Iyini indlela eyinhloko yemfundo ngokomzimba izingane?

imfundo Physical wengane luyimfanelo ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa olunzulu ubuntu. Lokho kwenza ukwakheka indoda kancane ezifana izimfanelo ezinhle njengoba ukukhuthala, ukuzinikela nomsebenzi weqembu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfundo ngokomzimba kanye nezempilo ophishekela imigomo. Kusiza ugobile efanele yomgogodla, ukuqinisa umsipha-articular futhi uhlelo imisipha, ukuthuthukiswa amakhothamo angu unyawo futhi ngcono ukusebenza kwezitho zokuphefumula, imithambo yegazi kanye inhliziyo.

Esebenzisa imfundo ngokomzimba

Indlela ukuxazulula imisebenzi ebalulekile ukuthi uvumele ingane ikhulele ukuthuthukiswa enempilo futhi evumelanayo ubuntu? Kuze kube yimanje, amathuluzi ezilandelayo zifakiwe ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba zasenkulisa izingane:

• izici kwenhlanzeko;
• ukuvivinya umzimba;
• emvelo, nokunye. d.

Ukuzuza imiphumela enemisebenzi emzimbeni wengane kungaba ukusetshenziswa okudidiyelwe zonke lezi izinsiza. Loku kutawufaka sandla imfundo ngokomzimba izingane.

Indima ebalulekile kulokhu kunikezwa izici ehlanzekile. Lokhu imodi yokulala kanye nokuqeqeshwa, umsoco futhi sihlale siphapheme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, othisha nabazali okufanele afundise izingane inhlanzeko of nezicathulo lezigqoko, kanye yokuhlanza amakamelo iqembu, amagobolondo yabasubathi izesekeli.

Nekusebenta ndoda omncane kuxhomeke kakhulu, futhi izici zemvelo bemvelo, njengamanzi, emoyeni kanye nelanga. Ingane ngubani endaweni evulekile, isebenze ukusebenza emzimbeni. izici zemvelo neqhaza lukhuni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo lwabo wenza ukuqeqeshwa thermoregulatory izindlela zomzimba. Futhi ukusetshenziswa emvelo, kuhlangene ezihlukahlukene umsebenzi ukuze kusheshiswe umzimba futhi ngcono umzimba ozivikela ngayo.

Ukubaluleka ukunyakaza asebenzayo

Iyini indlela eyinhloko yemfundo ngokomzimba ingane kangcono? Impendulo isobala. Lo msebenzi. Zisetshenziswa ukuxazulula lahlukene lwezinkinga zemfundo kanye nezempilo, injongo okuyinto ekuthuthukiseni yomuntu osemusha.

Ingane kwenza eziningi motor nasezenzweni zahlukahlukene ngempela. Yena sculpts bese udvweba, odlala nangemidanso. Isiqalo nesigcino lezinhlangano zenziwe isenzo ebalulekile.

Umlando omncane

Kungani sicabangela umsebenzi njengendlela yokuthola Injongo eyinhloko yemfundo ngokomzimba? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, kudingeka wenze uhambo iDemo ku esedlule. Endulo, umsebenzi laliyingxenye ebalulekile bokuphila komuntu. Ngosizo lwabo ke ukwanelisa isidingo sezindlu nokudla, ukuzala, ukushisa nokunye. D. Khona umuntu egcina ngezigaba ezahlukene zentuthuko. Kanye naye base beba eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ukuhamba kwayo.

Yini eye yabangela ekusebenziseni? Kwakumelwe ngenxa yomsebenzi, ukuzingela, ngisho nezimpi. Umuntu kwadingeka ukuba asinde. Yingakho kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga umzimba ezifana amandla nokushesha, ukukhuthazela, isivinini ngokushesha nakalula. Cishe wonke amakilasi kudingwa amakhono womuntu kanye nekhono ukwenza izenzo ezithile. Yingakho ngaphambi kokuya umsebenzi wokufuna, abantu isetshenziswa rocks isithombe kwezilwane kanye adubule nabo ngemicibisholo. Kwakuyisikhathi uhlobo ukuqeqeshwa, ngenxa okuyinto hunter ithole amakhono adingekayo ukubamba isilo.

