Esebenzisa ezokuthutha - a ... Ukwahlukanisa futhi izinhlobo zezimoto

Esebenzisa ezokuthutha - idivayisi esetshenziselwa ukuthutha izimpahla ngomgwaqo noma imishini efakwe ke, noma abantu. Lenchazelo unika ngempela isithombe esibanzi wemoto. Nokho, umkhuba lokhu ngokuvamile akwanele. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana imoto equkethe SDA.

Uhlolojikelele

Okunemibandela ukukhululwa ujantshi izinhlobo trackless izimoto. Kukhona wahlukanisa self ezinezinjini nokuzihlonipha, ngokuba nezingxabano eyayimfuqa. Ukuhamba izimoto e mBhalo bunikezwa ukusebenza kwe-motor. Nokho, imithetho, kunesinye ngezigaba. Ngokuhambisana nemithetho ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo mechanical non-mechanical izimoto. Lezi zigaba kukhona ukungezwani phakathi ayisisekelo.

mechanical TS

sici ngokuyinhloko ukutholakala injini. izindlela Mechanical (izimoto) - kuyinto izimoto namaloli, izithuthuthu. Lihlanganisa imishini self ezinezinjini kanye nogandaganda. Motor kungenzeka yimiphi :. hydrogen, uphethiloli, igesi, idizili, njll Enye umbandela imoto enjalo izinhloso zawo. Kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela endleleni.

imoto ze-non-mechanical

Lezi ngokuyinhloko zihlanganisa amabhayisikili. Ziyakwazi imoto, kwasinda izihlalo zabakhubazekile, kokuba amasondo okungenani ezimbili nokushayela amandla kwemisipha abantu ezisebenza nabo. Ngenxa yale njongo ingasetshenziswa isinyathelo noma isibambo. On amabhayisikili kungenziwa agibele amahhashi izinjini. Sabo esiphezulu amandla ukalwe ingeqi 0.25 kW. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, basuke ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho kucishwa ngejubane elikhulu kuka-25 km / h. Kuzo zonke izinkethi zikuvumela ukuba ubheke isigaba non-esinenjini amabhayisikili imoto.

isigaba ekhethekile

Mopeds - esebenza ngemishini (ezokuthutha). Lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona we yangaphakathi omlilo engine noma motor kagesi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, mopeds kufakwe isigaba imoto ze-non-embonini yezezimoto. Isizathu siwukuthi isivinini design yabo 50 km / h, kanti umthamo displacement injini - 50 m ³ (noma amandla ezilinganiselwe umthwalo okuqhubekayo phezu 0.25 futhi esingaphansi 4 kW). Kuchazwa efanayo kanye nezinye izindlela zokuhamba. Lena ngokuyinhloko Scooters, mokiki nezimoto obufanayo izinjini.

esibalulekile

Ukushayela imoto okuqondene isigaba non-mechanical, akudingi izincwadi zokushayela. TC ngokwabo ngaphandle kokuba bhalisiwe, izimpawu (izinombolo) azihloselwe ngabo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi labo umnikazi wazo abashayela. Kule ndaba, ukulawula non-mechanical uhlobo lwemoto kumele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho.

Umkhawulo isisindo kuvunyelwe

It ephawula isisindo imoto nazo zonke izimpahla, abagibeli kanye nomshayeli. isisindo kuvunyelwe setha ngumkhiqizi futhi ubhekwa esiphezulu. Ake sihlole amagama. Umkhawulo kubhekwa esiphezulu isisindo kuvunyelwe wemoto nabagibeli, wezimpahla umshayeli. Kokweqa Inkomba ke akuvunyelwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ku-load yakho iphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-enikeziwe ngumkhiqizi), uzimele umshini, uhlelo unyathela amabhuleki, injini, ukumiswa, eziqondisa ingxenye ayikwazi ukusebenza kahle. Ngakho, kukhona ingozi yokudala esiphuthumayo. Umkhawulo kuvunyelwe isisindo ngezinga elithile index theory, olubhala e PTS kanye esitifiketini sokubhaliswa. Ngokuvamile, abaningi ukudida ngayo isisindo langempela imoto. Umehluko phakathi kwe lezi nemingcele izenzo kuvunyelwe isisindo Kumiswa kanye qha kwenela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kungenzeka isisindo langempela kushintsha njalo. Nokho, noma kunjalo, inani layo akumele kweqe mass kuvunyelwe.

Ngenxa esiwuphawu umbandela Isisindo

Ngokwe-mass isinqumo abazenzi ngezigaba. Amaloli zihlukaniswe ngale inkomba ku 2 izigaba. Eyokuqala ihlanganisa mass imoto kuzinhlelo 3.5 t, kwesibili -. Ngaphezu 3.5 m sibalo ukhonza njengelungu uhlobo inkomba imoto osayizi. Kule ndaba, amaloli, mass kuvunyelwe ngaphansi kuka 3.5 amathani afakiwe isigaba, ehlanganisa izimoto nemishini.

Kuvunyelwe exhumene isisindo imoto

Njengoba esiphezulu isisindo avumelekile izimoto ezihambayo njengoba iyunithi, uthola sebuningini isisindo nemingcele. Ukuze uqonde lesi simo, kuyancomeka ukuba ubheke imiqondo "-trailer" futhi "-trailer". Esokuqala imoto hhayi ifakwe injini futhi lisetshenziswa ukuhambisa ingxenye izindlela elihambayo yohlobo lokukhanda. imoto okushiwo okukhulunywe amadivayisi zihambisana ukuba trailer. Ngakho, uma kukhona ingxenye imoto kukhona eziningana, kuhlanganise ngaphandle izinjini, mass isiyonke kuvunyelwe kumelwe ilingane isamba isisindo ovumelekile kucacise umenzi.

Shuttle imoto

Kuyinto imoto lobuchwepheshe zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa umphakathi. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa amabhasi, trams, trolley amabhasi. umsebenzi ngokuyinhloko ukuthutha abantu ku umzila fixed izitobhi ezindaweni eziqokiwe. Lezi zinqola kuchazwe indlela yokunquma elandelayo:

1. Ukuba Ngowenkolo nengqalasizinda umgibeli zokuthutha.
2. evunyiwe umzila womgwaqo.
3. Ukwenza izitobhi ezindaweni eziqokiwe futhi iyafuneka.

ngokucacile

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi yezimfuneko zokuhlola ukhiye we ewachitha imoto ifakwe lwezikhathi inkonzo. Kungani lesi sici ime phandle definition? Iqiniso liwukuthi uma nje imoto ayikho indlela, kuba ezokuthutha zomphakathi ngeke. Ngokwesibonelo, Insephe umgibeli wehhashi egalaji noma endaweni yokupaka emva shift kuyinto imoto abavamile. Ukuze ezokuthutha zomphakathi kuncike lokungayikhokhi namalungelo athile. Ngokwesibonelo, umshayeli we umzila imoto Ungaziba umphumela eziningi ezivimbela noma izimpawu zokulawula. Ngenxa yalesi imodi yezokuthutha enikeziwe imizila okhethekile. Basuke banikezwe mshini akhethekile izimpawu.

Inkontileka ka ukuthengiswa imoto

abanikazi abaningi imoto kunesidingo ukuze lelisu imoto yakho. Kulokhu, inkontileka ukudayisa imoto. Nazi ezinye izincomo ukunemba kwayo. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we ugcwele ngesandla noma kuyi-computer. Ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe magama ayinhloko. Isivumelwano kumele ibe inombolo. Ngokwesibonelo, 01/2016. Ngemva kwalokho, le nombolo izovela TCP. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we kuyavumelana indawo nosuku kuthengiselana. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhombise ipasipoti idatha nomthengisi kanye umthengi. Ulwazi mayelana imoto kumelwe futhi khona idokhumenti. Bona ubhale ubufakazi kanye TCP. Car izindleko esabekwa kubahlanganyeli kuthengiselana. Inani amarejista e izibalo futhi amazwi. Ngokushesha ngaphambi ukusayinwa izandla umnikazi phezu okhiye amadokhumenti, umthengi - imali. Ngaphezu kwalokho inkontileka senziwa futhi isinyathelo TS reception.

