Itiyela Birch: Isicelo in ukulima

Okhokho bethu nakancane kwadingeka ukuba zinambuzane nemikhiqizo yokubulala ukhula, kodwa ezitshalwe yabo ezithela kakhulu. Akufanele kube ukuzikhohlisa ukucabanga ukuthi ngalezo zinsuku otshanini bakhona kwakuyinto iluhlaza, futhi izinambuzane engadini izitshalo wayengekho. Ngisho njengoba kukhona! Vele abantu ukwazi indlela yokubhekana nazo ngosizo amakhambi emvelo ukuthi musa balimaza empilweni yomuntu.

Maye, eziningi zalezi zindlela ethandwa yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali bakudala futhi cishe bonke abalimi yesimanje ajwayele ukusetshenziswa. Nokho, zikhona izibonelo okuphambene. Ngakho, ezinye ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile birch yomsizi netiyela. Isicelo e ukulima Lokhu kusho iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Kufanele bazuze kulokho zokhokho!

Kulesi sihloko thina ngeke uhlu main engadini kanye horticultural izinambuzane nezifo ukuthi zinganqotshwa ngosizo lokhu ekwakhiweni elula. Ngenxa yalokho, yini kuphela imali ngokuyeka awuthengi zokwenziwa analogue, kodwa futhi ugcine impilo yakho ukuthi amalungu emikhaya yawo uthando. Futhi omunye. Kwezinye izimo, kuba umane Irreplaceable birch itiyela in ukulima. N 66-FZ sinquma izinhlawulo ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezibulala-zinambuzane (ikakhulukazi uma uhlala eduze beekeeper), ukuze leli thuluzi kungaba isindise nokuphila ukuvikela kokwehla yabo uma kunesidingo.

Ukulwa izinambuzane apula

Ngokuvamile, balimi enkingeni leyo butterfly apula, ibhu ezivamile futhi Aporia Crataegi. I esiyingozi kakhulu iyona bhu, njengoba ikakhulukazi unyaka "yimpumelelo" La macimbi ungakwazi ngempela gobble cishe kwesigamu isivuno ingqikithi. Isizukulwane abasebasha yalesi inkathazo lurks ngaphansi kuqweqwe, emhlabathini okubi bemba zemithi, amagatsha nebhalsamu namagxolo liwile. Amacimbi pupate kaningi ukuqala azungeze phakathi May, futhi le nqubo iyaqhubeka cishe 50 izinsuku. Ngemva komapula iqhakazile, iqala indiza omkhulu we imago (ifomu omdala) isinambuzane.

Lokhu ihlala cishe 19 izinsuku. Butterflies amaqanda, axube ukuba underside iqabunga blade. Kuthatha amasonto amabili, futhi kukhona amacimbi elinganeliseki, ezithinta injabulo enkulu ehlele izithelo kwakhiwa. Kuleli qophelo kuziwa kosizo itiyela birch. Isicelo e ingadi ikuvumela ukuba ngokuphepha ukuvikela apula kusukela inundu. Lokhu kuzodinga hhayi kuphela iphimbo kodwa futhi ngensipho namanzi, kusukela ofuna ukwenza isixazululo ekhethekile.

indlela kulungiselelwa

A ibhakede lamanzi uphuzwe 10 amagremu, bese ungeze ku kwesigamu ibha insipho. Kodwa-ke kufanele akhumbule nibekezelelana Christmas imihlobiso loNyaka Omusha, njengoba isixazululo ngomumo is batheleka Bubbles ezincane kanye hang in the izihlahla. Okwakushiwo lesi senzo ukuthi ingxube okuholela unuke kahle kakhulu sivimbele plodozhorok. Yini enye Birch itiyela? Isicelo in ukulima akugcini kuphela okwesabisa away inkathazo.

Ukulwa Aporia Crataegi

Wake wambona lihhabhula isihlahla amahlamvu ongaziwa omisiwe zihambisana umfece futhi zihambisana into efana sewebhu? Yileyo ndlela esizwa ngayo amacimbi overwinter Aporia Crataegi. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kuze 15-17 degrees Celsius, bona ukukhasa baphuma ezinqabeni ayecashe khona uqale methodically uyoshwabadela efihlekile abasha: ngosuku ngalunye odla kunye! Ekupheleni kuka-May, njengoba ewufunzwa, bona pupate. Ukuthuthukiswa akuthathi isikhathi eside - izinsuku ezingaba ngu-20. Kakade phakathi no-June kuqale eminyakeni zezimvemvane, futhi ekuqaleni kuka July, isizukulwane esisha amacimbi, omnyama qhubeka umsebenzi ababengaphambi zabo. Futhi lokho kulokhu kungase kusize itiyela birch? Isicelo in ukulima ke ulula, futhi kulesi sikhathi.

Ukuze balahle nalesihlava, kubalulekile, okokuqala, ukuze konke isikhathi ukuhlangana "convolution" esisele apula. Okwesibili, izihlahla kumele olufuthwe nge isixazululo itiyela, zazo ukupheka indlela sishilo ngenhla. Ukuze ubambe lesi senzakalo kufanele sibe ekuqaleni izimbali apula izihlahla, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho ukwelashwa wenziwa yemithi ngokumelene bhu. Nidlala nobani, zisasetshenziswa birch itiyela in ukulima?

Izinambuzane, izifo ipheya kanye izinyathelo zokunqanda kubo

Naphezu igama layo, cherry umsahi kuyinto engakwenqeni kudla emacembe ezisencane ipheya. Njengezinye izinambuzane, izibungu lalezi zinambuzane overwinter enhlabathini eduze kwesihlahla, kanye doti elihlala ezimbi sokuvuna ekwindla engadini. Njengoba nje inhlabathi lifudumeza up kanye ngezinga elifanelekile yokufudumala, bona pupate bese ziphenduka zibe abantu abadala. indiza yabo kuvumelana ukuqala zom izithelo itshe izitshalo. Zilimaza futhi amagonandoda, futhi cherry kuthiwa indiva cherry, Quince, ama-raspberry ngisho sitrobheli. Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo amacimbi kungaba "afake" cishe kunoma iyiphi izihlahla zezithelo.

Nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa itiyela?

Izinsikazi amaqanda imigqa, ukuhlela kwabo kanye ebusweni phansi lamina. Lapho dweba izibungu, beqala nesizotha Peck inyama, bese zikhula ukuziluma amaqabunga amakhulu, ngokusebenzisa-imbobo. Phawula khona inkathazo kungaba khona imifece phezu ephansi leaf surface. Ngokubukeka ziyindawo ezilulazayo namathe. Yini okumelwe ukwenze kanye nendlela ukusiza lapha itiyela birch? Ukusetshenziswa leli thuluzi in ukulima futhi kulesi simo, nobunzima ekhethekile lihlukile. Ngokushesha nje lapho amahlamvu kuqala ukuvela izihlahla eziluhlaza, sishaye kufanele kwenziwe loxhumana isakhiwo echazwe ngaphambilini. kamuva Cishe ngesonto okuphindaphindiwe inqubo.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma izithelo uke waphawula amnyama ngemibuthano eyindilinga ngesimo amachashazi amhlophe? Kusobala ngakho kuyingozi isifo fungal - uqweqwe. Futhi lapha ukusiza itiyela birch. Ukusetshenziswa in ukulima, kulesi simo fanekiso ngokuphelele zonke lezi zimo ezichazwe ngenhla, ngaphandle iphuzu elilodwa. Isithako asebenzayo (isb itiyela) ukuze ibhakede lamanzi kufanele kuthathwe hhayi eziyishumi, kodwa kube-15 kuphela Ungeqisi it! Iqiniso ukuthi itiyela birch, awasebenzisa ensimini futhi engadini ngalo ukuthi singabalandeli echaza manje, iqukethe eziningi izinto eyingqabavu, okuyinto, uma ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile Ungakwazi bashise amahlamvu.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane of iplamu

On iplamu iplamu inundu kuyinsakavukela ikakhulukazi. Kube Trans-iBaikal nezinhlobo zalo elise-Asia Ephakathi, kodwa, ngokuvamile, umehluko kuphela kuphela basebusika imodi. Uhlobo lokuqala isebenzisa kwalokhu amahlamvu bawa futhi amagatsha, ungakwazi overwinter ku imifantu sokhuni. Central inundu Asian ngesikhathi sasebusika ngaphansi ungqimba amagxolo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kodwa butterfly omdala ziboniswa ekuqaleni June. Maphakathi ngenyanga abanasikhathi ukuhlehlisa kweqembu amaqanda e efihlekile. Ukuza aphume iqanda, isibungu iqala kuleso sidlo, kuqala kokubhubhisa ithambo iplamu, futhi ekugcineni ukudla ngokuphelele inyama. Ngenxa yalokho izithelo kuyinto uhlobo sikhwama, wagcwalisa ngokuphelele ne indle inkathazo.

Ukuvimbela mkhuba ezingemnandi ezinjalo, kubalulekile ekuqaleni May, isifutho obuhle isixazululo of itiyela sokukhipha amanzi anensipho, ngemva kwesonto ukukwenza futhi. Ngokufanayo wathola uma iplamu yakho ipulazi "ehlaselwa" perforated izithelo itshe zokubona. Kulokhu, itiyela birch, elisetshenziswa nengadi entwasahlobo esiye kuchaziwe nje, kusiza ukulondoloza cishe zonke izilimo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali nolaka.

Izinambuzane nezifo cherry

Cherry iplamu inundu iziteleka, Aporia Crataegi futhi Weevil. I Weevil eziyingozi kakhulu - bug mayelana ezinhlanu amamilimitha angu eside ukuba umbala ukukhanya lemicu empunga elinamathela othini. Usebenta yokuthi ishidi gnaws amapuleti onqenqemeni noma umane gnaws yonke ingxenye emaphakathi ishidi. Musa bangafuni lezi zilokazane ngokuthi amahlumela amasha, efihlekile kanye efihlekile; bakamalalahlengezela kudle esibelethweni, kwezinye izimo, kusale abalimi ngaphandle sokuvuna.

I Inkathazo babathanda nucleus osanda waqala imbewu, ukufinyelela okuyinto gnaws amajikijolo abasha ngokusebenzisa. Ngokuvamile abathintekayo cherry nje liwe, futhi asele abe ifomu kabi, futhi ukunambitheka indigestible ngokuphelele. I mabhungane overwinter phezulu inhlabathi ungqimba, zikhetha ukufihla ngaphansi ungqimba amaqabunga bawa nebhalsamu namagxolo. Egg laying siqala no-June, izinsikazi we inkathazo ngenjongo ekhethwe labo cherry, okuyinto ngaleso sikhathi kwadingeka isikhathi zikhule isigamu lingakanani.

Uma uthola isibungu, adle kuqala ngokuphelele usengumfana core, okwathi ngemva kwalokho babuyela pupate. ibhungane Adult liphuma ukubhujiswa umbungu cishe ngo-August, ngokushesha ukuqala ukubheka indawo efanelekayo yokubeka ubusika.

Indlela ungabhekana kanjani nakho nge ibhungane eziyingozi, kutilolonga ukusetshenziswa itiyela birch ingadi? Ngokuvamile, izilinganiso ziyafana. Uma ama cherry kuyoba amahlamvu kuqala abasha, isihlahla kufanele olufuthwe nge isixazululo insipho ye yomsizi netiyela. Ngokushesha ngemva izimbali, lapho umuthi iqala ukuvela kuyabonakala kusukela esibelethweni, umcimbi okuphindaphindiwe.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane of black currant

Black currant ingenye ezivame kakhulu izithelo izitshalo, kodwa futhi omunye kakhulu ehlaselwe nezilokazane nezifo hhayi kuphela. Leli bhu ezivamile, izinhlobo ezahlukene izibungu, kanye nokugqwala powdery isikhutha.

Usongo esiyingozi kakhulu bhu, okuyinto sithinta cishe zonke izinhlobo currant. isiphungumangathi wayo overwinter ku udoti osale ngemuva, isivuno siba simbi ingadi yemifino, kanye ungqimba engenhla inhlabathi. Ukuhamba izimvemvane abasha livela ngesikhathi ukuqhakaza amaqabunga yokuqala ziphethe isikhathi ekupheleni izimbali. Ngokuvamile, balala amaqanda abo ngqo izimbali. Lingakapheli isonto amacimbi ziyaphuma, masinyane baqala ukuluma ku amaqanda abasha. Njengoba asebenzelana ngayo berry isibungu lokuqala kukhasa ku esibelethweni eduze, kokuphawula indlela yabo ngosizo kuwebhu. Kwaze kwaphela inyanga isibungu udla isithelo kanzima, iyehla ezingeni kwenhlabathi futhi balungiselela pupation.