Ukuvela umsebenzi Lwenziwe ngenqubo zabasebenzi nemikhuba yenkolo, kanye nezinye izenzakalo eziningi ezenzeke umphakathi. With ukuthuthukiswa impucuko kancane kancane balahlekelwa ukufana eyayikhona phakathi zabasebenzi kanye nokuvivinya umzimba. Kulokhu, ahlukene motor umsebenzi kancane kancane ngaqala ngazihlukanisa izenzo ezithile. Baqala lisetshenziswe imfundo ngokomzimba komuntu kanye ngokuthi umzimba. Kwaba uphonsa, futhi egijima, ukweqa, ebhukuda, njalo njalo. D. Ingabe kwahlangatshezwana elamiswa umzimba ethize sokuthuthukiswa iqembu imisipha. Benza nge izinto noma ngaphandle kwabo.

imidlalo Yande neselula ukuthi iphakame ezikhathini zasendulo. It is eyayithandwa Rounders eziningi, izitofu, lovishki nokuningi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwakukhona ezemidlalo imidlalo (football, hockey, ibhola lomphebezo kanye basketball izinkantolo, nokunye. D.).
Ukudalwa ukuqhubeka umsebenzi akagcini namuhla. Ukuthuthukiswa izinhlelo entsha ethuthukisiwe kakhulu, okuvumela ukuthuthukisa motor umsebenzi izingane.

Uyini umsebenzi?

Impilo ka-phi ntu akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ukunyakaza asebenzayo. Ziyakwazi kubalulekile ikakhulukazi umzimba wengane elisathuthuka. On umbuzo ukuthi ukuthi iyindlela eyinhloko yemfundo ngokomzimba, kungenzeka ukunikeza impendulo esiqondile. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa kodwa futhi ulwazi theory hhayi kuphela esiwusizo sokuba nezinto eziqondile pedagogy. The main izindlela ezithile imfundo ezingokomzimba - kungcono umsebenzi. Zisetshenziswa inhlanganisela, kanyekanye ukuxazulula izinhloso zokufundisa kanye nezempilo.

A ezihlukahlukene umsebenzi njengendlela eyinhloko yemfundo ngokomzimba ngempela ngempumelelo ukukhiqiza yokulungiswa isimo psychophysical umzimba ekuthuthukiseni ingane.

Ngokusho imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba futhi umkhuba, igama elithi "ukuzivocavoca umzimba" has 2 nezincazelo. Okokuqala, kungaba ukucacisa izinhlobo motor ngezenzo ezahlukahlukene. Futhi ngikhonze njengomshumayeli wesikhathi imfundo izakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi umsebenzi waqonda imisebenzi ngokuphindaphindiwe reproducible kuhlelwe ngokuhambisana nemihlahlandlela. Womabili la magama izincazelo ube ubuhlobo obuseduze nomunye. Nokho, kukhona ezinye umehluko phakathi kwabo. Incazelo yokuqala yegama "ukuzivocavoca" kuba ngokuyisisekelo mayelana nokusebenzisa amathuluzi kukhona nethonya isimo somzimba izingane. Incazelo sesibili sichaza indlela lo mphumela ikhiqizwa.

Ezihlobana ukuvivinya umzimba?

Akusibo bonkhe bantfwana ukunyakaza asebenzayo enqubweni zemfundo. Izindlela Injongo eyinhloko yemfundo ngokomzimba ngesimo umsebenzi kwenzeka kuphela uma izingane umsebenzi okuhloswe ngaso ekuxazululeni izinkinga ukuthuthukiswa avumelanayo ubuntu, futhi kungaphansi kwayo yonke imithetho yenqubo Pedagogical. Njengoba ukunyakaza okunjalo bangase benze ukugijima, ukuhamba, ukubhukuda, nokunye. D. Ikhonza njengabameleli indlela yefundo ngokomzimba zasenkulisa izingane. ukunyakaza okunjalo ukusiza ukuqinisekisa umsebenzi ukusebenza umzimba kanye ngcono izimfanelo ezingokwengqondo umuntu. Kuyadingeka ukuba sikhumbule njalo ukuthi lokho kusho lemfundo esingokwenyama eziyisisekelo futhi akusho alinganisa ngayo abanye yasendlini futhi umshikashika izenzo.

Okuqukethwe ukuqeqeshwa ukunyakaza

Ukuzivocavoca siqukethe izenzo ezithile motor kanye izinqubo ezenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo kuzo zonke izinhlelo zomzimba. Kuphethe umsebenzi asebenzayo nezingane kudinga kokuthumela sengqondo bayazi enqophe elamukelekile yesenzo. Lokhu kuhambelana imisebenzi ebhekene othisha.

Kungani umsebenzi iyindlela eyinhloko yemfundo? Ngenxa ekusebenziseni kwabo kukhona ukusebenza abalulekile izinqubo engqondo motor izethulo. Kutfutfukisa umcabango, ukunakwa, inkumbulo, nokunye .. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwenza ukuvivinya umzimba kuqinisa amasistimu senhliziyo, onovalo zokuphefumula. ukunyakaza Active zidinga ezinye izingane amandla ukuthi ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa we ngokomzwelo indulungu sensorimotor imisebenzi.

imishini umsebenzi

Lo mqondo kuhlanganisa indlela lapho kwenethiwekhi edingekayo. imishini umsebenzi zingase zihluke. Lokhu kusho izinga nezindlela ngokubulawa (emuva, ukuze amasokisi kanye t. D.). Kukhethwa ubuchwepheshe kunomthelela omkhulu imiphumela izivivinyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nesimiso wayevame ukusebenzisa ezemidlalo imishini, okuvumela ukuba ulethe ukunyakaza ekupheleleni.

Isisetshenziswa iyiphi indlela yokuzivivinya umzimba has izingxenye ezintathu. Eyokuqala kuyisisekelo. Lawa izakhi eziyinhloko ukuzilolonga ukuthi zenzelwe ukuxazulula inkinga ukunyakaza. Uphiko yesibili ubuciko kwezikhathi ezisebenzayo ngokuchaza iyunithi. Lena ingxenye ukunyakaza, okuyinto ezibucayi. Isibonelo sokunquma umuzwa wokwenyanya ezingeni ongakhonza imilenze lapho jumping on the spot. Ukunikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe futhi imishini umsebenzi. Ziyakwazi izenzo matasa yesibili ukuthi kungashintshwa.

Ubudala izici imisebenzi

Ababelethi abanengi bayazi ukuthi indlela eyinhloko yemfundo ngokomzimba izingane. Yingakho, kusukela sisebancane inzalo, omama nobaba ukuchitha nezingane zabo kwezikhathi ezisebenzayo. Futhi ukuhamba ingane kufanele uhambisane umhlaba mdala kangakanani. Ngokwesibonelo, esifubeni ngesikhathi ukuphila umntwana uyakwazi kuphela umsebenzi yekwentiwa nemphambosi yekwentiwa-asebenzayo, ukwenza ukuthi kusiza abadala. Lezi zikhathi ahambisana emoyeni obhavu kanye massage. Sikhula, ingane iqala ukukhasa, ilungiselela ukuhamba, ngigibele ibhayisikili futhi aphonse ibhola. Kule nkathi idatha traffic futhi kukhona umzimba ezidingekayo ukuze nentuthuko yomuntu siqu.

amakilasi Okuningi eziyinkimbinkimbi ziqhutshwa nezingane iminyaka 5-6. Iyini indlela eyinhloko yemfundo ngokomzimba ngalesi yobudala? efanayo Izivivinyo zentuthuko jikelele. izingane esekhulile kuphela kumele kwenziwe:

• izinhlobo ezahlukene ukugijima, ukuhamba, ukweqa, nalapho ekhuphuka,
• ukwakhiwa, ukuvula nokwakha kabusha;
• umdanso uhamba.

izinhlobo cwaningo

The main izindlela ezithile imfundo ngokomzimba, okuyinto ekusebenziseni, ezingase zithathwe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Amafomu eyinhloko ukuqeqeshwa esebenzayo izingane yilezi:

• fizkultminutki;
• umzimba ekuseni;
• ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba;
• imidlalo ongaphandle;
• abazisebenzako.

umzimba ekuseni

The main izindlela ezithile imfundo ngokomzimba - ezihlukahlukene umzimba. ukuqaliswa ezikudlayo kwenziwa esebenzisa isakhi ezifana ukuthi lifakwa imodi usuku izingane njengoba umzimba ekuseni. umzimba wakhe zikuvumela ukubamba ezinye okusithiyayo ezisele ngemuva kokulala ngalobo busuku. Lokhu kunikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwawo wonke amaqembu kwemisipha, okuyinto enomthelela ngendlela enhle futhi ulungiselele umzimba ethambile ingane ukuze aqhube ukucindezeleka.

Isikhathi ukuqeqeshwa incike yobudala izingane. Ngakho, iqembu omncani ngokwanele umzimba imizuzu 4-5. kindergartners Senior ziyadingeka amaseshini ofika kumaminithi angu-10-12.

Zonke umzimba ekhethiwe ukuze ukukhiqiza ukuthuthukiswa esingaguquguquki amaqembu ahlukahlukene muscle we ibhande lamahlombe ukuyeka. Eminye isebenzisa ezinyakazayo ekuthuthukiseni lokugayeka kokudla emzimbeni. Kuyinto ezihlukahlukene kuzuba, nese ukugijima ukukhanya. Ngesikhathi esigabeni yokugcina izivivinyo ekuseni alawule ukusebenza kwe-izinhlelo zokuphefumula futhi senhliziyo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuhamba umsebenzi, umdanso izinyathelo nokunye. D.

