume Amafasitela alo amahle namabala-glass.

France. Paris. Notre Dame

Notre-Dame de Paris iyona edume kunayo French lamaGoth izakhiwo isitayela esingokwemvelo, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu kanye emawindini engilazi apendiwe mhlawumbe. Disemba 2, 1804 ku izindonga zawo yagcotshwa sobukhosi imperial ngu Napoleon Bonapart.

Germany. Cologne. Cologne Cathedral

Ukwakhiwa leli sonto eyenziwa eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-600. Ukuphakama lokhu ukwakhiwa omkhulu ngempela - 157,4 amamitha. Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka, luwuphawu sabo enkabeni yedolobha bakhangisa esontweni main Archdiocese of Cologne.

Italy. Florence. Santa Maria del Fiore

Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu sezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu eFlorence, izindonga zawo sangaphandle uphahlwe zemabula panel anemibala ehlukene: white, pink, oluhlaza. Kodwa okuphawuleka kakhulu kunomzimba waso omkhulu isitini Dome.

France. Chartres. Chartres Cathedral izakhiwo French Gothic lombhishobhi iyagcinwa cishe ngokuphelele, iningi yasekuqaleni Amafasitela alo namabala nengilazi basala cishe isetshenzwe kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIII.