Iyini ikhasi lewebhu, lidalwe kanjani futhi lilayishwe kanjani? Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ikhasi lingatholakali?

Umsebenzisi ngamunye wenethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke ujwayele igama elithi "indawo". Lena yinkampani ye-inthanethi enekheli layo, igama, umnikazi futhi linombolo enkulu (noma cha) yamakhasi wewebhu. Zinezo zonke ulwazi ukuthi umdali noma umnikazi wesayithi ufuna ukwabelana nabanye abasebenzisi-izivakashi. Kungaba imibhalo, izithombe, amafayela alalelwayo namavidyo, kanye nokuxhumana nezinye idatha, njll. Ekuthuthukiseni yonke indawo kanye namakhasi awo ahlukene, izazi ezivela emasimini ahlukene zibandakanya: abaklami, abakopishi, abakhi bezinhlelo, abahleli. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo ohlangene, sithola lokho esikugcina ekugcineni ngokufaka eyodwa noma enye ikheli kubha yamakheli. Kodwa-ke, abantu abangenalo ulwazi oluqondile lokuthi i-Inthanethi isebenza kanjani futhi basebenze, abaqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi ikhasi lewebhu liyini nokuthi libunjwa kanjani, imisebenzi, kanye nemithwalo. Kulesi sihloko, sizozama ukukhuluma ngalokhu ngolimi olutholakala futhi oluqondakalayo.

Ikhasi lewebhu liqala kanjani?

Yiziphi izigaba zenqubo yokwakha ikhasi lewebhu? Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yiliphi ikhasi lewebhu, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi lwakhiwa kanjani.

Umklamo

Konke kuqala ngomsebenzi womklami. Yena, ngokuhambisana nezidingo nemigomo yamakhasimende, uqala ukuhlelwa kwesayithi elizayo. Lesi sakhiwo sidalwe ngamakhasi owodwa, amabili noma ngaphezulu. Kulesi sigaba, indawo yazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo inqunywa, ukukhethwa kwamafonti, izithombe, ukuklama ngokujwayelekile. Okokuqala, ukubonakala kwamakhasi kwakha, okuzovela kuyo indawo ephelele.

Ukuhlalisa

Khona-ke umsebenzi we-workbench ufakiwe emsebenzini. Ngokusekelwe kwisakhiwo esakhiwe umklami, wenza isakhiwo sekhasi, silungiselele iziphequluli ezahlukene. Ukuze wenze lokhu, dala idokhumenti evamile, isibonelo, ku "I-Notepad", elondolozwe ngesandiso. Kulolu limi ukuthi ikhasi lewebhu elilula lilotshiwe. I-HTML imele ulimi lwe-HyperText Markup futhi isethi yamathegi akhonza ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Lolulimi lulula, kodwa lusebenza. Ngosizo lwaso, isakhiwo esinengqondo sekhasi sidalwe futhi sihlukaniswe ngezici ezihlukene - izihloko, izinhlu, izigaba, amatafula nezinye izinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathegi anquma incazelo yalo lonke okuqukethwe. Banika ulwazi lwesiphequluli mayelana nokuthi yini okumele igcizelele, igcizelele ukuthi uzobuyela kuphi, lapho ungafaka khona isithombe, nokuthi yini ozoyiguqula kwisixhumanisi. Ngenxa yalokho, ikhasi lithatha ukubonakala okuhambelanayo. Nokho, ukwenza kube ngokuvumelana nalokho okushiwo umklami, kudingeka futhi usebenzise i-CSS. Lesi ishidi lesitayela se-cascading esichaza ukubukeka kwedokhumenti ye-html, ukubukeka kwayo. Ngesizo samathuluzi we-CSS ungakwazi "ukupenda" ikhasi ngemibala efanele, sebenzisa lokhu noma isitayela sefonti, engeza ezinye izakhi zokuklama. Ukusebenzisa i-HTML ne-CSS kusinika ikhasi elungile, elihlelwe kahle. Kodwa usadinga ukunikeza i-dynamism, futhi lena ibhizinisi lomqambi.

