China: ubushiqela Military

Ubushiqela lwebutho 1913-1916 Yuan. Kwakuwusuku Isinyathelo sokuqala kwekubuswa China Beiyang abahlangene bodwana ngokucwasa lezempi. Ethembele amandla ubudala despotism Asiatic - nenchubokuphatsa, gentry, kulendawo, kodwa ikakhulu, ahlomele impi, Yuan Shikai uhlaziyo umzamo ukubuyisela ohlanga. Ngo-1915 wahlela ukuhamba monarchist, futhi ngo-December waba umbusi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngo-ephakathi eningizimu yeChina ngo-1916 abe eseqala ukuhamba antiyuanshikaevskoe - zabhikisha ezaholela ekuweni umbuso waseRoma wawunamandla futhi ukufa Yuan Shikai. Ngemva kwalokho Beiyang abahlangene bodwana ngokucwasa bahlukana baba izigaba ezimbili. Izifundazwe enyakatho nasenkabeni ngokweqashiso, phakathi Zhili futhi Anhui entsha efinyelela ojenene. Ngo Manchuria kwaqinisa Fetyanskaya chofoza, futhi izifundazwe zaseningizimu - ojenene "ezimele". Esikhundleni Yuan e Beijing, inhloko Anhui abahlangene bodwana ngokucwasa Duan Qirui kwaba sezombusazwe pro-Japanese. Kube kuyadamba abukhali kuhulumeni, kwaqala inkathi yeminyaka wombango abangophakimpi, t. E. Izimpi phakathi ukuchofoza, inkathi wokuzibusa izigodi kwezempi, kwehlukana kanye kuyadamba okwengeziwe lapho sibhekene diktat China lingabacindezeli. Esimeni semakhaya nokulwa okuqhubekayo phakathi endala nge entsha ngo-1917 kwaba sekugcineni futhi futhi komzamo ukubuyisela ohlanga. China: ubushiqela Military ...

Isenzakalo esiyingqopha-mlando kokuqala ezinhlangano zomzabalazo wenkululeko kazwelonke e China ezikhathini zamuva kwaba ukuhamba "Meyi 4th" 1919 isizathu wangaphandle lokhu kuthutha isinqumo ngqungquthela yokuthula, labavulekela Paris ngo-January 18, 1919 Amandla lingabacindezeli Wenqabile ukucabangela izimfuneko of China (sizana eMpini Yezwe II ngo-August 1917) ukuthi, amnike wonke amalungelo ngaphambili German namalungelo sifundazwe Shandong, ukuba aqede zonke amalungelo kanye nenzuzo yokuba amandla lingabacindezeli e China. Apreli 30 Amandla wathatha izihloko 156-158 we Versailles Treaty, ngawo wonke amalungelo amalungelo ngaphambili etholwe eJalimane ku isivumelwano China, ngokuphelele saya eJapane.

Akanabo Ubulungisa futhi ilulaza ngalezi zihloko Chinese we Versailles iSivumelwano okubangelwa ukudazuluka yentukuthelo kwezakhi ezahlukene emphakathini Chinese. Umbhikisho futhi rally, ihlelwe ku isinyathelo we abafundi Beijing 4 Meyi ngaphansi iziqubulo non-ukuqashelwa Versailles Treaty, esungula anti-lingabacindezeli, anti-Japanese ukunyakaza yokushisekela izwe mass lezihlakaniphi Chinese, ezisemadolobheni onxiwankulu commercial nezezimboni ezincane kanye naphakathi, ababazi nabasebenza emadolobheni amakhulu China sika, eyathatha uJuni 1919 . Ukuqondisa amandla ngemibono kanye nezombusazwe qembu yeningi futhi olukhulu ngobala-wobunxiwankulu nezihlakaniphi nabafundi. Sabasebenzi Chinese wayesalokhu "ikilasi ngokwako", "hamba" ngoba iziqubulo jikelele yeningi anti-lingabacindezeli nokubusa ngobunxiwankulu nezihlakaniphi ngobala-wobunxiwankulu. Kodwa iqhaza lezingalo eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-100. Ukusebenza anti-Japanese iziteleka, iziteleka kanye bazoyiduba e May-June 1919 wabonisa imizamo yokuqala ekilasini Chinese zokusebenza ukungena kwezepolitiki ngokuthi ungamandla ezimele wamavukelambuso. Ukunyakaza kwabantu noma izithunzi "Meyi 4" nomthelela ukwanda kancane kancane umsebenzi zombusazwe ekilasini Chinese zokusebenza.

China: ubushiqela Military