Ama-app

Umdayisi kumele anikeze:

1. Isihloko sokuqala.
2. Sv-e nokubhaliswa imoto.
3. iphasiphothi Russian.

Umthengi kwenza:

1. Document lapho akhe identity.
2. inqubomgomo MTPL.

Amathiphu wokuthenga

Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi imoto:

1. Akukona ukwenza njenge izibambiso.
2. Hhayi-mboleko.
3. It has no izinhlawulo.
4. It akugcini imisebenzi yokubhalisa.
5. Kungabi khona muntu oboshwayo.

ngaphezu kwalokho

Ngemva ukusayina inkontileka umnikazi omusha is ebalulwe TCP. Ezinsukwini eziyishumi kusukela ngosuku kuthengiselana umthengi kuzodingeka wafaka imoto ku-akhawunti. Ekupheleni isikhathi esithile ngayo umniniso wasekuqaleni ungaqinisekisa iqiniso yokubhaliswa imoto. Kulesi simo, umnikazi bekaqakathekile ngemvume inkontileka. Imoto akuyona isakhamuzi, kodwa bhalisiwe ngabo - ukuthi benzeni kulesi simo? Umnikazi wangaphambili unelungelo sokuqeda yokubhalisa ngokuletha amaphoyisa omgwaqo isivumelwano okuhambisanayo. Uma usuku kuthengiselana isenzo nqubomgomo eqeda, isakhamuzi ilungelo ukubuyela ngemali yakhe. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukubala izinsuku engasetshenziswanga ikhalenda iqala nge ezilandela usuku ukuqedwa kwesivumelwano umshwalense.

izimoto Rental

It kuphethwe amalungiselelo Code Civil. Ikhodi enikeziwe izinhlobo ezimbili zemali ukuqasha: futhi ngaphandle nezisebenzi. Iinhlathululo unikezwa esihlokweni yabo. 632 futhi 642. Njengoba isihloko yokuvumelana imoto kuphela ukuthuthwa wempahla, abagibeli kanye imoto. Rental izimoto nge crew eqala kwalezi zibopho ezimbili. Omunye kuhlobene ngokuqondile ukunikezwa imoto iyasebenza. I sesibili siphathelene kokulethwa kwezinsizakalo crew. Umehluko zokulawula lezi zinhlobo zokukhokhelwa zimi kanje. Izibopho wokusebenza imoto, uma ngaphandle nezisebenzi, kuthiwa kwabalelwa kuya umqashisi. Esimeni sesibili abasenzela eyisakhamuzi. Inkokhelo, okuyinto angena ngumsebenzisi ubizwa ngokuthi yezimpahla. TC Crew, lesi sinqumo rent, ungaphansi kokubili umqashi kanye umnikazi. Yimina imbangela ukulimala besithathu isakazwa kuye ngezimo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma imoto kunikezwa ngaphandle iqembu, it has a eyisakhamuzi. Kungase ikhululwe emthwalweni uma efakazela ukuthi umonakalo kwaba umphumela izenzo isisulu noma i-force majeure. Lapho baqasha imoto nge crew obhekene ukulimala umninindlu.

isiphetho

Okwamanje, kunezinto nenamba enkulu izimoto ezihlukahlukene. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isigaba imoto, abashayeli kumele kuhambisane SDA. Imithetho elawula ukumiswa kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihambisana hhayi kuphela ukunyakaza ngokushesha emigwaqweni, kodwa futhi ukubhaliswa kanye nokusebenza imishini. Abashayeli kudingeka sikhumbule ukuthi imoto akuyona nje izindlela zokuhamba kodwa futhi njengendlela umthombo ingozi. Kule ndaba, isimo into kudingeka kucatshangwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngokuba nokuvimbela izimo eziphuthumayo ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi Kunconywa ukuxilonga izimoto. Ngo ukuthengiselana kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela imibhalo ahlinzekwa umdayisi. Lomthengi, esikhundleni salokho, kudingeka babhalise imoto ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.