Kanjani, kulesi simo-ke wenza ukusetshenziswa birch itiyela ingadi? Ngaphambi izimbali kuyadingeka ukwenza isixazululo ayegcwele itiyela (hhayi ngaphansi kuka 13-15 amagremu ibhakede lamanzi ngalinye) ngensipho namanzi futhi kahle fafaza sezihlahla. Ukwakheka ukunakekelwa ngokukhethekile lisetshenzisiwe Ezansi izindwani leaf, njengoba lezi zindawo ngokuvamile ahlale ingelashwa, ngenxa yalokho izimvemvane kungaba amaqanda lapho.

Kukhona eyodwa caveat. Ukusenza umkhuba ukusetshenziswa birch itiyela in ukulima, ochwepheshe abaningi abangu camera ngetiyela okumsulwa, exutshwe esincane izinkuni umlotha, currant iziqu. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa izifo eziningi ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane, okuyinto ungashiya kahle ngaphandle isivuno.

izinambuzane gooseberries

Ngaphezu kwakho konke leli bhu esifanayo, zokulawula ngawo siye ezichazwe ngenhla, lokhu isiko ikakhulukazi ehlasela ngentshiseko sawfly. Ngaphandle gooseberries, la mabhungane ngokuvamile kakhulu ukukhetha okubhekiswe obomvu currant ezihlabayo ukuthi ngenxa ehlasela futhi mass ingase ilahleke kahle. Njengakuwo wonke amacala langaphambilini, iziphungumangathi overwinter phezulu inhlabathi ungqimba, kanye izinambuzane omdala kuqala ukuvela ngesikhathi ukuqhakaza amahlamvu abasha ezansi lapho abesifazane amaqanda amaningi inkathazo. Barely ngesonto avele amacimbi ukuthi uqale scouring le namanzi uginindela ishidi. Ngemva kwenyanga bephendukela zibe iziphungumangathi, futhi ngemva kwesonto ukukhanya livela isizukulwane esisha inkathazo.

Kulokhu kuyasiza birch itiyela, awasebenzisa ensimini lapho sichaza ngayo kulesi sihloko? Kunconywa ukuba kancane ukuguqula isixazululo, okwakubekelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe eshiwo ngenhla. Okokuqala, wafaka ibhakede lamanzi ambalwa izingilazi sifted izinkuni umlotha. Ingxube wagcinwa ngobusuku obubodwa, ikhambi u elicwengekileyo futhi wanezela nalokho okungenani 15 amagremu itiyela, kanye nengxenye yezikhulu bar soap, ochotshoziwe ku chips encane. Lapho kubhujiswa sawfly birch itiyela elisetshenziswa ukulima kufanele kube kabili: ngesikhathi ukuqhakaza amaqabunga kuqala futhi ngemva kwenyanga kwenzeke lokho.

raspberry izinambuzane

Ngalokhu lohlupho lolu isiko kuyinto Weevil-Weevil. Ngokubukeka kuba bug encane, ubude baso ingeqi amamilimitha angu ezintathu. Ngokuvamile overwinter ku ungqimba amaqabunga awile ebusika. Yena uncamela udle efihlekile, kodwa ukubukeka kwabo akuvumelani akwesabe amaqabunga abancane amahlumela, okuyinto gnaws izimpi zakhe. oviposition isikhathi - isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga. izibungu achanyuselwa bahlale ihlumela ndawonye nabo kuwele phansi lapho inqubo uqhubekele pupation.

Ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kabusha mass ezidala, ngisho nangaphambi ukuqhakaza wokuqala flower efihlekile kumele kube kahle fafaza ukubunjwa raspberry, esiye eshiwo ngenhla ngokuphindaphindiwe. Kodwa hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokuchitheka lezi izinambuzane kufanelekile birch yomsizi netiyela. Isicelo - engadini, ingadi yemifino. Aphid, izintuthwane kanye yizimbuzane zibuye zibe nezinzwa ukusebenza le amazing izindlela zemvelo.

Kafushane, uyalisebenzisa yini leli thuluzi elula ungathembela ukuba bavikele izwe labo kusukela ngamashwa amaningi!