Ivan Grozny: izici ubuntu kafushane. Ukuhlolwa kwe-internet Ivana Groznogo

Inkosi yokuqala zonke eRussia Ivan Wesine, noma Ivan Grozny, ngezinye izikhathi isici umuntu onekareko kubantu abaningi abaphila ngesikhathi sethu, okuthole eminyakeni wokubusa kwakhe, omningi umhlaba, asesebenzisa nabangenasihawu izindlela. It is eyaziwa ngokudala uhlelo kwamandla eyodwa. Kodwa akekho owaziyo ukuthi ngaphezulu nomthelela udumo lwakhe: isevisi isimo noma omnene esibabayo nesiphulukundlelayo?

Ivan Grozny: ubuntu kanye inkathi, kanye emkhathini ezungezile

I Tsar isiRashiya, owabusa kusukela ngo-1547, kwaba umzukulu Ivana Velikogo nendodana yakhe Vasily III. Unina - Princess Lokudabuka-Mongolian. Lapho Ivan wayeneminyaka engamashumi amathathu ubudala, uyise eshona, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu unina eshona (ngokusho kwabanye, kungenzeka anobuthi). Emhlabeni umfana ukukhula khona umoya wokuncintisana njalo nokukhwabanisa. Abantu abasha wayehlushwa impilo engeyinhle, ukuhlukunyezwa, zokukhwabanisa kanye ukuntuleka kwemfundo.

Emzabalazweni esigodlweni liphenduka umbango igazi. Ivan wayehlile wayibona noma wezwa ngalokhu kubulawa nokushaywa. Futhi ngokuvamile yabekwa ukuhlaselwa ngamazwi noma ngokoqobo. Ayikwazi hit abahluphi yabo Yabatshela ukukhiphela ubunzima on the izilwane abangakwazi ukuzilwela, okuyinto bahlushwa ngonya futhi ngisuka eziqongweni umbhoshongo. wachitha Ngakho esengumntwana Ivan Grozny. Personality nobuntu kuye - umsebenzi onzima, ngoba kakhulu ngaye, kepha nakakhulu - lalimane nje selikhohliwe noma edlula phezu.

Bafunde, engavamile futhi sikhulu ozinikele ...

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Ivan bephikisa wahlanganyela lokufunda izincwadi futhi ofunda nabo ngesivinini esimangalisayo. Uyabhala okuningi, ufunde ukudlala umculo bese kuba i umgibeli kakhulu. Abahlakaniphé, wayengumuntu athuthukile okuningi kuka kwalabo ababemzungezile. Ubunikazi nezici Ivan le Kubi esikhathini we uzifunde ngokucophelela mlando eziningi. Lo muntu ngakho besesitelekeni okwakhe yayo kanye nokufunda ukuthi zingabekwa kalula belingana nababusi abanekhono kunabo.

Yebo, kunzima, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, abangcwele kakhulu futhi njalo ukugcina imicikilisho kuyinkimbinkimbi Lobu-Orthodox. Kuthatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo emisebenzini ehlukahlukene isonto. Ngezinye eyishumi nesithupha, ngo-1547, u-Ivan egcotshwa. Emasontweni amathathu ngemva kokuhlinzwa washada Anastasia Romanovna.

Yena wakhethwa amantombazane e mbukiso, wethule Tsar abasha. Indlovukazi wamzalela izingane eziyisithupha, babo ngasinda ezimbili kuphela. Phakathi nobufokazi baso ahlangene nantathu njalo Anastasia uye waba sizole imvelo anenkani, wethukile futhi engazinzile yomyeni wakhe.

I ekuqaleni kokubusa: umholi ukuya empini ngenxa kanembeza

Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi, kusukela 1547 kuya 1560 GG., Kuhlola umuntu futhi umsebenzi ku-internet Ivana Groznogo, njengoba umthetho, ithwala izici omuhle kakhulu. Uba umholi ukuya empini ngenxa kanembeza futhi zenzisa. Ivan esimisiwe umkhandlu zokweluleka, esungulwe yesiBethamthetho seNarha esebenza ngaphandle kwekuhlela kabusha kuhulumeni wasekhaya, futhi waqoqela ikhodi entsha kwemithetho okuyinto elifanele yemfanelo nezibopho we ukhomba ngophakathi.

Ubuntu Tsar u-Ivan IV the Kubi kuba ethandwa, hhayi nje kuphela isimo Russian. Uthatha ukulawula iVolga, futhi kwakungelula ukungena oLwandle iCaspian, ikhuthaza ukuhweba nge emazweni ahlukahlukene aseYurophu, kuhlanganise eNgilandi, eFrance nase-Holland. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokumema abaculi angaphandle, ukuthi ukwenza ngaphandle kokuhlela umhlobiso eMoscow. Futhi mina kufanele ikakhulukazi kuqashelwe ephezulu kwinqubomgomo okuqhubekayo zokuphatha. Ngakho eqala ukubusa Ivan Grozny, izici zobuntu baziwa hhayi kuphela mlando, kodwa futhi abantu abaningi kahle wokufundwayo.