Fizkultminutka

The main izindlela ezithile imfundo ngokomzimba futhi zimfushane ngesikhathi amakilasi. It fizkultminutki ukuthi Kunconywa phakathi, kanye namaqembu abaphezulu kanye wokulungiselela ngokuhamba ukuqasha noma ngezikhawu phakathi kwazo. Ngisho short-term umsebenzi ngokomzimba likuvumela ukuthi ususe ukukhathala ukubuyisela isimo esingokomzwelo omuhle.

fizkultminutka phansi aphethwe. Uhlela futhi imi etafuleni lapho izingane bekwi. Siqukethe umzimba ezimbili noma ezintathu kwi ukunyakaza izingalo, isiqu isandiso, futhi izinyathelo esikhundleni. Konke lokhu oyenza isebenze imisipha futhi eyandisa esifubeni. Yenza le umzimba akukho kuka umzuzu owodwa noma emibili.

imidlalo Outdoor

Lapho efundisa, futhi ngokuvamile zisebenzisa nakolunye uhlobo lomsebenzi nezingane. Lokhu ongaphandle imidlalo. Njengendlela ngokomzimba Ezifundweni yilezi:

• ukudlulisa motor nakho kwengane, kwakucebisa kokubili ukunyakaza entsha nokuningi kulokulukhuni
• ngcono ekhona izingane motor amakhono;
• ukhulisa umsebenzi, ukuzimela futhi omuhle ubudlelwane kontanga eqenjini;
• nezimfanelo motor njengoba ukukhuthazela, isivinini kanye lobubhalo.

imidlalo Outdoor njengoba iyindlela eyinhloko kanye nezindlela Uthisha ngokomzimba umi ngomumo. Kulokhu, afakiwe nase-mode usuku izingane. Ekuseni izingane kukhona imidlalo ngokwabo. Bayaqhubeka ngemva kokuhamba kakade. lapha kuphela bayindlu uhlobo umsebenzi nsuku zonke uthisha. Ubude besikhathi ihlelwe imidlalo ongaphandle kanye umzimba emgwaqeni, ngokuvamile imizuzu 30-40. Kusihlwa izifundo ezinjalo kuhoxiswa 10-15 imiz. Le ndlela yokuqeqesha umzimba kuqinisa impilo womntwana lungadambisa ngemizimba yabo. Nokho, uma phakathi nalezi izivivinyo izingane zizonikezwa nge imishini kanye nezemidlalo izinzuzo, inkanuko umsebenzi locomotor.

abazisebenzako

Ukuvivinya umzimba kungaba kwenziwe ngesicelo futhi eyenza izingane. Kulokhu, kwakuyodingeka abe abazisebenzayo. Noma kunjalo, lo msebenzi umuntu wenyama kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa njalo uthisha. Le ndlela umsebenzi nge izingane igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukunyakaza kanye kumiswa imikhuba self-umsebenzi.

Izindlela ukusetshenziswa isiko ngokomzimba

Khona-ke, ngosizo indlela esetshenziswa ukunyakaza asebenzayo bekhulisa izingane incike yobudala kanye nemibandela yokuqashwa kanye ngamandla izingane amathuba. Kunamaqembu amabili izindlela ezahlukene. Eyokuqala yalezi acace. Zisetshenziswa kuphela inqubo imfundo ngokomzimba. Isigaba sesibili sihlanganisa izindlela jikelele Pedagogical.

imigomo yabo yokusebenzisa zisebenza kuwo wonke amacala imfundo nokuqeqeshwa. Uhlu imikhuba ethize zihlanganisa:

• izindlela akuvunyelwe ezilungisiwe nat. umsebenzi;
• imidlalo ongaphandle;
• indlela wokuncintisana, lapho umzimba asetshenziswa ifomu ukuncintisana.

Zonke yalezi zindlela zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezinselele abasifundisa izingane ekusebenziseni art. nabo basize emfundweni izimfanelo ngokomzimba.
Zonke umzimba izingane zinikelwe ifomu ukhonkolo kakhulu. Kungaba imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, ezifana "zehla ebhentshini." Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafundisi avame ukusetshenziswa futhi ezimise sekulingisa msebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, "run kufanele abe ethule njengoba igundane." izindlela Specific ehilela imfundo ngokomzimba futhi sisebenze izinto ezihlukahlukene (izinti, amabhola nokunye okunjalo. D.). Kulokhu, zonke ukuqeqeshwa livela ukunyakaza elula nezenzo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe.

Ekusebenziseni obschepedagogicheskih izindlela ezisetshenziswe impendulo lwamazwi ezibukwayo. Yeka indlela ukukhetha nguthisha ngoba ngokomzimba inqubo imfundo? Udinga ukusebenzisa ezingaphezu kweyodwa indlela. Kuphela inhlanganisela yabo izonikeza isixazululo ngempumelelo inkinga.

Ukuze abafundi ababhalise ezinhlelweni zokuqeqeshwa kothisha amakolishi, abafundi, okuyinto imfundo ngokomzimba oyinhloko, MIT inikeza ukwethula ngomumo eyenziwe amaphepha okuhlolwa anemibuzo Tindzaba ngale ndaba.