Ukuhlela

Kulesi sigaba, usuvele uqonda ukuthi yiliphi ikhasi lewebhu nokuthi lidalwe kanjani. Nokho, akusikho konke. Amakhasi azinhlobo eziningana - okuyi-static, okunamandla nokusebenzisana. Eyokuqala yilezo kuphela ezidalwe kuphela usebenzisa i-html ne-css. Ukuze wenze ikhasi liguquke, udinga injini - i-CMS (noma uhlelo lokuphatha okuqukethwe). Lolu hlelo olukhethekile olwenza ikhasi kusuka kudatha elondolozwe ku-database yevava ekufuneni komsebenzisi. Okusho ukuthi ikhasi lidalwa lapho isicelo sitholwa kumsebenzisi. Ngokubhala kwayo, izilimi ezifana ne-ASP, PHP, nezinye zisetshenzisiwe. Ngokuqondene namakhasi asebenzisanayo, afaka amafomu okuthiwa, lapho umsebenzisi nesiphakeli bexhumana khona. Zibhalwe futhi ngezilimi ze-PHP, iJavaScript, njll. Uhlelo lokusebenza luyinkimbinkimbi kunokuba lubekwe eceleni, ludinga ulwazi oluthile olulinganiselwe oluthile (futhi lungcono kunamanye ambalwa) ezilimini ezibalwe.

Ikhasi lewebhu lilayisha kanjani?

Ukuze leli khasi litholakale kubo bonke abasebenzisi be-Inthanethi, lokho (okungukuthi, idokhumenti lapho ichazwe khona) kufakwa kwi-web server. Lena ikhompuyutha eqhubekayo ngokulindele izicelo ezivela kuziphequluli. Uma ithola, ithola imithombo eceliwe (isibonelo, ikhasi lewebhu) bese liyithumela kusiphequluli esifanele. Futhi okulandelayo, kubonisa ikhasi lewebhu ngokusekelwe kolwazi (izimpawu) eziqukethwe kudokhumenti.

Kungani ngingakwazi ukuvula ikhasi lewebhu?

Kunezimo lapho ufaka umbuzo (chaza ikheli, bhala igama ebhokisini lokusesha noma chofoza isixhumanisi), kodwa isiphequluli asikwazi ukubonisa ulwazi oludingayo bese ubhala ukuthi ikhasi lewebhu alitholakali. Iyini isizathu nokuthi ungasombulula kanjani le nkinga?

Okokuqala, kufanele uhlole ikheli le-url - lichazwe ngendlela efanele. Uma kukhona iphutha kwenye incwadi noma uhlamvu, iseva ngeke ikwazi ukuthola ulwazi olwanele kwisicelo sakho, futhi isiphequluli, ngokulandelana, sibonise. Kodwa uma ikheli lilungile, kungani ikhasi lewebhu lingatholakali? Isizathu singaba amakhukhi. Zidalwa ngamakhasi wewebhu owavakashele ngaphambili, ukugcina ezinye izilungiselelo nezinye izinto. Uma ifayela elinjalo lonakalisiwe, lokhu kungavimbela ukulayisha ikhasi elivamile. Ukulungisa isimo, udinga ukususa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzilungiselelo zesiphequluli, thola ingxenye "Yobumfihlo", iya kuzilungiselelo zokuqukethwe bese ukhetha "Wonke amakhukhi nedatha yesayithi" efasiteleni elivula. Chofoza "Susa konke."

Isizathu sesithathu singase sibe ukuhamba kancane kwesiphequluli ngenxa yokusebenzisa iseva ye-proxy. Ukulungisa inkinga, udinga ukushintsha izilungiselelo. Ungakwenza lokhu ku-"Izixhumanisi ku-inthanethi" isigaba. Khetha inethiwekhi oyisebenzisayo, vula izilungiselelo bese uthola ithebhu ye "Proxy". Setha izilungiselelo ezifunwa ukusetshenziswa kwazo. Manje konke kufanele kusebenze.

Isiphetho

Kusukela kulesi sihloko ufunde ukuthi yiliphi ikhasi lewebhu, ukuthi lwakhiwa kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izazi ezibandakanyekayo ekudalweni kwayo. Siphinde sibheke ukuthi amakhasi okusiza alayishwe kanjani futhi aboniswe, kungani angase avule nokuthi angayilungisa kanjani le nkinga. Manje uyazi kabanzi mayelana nokuthi imisebenzi ye-intanethi nokuthi yiziphi izinsiza zayo zewebhu.