Iyini ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle?

Ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle ... Leli gama, mhlawumbe, liyaziwa kubo bonke abafundi. Sivame ukuhlangana naye emaphephandabeni, kumawebhusayithi, kumagazini abathandwayo besayensi, kanye nokubuka amafilimu edokhumenti.

Manje ake sizame ukukunikeza incazelo eqondile.

Isigaba 1. Ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Ulwazi jikelele

Leli gama kufanele liqondwe ngokuthi ukuphakama okuphelele noma uphawu oluphelele, okungukuthi, ukuxhumanisa esikhala sesithathu-ntathu esibonisa ukuphakama lapho into ekhona khona ngezinga elwandle.

Ezinye izinkomba ezimbili zendawo yendawo yilezi zindawo nobude.

Lapha, isibonelo, eMoscow. Ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle lendawo ehluke kakhulu: ukuphakama okungu-255 m (hhayi eduze nesiteshi sesitimela "Teply Stan"), kanti ubuncane - 114.2 m - eduze namabhuloho aseBesedinsky, lapho uMfula waseMoscow ushiya khona umuzi.

Ngokuvamile, uma sisebenza ngokulinganisa ngokomzimba, khona-ke ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga elwandle akulutho ngaphandle kwebanga eliqondile, kusukela eqinisweni, into eyodwa ngokwayo ngokwengxenye ephakathi kolwandle, okungafanele ukuphazanyiswa ngamanzi noma ukuphazanyiswa.

Le nzuzo kokubili ihle futhi ingalungile. Konke, kulula kakhulu lapha: okungaphezu kwezilwandle, ithola isibonakaliso "plus", nangaphansi, ngokulandelana, "khipha".

Ngandlela-thile, umuntu akakwazi kodwa uqaphele iqiniso lokuthi ngokukhuphula inani lalo, ukwehla kwengcindezi yomkhathi kubonakala.

Uma sikhuluma ngezwe lethu, khona-ke indawo ephakeme kunazo zonke eRussia ibhekwa njengamamitha angu-5642 u-Elbrus, kodwa ophansi kunayo yonke ingabizwa ngokuthi i- Caspian Sea ngokuphakama ngokuphelele okungaba ngu-28 m.

Isigaba 2. Ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Indawo ephakeme kakhulu emhlabeni

Kodwa-ke, le Everest iyintaba eyaziwayo ephakathi nendawo yezintaba ze-Himalaya, emngceleni wezinkanyezi ezimbili zaseNingizimu Asia, eNepal naseTibet.

Kuze kube manje, ukuphakama kwalo kungamamitha angu-8848. Amagama athi "namuhla" awawona ngengozi. Ngokusho kososayensi, indawo yomhlaba isaqhubeka, ngakho-ke le nhlanhla, nakuba ingaqondakali, ikhula njalo ngonyaka.

Uma uhlolisisa emlandweni, cishe ngokushesha ungathola ulwazi ukuthi abaqhawe bokuqala be-Chomolungma babeyi- Edmund Hillary (eNew Zealand) nokuqeda iNorgay (eNepal). Empeleni benza ukuphakama kwamaqhawe ngoMeyi 28, 1953. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, u-Everest uye waba uhlobo lweMecca ngamakhulu nezinkulungwane zabagibeli bezintaba, abagibeli bezinye izivakashi.

Isigaba 3. Ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Indawo ephansi kakhulu emhlabeni

Kulesi simo, konke kunzima kakhulu. Iphuzu liwukuthi kunamaphuzu amabili anjalo eMhlabeni ngesikhathi esisodwa: omunye wabo - ogwini lolwandle Olufile - lukhona emhlabathini, kanti owesibili kuthiwa i- Mariana Trench futhi ejulile ngaphansi kwe-Pacific Ocean.

Ake sihlale kulowo nalowo ngokuningiliziwe.

Ngakho-ke, uLwandle Olufile, njengoba wazi, lungatholakala emngceleni wamazwe amathathu: i-Israel, iPalestine neJordani. Akuyona nje isidumbu samanzi saline emhlabeni wonke, kodwa indawo engaphansi kunazo zonke.

Manje izinga lamanzi kulo lingamamitha angu-427, kodwa lokhu akuyona umkhawulo, kusukela ngonyaka, ngokusho kochwepheshe, kuwela isilinganiso samamitha ayi-1.

Ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle ... UMoscow, njengoba kukhulunywe ngenhla, kusuka ku-114 kuya ku-255 m. Kithina, ngokuyisisekelo, kuvamile. Uma ucabanga ukuthi inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia ayikwazi neze ukubizwa ngokuthi i-hilly, ngakho-ke umehluko awunakwenzeka ukuzizwa.

Manje ake sithathe umhlaba noma ibalazwe elibonakalayo lomhlaba: endaweni ethile ejulile e-Pacific Ocean, hhayi kude neziqhingi zaseGuam, ungacabangela uphawu ngokubhala "iMariana Trench". Ngakho-ke, ihamba ngaphansi kwamanzi ukujula okungaphezu kuka-11 km.