Awakening bomoya iyagula

Ngo-1553, u-Ivan Wesine ehlupheka izinhlungu zokugula okungathí sina, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho uqala usola izikhulu zakhe sokungathembeki. Yena enquma izoziphindiselela nemindeni yabo, besebenzisa sokuhlushwa futhi abulawa. Futhi lapho umkakhe eshona ngo 1560, kwaqala inkathi nangobudlova isilwane.

Manje besikhathi sakhe presents Ivan ehluke ngokuphelele - Kubi. Isici umuntu inkosi iyahamba wena ngisho lwezifundo zesikole nazo zonke umfundi uyazi ukuthi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi wayelokhu iqala zehluke unya olungenamkhawulo. Ukuphila komkhaya u-Ivan IV iba engazinzile ngaphezulu, ukugqamisa yayo yomhobholo, yokuzingabaza kanye Ubumnene eshintshashintshayo.

ukuphila komkhaya kunezinxushunxushu

Ngo 1561, yena ushada owesifazane omuhle Mary Temryukovna, kodwa ngokushesha ukhathele it. Eminyakeni emibili ngemva kokufa kwakhe, Ivan ashade Marfe Vasilevne Sobakinoy - indodakazi umthengisi, owafa ngemva kwamasonto amabili.

Unkosikazi wesine ku-internet Ivana Groznogo - Anna Alekseevna Koltovskaya. Uthumela ku-Isigodlo, futhi ngo-1575 washada okwesihlanu ku-Anne Grigorevne Vasilchikovoy. lady ongenangqondo eseke lover, ubani Ivan Okwesine itshalwe esigxotsheni ngqo ngaphansi ngefasitela lakwakhe, futhi kakhulu nesiphingikazi uyafunga e zezindela. umshado wakhe wokugcina kwaba kuMaria Nagaya. Ivan Wesine engumkabo ngo-1581. Kukhona izinguqulo ukuthi amanye amakhosikazi Kubi zabulawa ubuthi.

Umbusi, eyaduma ngenxa kabi esilindele

Yiqiniso, abafundi bayawazi bomlando eziningi. Ivan Grozny, Petr Veliky, uCatherine Omkhulu, nokunye. Kodwa Ivan Okwesine - kuba inkosi, engayitshelanga wezwa wonke umuntu, ngisho nalabo angazi umlando. Yini eyabangela ezifana nodumo jikelele?

Lena inkathi eziqine wokubusa kwakhe, lapho kwadingeka lisachuma kusuka 1564 kuya eminyakeni 1572. Lapho, ngokusho izincwadi zomlando, abantu John V waphakamisela ahlushwe futhi abulawe izinkulungwane izikhonzi zakhe, futhi abaningi ngisho ngumnikazi. Inhloso yakhe yayiwukusiza wokuhlanza ezweni 'nasezakhini okhohlisayo ". Ngo 1570, ngesisekelo izinsolo unproven ka ukuvukela umbuso wonke umuzi Novgorod ahlukunyezwa. abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisithupha wahlatshwa ngesonto elilodwa.

Kufanele ngizama lo muntu ngokuqinile zomlando

Ivan Okwesine wabusa kuze 1584. Ezinye izazi-mlando uthi ngezinkonzo zakhe ukuze amandla, umuntu Ukuthuka suspiciousness ngokweqile nonya, abaningi wamfaka icala kwezinsana ... kanjani ukuthola ukuthi ngubani okulungile? Inketho kuphela - lokumba umlando, kodwa kuzothatha isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngakho siya ngenye indlela. Lokho kuyosisiza ukuba bajwayelane yimuphi umuntu, noma ngabe umakhelwane noma uMalume Vasya edumile Ivan Grozny? ubuntu isici. Kafushane ikhefu imininingwane eyisisekelo kuphela, kungenzeka ukuba uqaphele izinsolo engapheli, unya ezinganeliseki nenkohlakalo kakhulu. Ngokwezazi-mlando, lesi izici ezivelele kakhulu inkosi.

Phakathi nokubusa kwakhe, neze omunye umndeni wekuvana imvelaphi awuzange ehlaselwe self-intando yenkosi. Ziningi yokulima bashiywa ngesikhathi ehlasela nonogada nabanikazi bamazwe baphoqeleka ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo e yokusesha lensindiso. Ngokushesha angabizi lo muntu umashiqela, umashiqela, a Maniac, umbulali ka indodana yakhe siqu ... "Ngokuvamile, - umfundi uthi, - sourpuss". Futhi ebuntwaneni Ivana Groznogo odlale indima ebalulekile kulokhu. Ngoba, cishe, kakade eminyakeni yokuqala isihluku ubuhlungu sabekwa umfana, okuyinto ukuvela lapho usukhulile. Ukukhulela ukuthi nomkhathi walawula esigodlweni Ivan Wesine wayengakwazi ukuxhumana umama noma ubaba, akekho ayinakho ukwesekwa - futhi ngokomzimba noma zokuziphatha. Ngakho-ke akuyona okwethu ukwahlulela intukuthelo yakhe ukungahlaliseki kumbe ukwehluleka psyche.