Regional umkhiqizo okwedlulele: Sakhiwo, ivolumu ukubala

Isimo somnotho isihloko Russian Federation ngamunye kwenza isicelo ngezihloko ezihlukene ngamathuluzi ahlukahlukene ukuhlola kwezomnotho nenhlalakahle, ibhalansi nemibandela zezimali wokuncintisana hhayi kuphela kule lwasekhaya kodwa futhi ezimakethe zomhlaba. Lezi amathuluzi ezibalulekile ukuze ngendlela eyiyo inqubomgomo federal, okuyinto sibhekiswe nokuqedwa inter-zesifunda ukungafani uhlobo, ukuze uqinise ubuqotho umnotho kanye nezombusazwe. ukuzimela lesifunda kuholela actualization kwenqubomgomo kwesifunda futhi ukubaluleka into ezifana nomkhiqizo okwedlulele yesifunda.

ukwesekwa Imininingwane usebenzisa GRP

Ukuchuma federalism kwezimali kuba ukwakheka isifiso ukuthuthukisa lesifunda ukuphathwa izixazululo nge izindlela zanamuhla kolwazi kanye abheke ukuthi kungenzeka kwezomnotho. Ngesisekelo elikhulu ehlaziya izici umnotho emakethe uhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi uhlelo lwama-akhawunti kazwelonke, noma Sna. Ezingeni lesifunda, Sna ukhonza CDS format (lesifunda accounting system). Isikhundla eliyingqikithi Sna kungokwalabo womkhiqizo wakuleli cwe, nobe i-GDP. Analogue Regional of GDP Sna - kuyinto lesifunda umkhiqizo wonyaka wonke ohlangene, noma RVP. Le nkomba ukhombisa amazinga ukuthuthukiswa komnotho kuveza imiphumela yomsebenzi wezomnotho ngayinye izinhlangano ibhizinisi ngaphakathi esifundeni. GRP isetshenziswa njengoba isisekelo ukwakheka akhawunti lesifunda.

Kungani GRP ngeke ibalwe?

Kutholwe ensimini ka Russia mayelana 89 amayunithi zokuphatha-indawo, elise ezahlukene esishintshashintshayo kwesikhathi, ezahlukene indawo kanye nezinga ukuthuthuka komnotho kanye nomphakathi. GDP ibonisa kuphela isimo jikelele kuleli zwe, ngaphandle kokunikeza ecacile ukuze ubone ukuthi izinto ukusebenza kwezingxenye zalo ezihlukahlukene, okwenza kungabi Amathuba okwenza izinqumo ezifanele. Isimo unesithakazelo idatha, ekwazi icubungulisise ukuchaza isimo ekhoneni yezwe ngalinye.

Umahluko ulwazi, umthombo okuyinto lesifunda umkhiqizo wonyaka wonke ohlangene, ikuvumela ukuthuthukisa inqubomgomo kwezomnotho ezifanele futhi ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinqumo hhayi ezingeni lezwe futhi ezingeni lesifunda. Nge Dynamics GRP, lihambisana izindleko kanye nezinkomba ngokomzimba, kungenzeka ukusetha isiqondiso futhi ukushuba izinqubo zezomnotho ezingase zingatholakali kube ezingeni Interregional ukukhonza njengephayona umfutho onamandla ukuba ukuthuthukiswa. GRP udlala indima ebalulekile ukubala izinkomba yomnotho e izinguquko nobudlelwano phakathi kwesifunda. Inkomba ukhonza njengesiqondiso ku inqubo ukusatshalaliswa kwezimali ezivela "Sikhwama Ukusekela lwezezimali we Russian Federation abamelwe izinhlangano yesifunda."

Ngakho uyini GRP?

Regional umkhiqizo wonyaka wonke ohlangene is, eqinisweni aze abe generalized inkomba kwezomnotho, libhekene izinga ukuthuthukiswa komnotho esifundeni. Iveza futhi ephawula inqubo ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla namasevisi. GRP elikushoyo ngalokho ukubaluleka zonke yezimpahla nezinkonzo kuyo yonke imikhakha yezomnotho endaweni ethize. Okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa kokusebenza izinkomba e ukuhlaziywa komnotho idatha eshicilelwe ngamanani emakethe. Ukuhlolwa GRP kwamanani yeluhlakasimo eyisisekelo sihluke kakhulu izilinganiso emakethe for ncamashi inani izintela net ngemikhiqizo. Uxhaso kungukuthi kunakwe. GRP workshop evelele ibonisa isamba value added ngamanani eziyisisekelo, okugxile uhlobo oluthile umsebenti wetemnotfo.

GRP isakhiwo, noma lokho kuhlanganisa

Gross umkhiqizo lesifunda ibalwa ngokuvumelana intengo eziyisisekelo, uyaphuma iyunithi umkhiqizo noma isevisi ngayinye. Izintela kungukuthi kunakwe, kodwa iyabhekwa uxhaso ngemikhiqizo. Gross value added ibalwa ingxenye ngayinye yomsebenzi wezomnotho njengoba umehluko phakathi okukhipha kwezimpahla namasevisi kanye ukusetshenziswa Lesisemkhatsini. Phakathi sekubika, inani udaba intengo ngezimpahla nezinsizakalo ngaphakathi esifundeni efanayo futhi ivolumu okukhipha. Ukukhululwa uhlanganisa kakade ithengiswe izimpahla kumasevisi ngemali yasemakethe. Isetshenziselwa kubalwa inani eliyisilinganiso. Umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ufunyenwe e okukhipha okungathí sina, kodwa kuphela ngezindleko. ukusetshenziswa Intermediate kuhlanganisa ukubaluleka kwezimpahla namasevisi, ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ngokugcwele ngesikhathi sokubika. Fixed assets ekubaleni ukusetshenziswa Lesisemkhatsini akusho zinendima ethile. Izindleko ekusetshenzisweni sokugcina GRP zihlanganisa izindleko emakhaya, izikhungo zikahulumeni ngokuhlanganyela. Ukulinganisa okwedlulele umkhiqizo kwesifunda futhi oyiyo, kungenzeka ukuhlonza imithombo yokuxhasa ngezimali i-ukusetshenziswa sokugcina.

