Umlando "Vasiliya Terkina" - inkondlo Twardowski

abafundi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi Umugqa wokuqala edumile "Izincwadi mayelana isosha" A. Twardowski wabonakala ngo-1942, futhi umfanekiso umlingiswa oyinhloko okubangelwa kuphela izenzakalo ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, isimo Kuthi ezahlukene, futhi kukhulunywa lokuqala lomkhumbi olamandla ongedluli vase Terkina kuhlehlela emuva nesikhathi sempi Russian-Finnish. Khumbula, ngokusekelwe ubufakazi umbhali, uyini umlando ukudalwa enkondlweni.

"Vasily Terkin" - ekuqaleni

Ngo-1939, lapho waqala nge finami, A. Twardowski wasebenza ephephandabeni "Ukuvikela Motherland". Ngalesi sikhathi, ke efika engqondweni yakho ithimba lokudala beveza isithombe kokushicilela izinhlamvu ezihlekisayo - kwakwakhiwa okunemibandela kanye fighter okuthakazelisayo abangathanda ivele emakhasini le ncwajana, ephelezelwa amasignisha senkondlo. igama iqhawe ayizange ivele ngesikhathi esisodwa: wahlunga ongakhetha eziningana ngaphambi kokuba alungise kwi vase elula efudumele - njengoba lalibizwa kanjalo ngaleso sikhathi. Waqala kanjalo-ke umlando we "Vasiliya Terkina", eyaziwa cishe wonke umuntu umfundi Soviet.

Kwaziqondanela nje ukuba

By endleleni, ngo Umlando wakhe Twardowski ulandisa indlela kanye, kule minyaka yempi, wathola incwadi kabani kumbhali wayenesithakazelo kungani umlingiswa oyinhloko - ekhazimula iqhawe ibutho laseSoviet - yigama lomunye uhlamvu etemibhalo. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, wathi Tvardovsky, ngaphambi elafika kule noveli P. Boborykin of the gama elifanayo. Kuphela Basil Terkin kuba yomthengisi yokungathembeki, fixers futhi umzenzisi. Imbongi ibona ukuthi, esethole incwadi, wathola, futhi ngaphandle okuningi ubumnandi kufundwa imisebenzi, kodwa igama iqhawe lakhe banquma ukungayisebenzisi nhlobo i ukushintsha. Noma kunalokho, akazange ongabheka noma iliphi ukuba ukuqondana kwezinto ezinjalo - ikakhulukazi, ukuthi umlando omubi ekuphenduleni inkondlo 'Vasily Terkin "empeleni akanalo iyiphi kuqhathaniswa inoveli - futhi waqhubeka esebenza ngendlela efanayo.

Kodwa emuva "izincwadi mayelana othanda ukulwa."

Ukuthuthukiswa ukukhulelwa ngemibono

Imbongi wakhumbula iqhawe lomkhumbi olamandla ongedluli, kakade intandokazi abafundi iphephandaba "Ukuvikela Motherland", ngonyaka wama-40. Kwenzeka isimanga ngoba phezu lama-39 izincwadi, njengoba kuhlosiwe, Ubhale elilodwa noma amabili satires, bese senze omunye umsebenzi. Kuphela Shcherbakov isikhathi eside waphendukela ukuthi isithombe, okuyinto abantu abambalwa kakhulu enamathiselwe ukubaluleka okukhulu. Manje Twardowski futhi icabangela indlela ukuhlanganisa emsebenzini wakhe yobuciko - futhi kwakufanele kube le nkondlo - hero izihloko satirical sina yafuna ezingokoqobo. Waqala uthinte inkumbulo yakho konke lokho okuye elihlobene ne-War-Finnish, kuhlanganise kofakazi bokuzibonela, waya Vyborg, ngiphindelela izihloko ezinyathelisiwe, nokunye. N. Nokho, ukubhala umsebenzi, njengoba kwakuhleliwe, kuya 41 th ayisebenzanga, bese kuqala impi. Ngenxa yalokho, umlando indalo "Vasiliya Terkina" ngesikhathi esithile kufanele bugcine phakathi kokucabanga Ukwakheka kwesiqinti, isithombe protagonist.