ongakhetha ukubala

Ngo Umnotho wanamuhla usitshela kuvamile ukusebenzisa izinketho eziningana for GRP ukubala. Indlela yokukhiqiza kokubala Inkomba isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esiteji yokukhiqiza. He is eqinisweni, isamba ukubaluleka okwedlulele wanezela, kwakhiwa okuyinto by ngamunye yesikhungo iyunithi umhlali endaweni kwezomnotho yesifunda. Kumiswa okwedlulele umkhiqizo zesifunda, ukubala ogxile umehluko phakathi okukhipha kwezimpahla namasevisi kanye ukusetshenziswa langaphakathi ngesisekelo izintengo izimpahla kanye namasevisi, baqashwe ngokugcwele ekukhiqizeni, aphethwe ezingeni izimboni kanye imikhakha yezomnotho lesifunda. GRP ingabalwa ngesisekelo amanani amanje emakethe ngokuqhathanisa kubo.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-GDP futhi GRP

Gross Mkhiqizo Regional, ebalwa ngayinye ezindaweni kuhlukile kunokunikeza omkhiqizo. Umehluko phakathi - inani value added. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• amasevisi sabaqashi non-emakethe ejensi kahulumeni: ukuphathwa ukuzivikela.
• amasevisi Non-emakethe, okuyinto zisekelwa kusukela isabelomali, kodwa ulwazi ngawo ayitholakali ezingeni lesifunda.
• Amasevisi we izikhungo zezimali ogama imisebenzi cishe njalo awanakufundwa isifunda esisodwa.
• Namasevisi ahlobene namanye amazwe, idatha lapho kuqoqwa ezingeni sikahulumeni.

umkhiqizo Gross: Izici Inkomba

Umehluko phakathi kwe-GDP futhi GRP yakha izindleko ukukhokhwa kwezintela ngenxa kanye nokuthekelisa namazwe angaphandle. Lokhu value kunzima kakhulu ukubala ngenxa ngokucacile yayo nokuhlanganiswa engalingani phakathi izifunda ezahlukene. Gross umkhiqizo lesifunda by esifundeni ibalwa izinyanga 28. SAC amasu ikuvumela ukuba uthole imiphumela eminingi ngokushesha. Uhulumeni usebenzisa izindlela eziningi ukuchumisa ukuqapha Dynamics kanye izinga lokukhula. Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi isamba sonke GRP ayihambisani le-GDP, okuyinto kunqunywa imininingwane zasemizaneni futhi ngaphandle nezindleko ezengeziwe.

Ngesisekelo iyiphi idatha ibalwa GRP?

isakhiwo Polyhedral okwedlulele umkhiqizo lesifunda ichaza ukusetshenziswa imithombo multiple kanyekanye ukubala amanani ipharamitha. Ngokwesibonelo, emazweni CIS, ochwepheshe acabangele amarejista ibhizinisi futhi amarekhodi nokukhangiswa yohlu amasevisi, ubika yokukhiqiza izindleko. Ziyabhekelelwa isampula ukuhlola kanye okukhethekile yokubika ezingeni lesifunda. Ukubala senziwe imibiko umsebenzi, futhi ngesisekelo survey ngayinye ingxenye ngazinye emnothweni, esekelwe zaseNdlunkulu Isabelomali Survey. umthombo Obalulekile zolwazi idatha iziphathimandla zentela nezibalo yasebhange, imibiko, izinhlangano zomphakathi kanye nedatha ukuqaliswa izinhlobo ezahlukene isabelomali.

GRP practice Russia

Gross Mkhiqizo Regional ngu Region Russia ephawula ngokugcwele ezingeni yentuthuko yale ndawo kanti futhi lihlotshaniswa izinkomba vumelekile ezingeni. Udlala indima isici sendawo ukuthuthukiswa izinqubo zezenhlalo kanye nezomnotho. Isisekelo kubalwa inani wasebenzisa izimiso methodological of Sna, ukuthuthukiswa okwenziwa ngo kohlaka FSGS. Ukushicilelwa Imiphumela ngemva kwemvume nayo eyenziwa ezingeni FSGS.

Ukubikezela komkhiqizo okwedlulele yesifunda Kwenziwa ngesisekelo idatha eqoqwe kuzo zonke izakhamuzi umnotho kwesifunda. Kungaba corporations, athi corporations nabezindlu isikhungo isithakazelo kabani kwezomnotho itholakala ngqo esifundeni. Ngokokuqala ngqá ukucabanga nokuhlaziya komkhiqizo okwedlulele yesifunda kwenziwa ngo-1991 ku-izifunda 21. Kusukela ngo-1993, kulesi sibalo abangu-zonke iziphathimandla kwesifunda futhi indawo. Kusukela ngo-1995, nokuvivinya ekubalweni GRP luyimfuneko ukuqaliswa kwe "Federal Uhlelo". Kuphela kusukela ngo-1997 Yaqala ukulinganisa okubakhona inkomba. Inikeza isisekelo sokuhlelwa kwemigomo umsindo kwezomnotho ezingeni zokukhiqiza kanye umkhakha, lokulandisa cishe akhawunti zonke izifunda ze-60 kuya ku-80 wamaphesenti GRP Imininingwane ngayinye.