1942

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala Twardowski impi bathunyelwa epini njengoba umlobeli othile. Ezinyangeni zokuqala, okukhulu kakhulu futhi hot, kwaze kwaba enkondlweni. Ngakho kudala ke kwavela ikhanda lami umbono lihlehliselwe u ehlobo lika-42-th, lapho umlando ukudalwa le nkondlo Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin" uthola ukuqhubeka yayo. Kodwa manje-ke kwakufanele kube umkhiqizo kwenye impi - abantu baseSoviet ngokumelene abahlaseli undlovukayiphikiswa. Futhi hero Vasi waphendukela Basil, samuntu Russian okusanhlamvu abalimi, ukusebenza, osebenza ngokuzikhandla, abamelela ukuvikela izwe lakubo.

Isahluko sokuqala imisebenzi emisha Aleksandra Trifonovicha bavele phambi omunye amaphephandaba Septhemba. Khona-ke le nkondlo by ngokuvamile ephrintiwe izinhlelo eziningi, iyatholakala njengoba amasosha ezilwayo, futhi labo abasala emva. Omunye wasiza ukuzwa ubunzima bokuphila ngaphambili, ezinye - alindele umndeni kule impi enyantisayo. "Le ncwadi imayelana leli sosha" abathandwa bonke abafundi, futhi wonke umuntu lalibheke phambili izahluko entsha, hero okuyinto kwaba isosha ngagama elula Russian - isithombe esisha yawudala A. Twardowski - Vasily Terkin.

Umlando inkondlo phakathi nempi

Umsebenzi silotshwe phansi nonyaka 45-le, nakuba namanje in the 43 th, ngemva kokuba abalimele, ukuphulukisa yimpumelelo futhi ukubuya hero ohlelweni, umlobi wacabanga elafika lokugcina. Abafundi wangenela, befuna ukuqhubeka senkondlo, okwakuyinto fair uxabana, njengoba kwaphawula u-Twardowski. Basil Terkin, umlando ukudalwa okuyinto wenziwa athuthukiswe, waphinda wadabula emakhasini amaphephandaba nomagazini.

Umsebenzi ikhombisa izigaba eyinhloko empini: ukubaleka nezinezinhlekelele kakhulu Ezinyangeni zawo zokuqala, impi olwaba ingqopha-mlando, mashi okunqobayo entshonalanga. Kwakukhona ngisho isifiso ukuthumela iqhawe kuya ezingemuva yama-Jalimane, kodwa ngokushesha Twardowski badela plan onjalo, kokunquma ukuthi kungaphazamisa umklamo wonke umkhiqizo futhi wenze umlando isosha yangasese.

Ibhalwe ngesikhathi sempi ngathola eziningi izincwadi, kusuka kulo kulandele ukuthi abafundi unesithakazelo kakhulu emlandweni we "Vasiliya Terkina", ikakhulukazi, ukuthi ngabe umuntu ekhona, ezichazwe senkondlo, empeleni. Futhi ngenkathi hero kwaba eningi namesakes - omunye wabo, uViktor vasilevich Terkin Waze wacela ukushintsha igama lakhe siqu sakhe - ngakho impendulo njalo kwaba: Basil Terkin - umlingiswa oqanjiwe ngokuphelele futhi akanayo prototype yangempela. Wabumba kusukela kokuma siqu UMBHALI emelela Izici ezingcono kakhulu wasemuva Russian.

Yokuvalelisa iqhawe

Umlando "Vasiliya Terkina" iphela ukunqoba entwasahlobo ka '45. Ngo-May, Twardowski ishicilela Esahlukweni sokugcina "Kusukela umlobi", othi amabhidi yokuvalelisa isosha. Futhi naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wayeseholela waphinda ayeqiniseka isidingo ukuba baqhubeke nomsebenzi, yena wayefuna ulalelwe ngenkani: Terkina isikhathi sikhamba. Ngokusho kwakhe, manje ngezikhathi zokuthula, sidinga uhlamvu ezahlukene.

Unjalo-ke umlando we "Vasiliya Terkina" kafushane echazwe ngesisekelo sihloko A. Twardowski "Njengoba lokubhaliwe," Vasily Terkin (impendulo abafundi). "

esikhundleni isiphetho sendaba

Kakade eminyakeni post-yimpi, ngokwazi ukuthandwa Amazing nkondlo uhlamvu yayo esemqoka, abalobi abaningi abangathembekile wadala "ukuqhubeka" we uhambo hero, ngisho "mbumbulu" incwadi owaziwa. Impendulo kuwo ukuthi ukuyenza kwakuwubufakazi le nkondlo - ke uye wagcizelela Twardowski ngokuphindaphindiwe - "Vasily Terkin", umlando ukudalwa elichazwa ngumlobi, ngokucacile isiqediwe futhi sibuyele kuwo esikhathini esizayo is akulindelekile.