Ithebula izinto kwabantu. Formula ukuminyana physics. Njengoba kuboniswa kwabantu physics

Ucwaningo we kwabantu ndaba iqala kuze kube physics esikoleni esiphakeme. Lo mqondo ubhekwa ayisisekelo ingxoxo eyengeziwe emangqamuzaneni-kinetic theory izifundo i-physics kanye ne-chemistry. Ukuze ukufunda isakhiwo ndaba, izindlela uphenyo kungenziwa bazitshela kumiswa imiqondo yesayensi zomhlaba.

Umqondo sokuqala isithombe esinobunye izwe elikunikeza physics. grade 7 efunda kwabantu ndaba ngesisekelo imiqondo elula izindlela zocwaningo, ngokoqobo imiqondo ngokomzimba kanye namafomula.

Izindlela zocwaningo ngokomzimba

Kuyaziwa ukuthi phakathi izindlela ukuphenywa kokuphulwa zemvelo ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana observation isilingo. Ukugcina zemvelo ezifundiswa esikoleni sabaqalayo: by nesilinganiso elula, ngokuvamile kukhona "Ikhalenda yemvelo." Letinhlobo ukuqeqeshwa bayakwazi ukuletha ingane isidingo ukuhlola umhlaba, ngokuqhathanisa izenzakalo waphawula, ukukhomba ubudlelwano imbangela nemphumela.

Nokho, kuphela sisidonse ukuhlola uzolinikela ezandleni abasha wamazwe ithuluzi in ethola izimfihlo zendalo. Ukuthuthukiswa ucwaningo zokuhlola eyenziwa amakhono kanye nokuqeqeshwa okuwusizo umsebenzi laboratory.

Kuphethe ukuhlola ngokuhamba physics iqala nenani UKUCHAZISISA ngokomzimba ezifana ubude, area, ivolumu. Lokhu usungula ukuhlobana zezibalo (abstract ngokwanele ukuba ingane) nolwazi ngokomzimba. Izicelo Eziya Kuziphathimandla nakho kwengane, kokucubungula eside ngiyazise amaqiniso kusukela Ngokombono ongokwesayensi kunomthelela kwetinhlavu sekhono edingekayo. Injongo yokuqeqeshwa kuleli cala - isifiso sokuziphakamisa-kuvisisa entsha.

Isifundo density

Ngokuhambisana indlela ukuqeqeshwa inkinga ekuqaleni isifundo, ungacacisa imfumbe eyaziwa: "Yini kusinda: ikhilogremu fluff noma ikhilogremu yensimbi" Yiqiniso, oneminyaka engu-11-12 abaneminyaka ungakwazi ukuphendula umbuzo ezidumile kuzo kalula. Kodwa isikhalo emnyombweni wendaba, ithuba ukuthola engavamile yayo kuholela umqondo density.

I kwabantu of ndaba - iyunithi mass umthamo yayo. Ithebula kwabantu izinto ngokuvamile samanje izincwadi futhi izincwadi, kuvumela ukuhlola umehluko phakathi izinto, futhi uthi uquqaba ndaba. Qaphela kunomehluko phakathi izakhiwo ngokomzimba kwezinto eziqinile, uketshezi kanye amagesi ngaxoxa, incazelo yaleli Umehluko nje ngokwakheka futhi ilungiselelo mutual izinhlayiya, kodwa zezibalo inkulumo izici ketshezi idinga ukufunda physics ezingeni ehlukene.

Ukuhlanganisa lo ulwazi nencazelo ngokomzimba umqondo ngaphansi sokutadisha nethebula kwabantu izinto. Ingane, enikeza impendulo yombuzo: "Kuyini ukubaluleka kwabantu into ethize", Uvisisa kutsi lena nenqwaba 1 cm ³ (noma 1 m ³⁾ izinto.

Udaba density amayunithi lingavuswa kulesigaba Lesiphakeme. Kuyadingeka ukuba ucabangele izindlela ukuze uthumele amayunithi ukuze inkomba izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqeda ukucabanga static, thatha ezinye simiso izibalo kanye nezinye izindaba.

inhlanganiso

Yiqiniso, ukutadisha physics akukwazi ephelele ngaphandle ekuxazululeni izinkinga. Kulesi sigaba kukhona okokufaka ukubala ifomula. inhlanganiso Ifomula 7 grade physics, cishe, ngokomzimba ezidlula ubuhlobo yokuqala izingane. Yena unaka ngokukhethekile hhayi kuphela ngenxa ukutadisha kwabantu imiqondo, kodwa futhi ku izindlela ukuqeqeshwa zokuxazulula izinkinga.

Kuyinto kulesigaba ye-algorithm selibekiwe izixazululo ngokomzimba Computing imisebenzi amafilosofi isicelo of amafomula eziyisisekelo, nezincazelo amaphethini. Fundisa ukuhlaziywa inkinga, indlela zosesho ka ezingaziwa, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa master amayunithi kokuzama ukusebenzisa maqondana ezifana ifomula kwabantu physics.

Isibonelo izimo zokuxazulula izinkinga azenzeki

ISIBONELO 1

Nquma kusuka into cube ekhiqizwa enesisindo 540 grams kanye ivolumu 0.2 DM ^3.

ρ -? m = 540 g, V = 0,2 DM ³ = 200 cm ³

ukuhlaziya

Ngesisekelo umbuzo inkinga, siyaqonda ukuthi ukuchaza izinto kusukela okwakwenza cube, siyakufa ithebula ukudla okuqinile nokuminyanisa.

Ngakho-ke, thina ukuchaza kwabantu ketshezi. Esikhathini amatafula, lesi silinganiso sinikezwa g / cm ^3, ngakho ivolumu DM idluliselwe ³ cm ^3.

isinqumo

Ngu definition: ρ = m: V

Singabantu: ivolumu, isisindo. izidakamizwa ukuminyana ingabalwa:

ρ = 540 g: 200 cm ³ = 2.7 g / cm ^3, okuhambelana aluminium.

Impendulo: I-cube is eyenziwe aluminium.

Ukunqunywa nezinye eziguquguqukayo

Ukusebenzisa ifomula kwabantu ukubala ikuvumela ukuba ichaze nezinye lucobo. IMisa, ivolumu, Ubukhulu komugqa izidumbu ehlotshaniswa ne ivolumu ibalwa kalula izinkinga. Ulwazi zezibalo ukucacisa endaweni nomthamo lezinombolo weJiyomethri lisetshenziswe izicelo evumela ukuchaza isidingo sokuba isifundo wezibalo.

ISIBONELO 2

Nquma ukushuba we ungqimba yethusi, okuyinto camera nge nto surface area 500 cm ^2, uba kusaziwa ukuthi enamathela lidliwe 5 g yethusi ezaziwayo.

h -? S = 500 cm ^2, m = 5 g, ρ = 8,92 g / cm ^3.

ukuhlaziya

Ithebula kwabantu izinto ukucacisa ubukhulu zethusi kwabantu.

Sisebenzisa ifomula kuhlaziywa kwabantu. Kulesi ifomula iyona ivolumu yento engesimumathini, esekelwe umuntu angahlangabezana ukuthola ubukhulu komugqa.

isinqumo

Ngu definition: ρ = m: V, kodwa kule ifomula kufanele amagugu oyifunayo, ngakho sisebenzisa:

V = S x h.

Uma kufakwa ku-formula eziyisisekelo, sithola: ρ = m: Sh, lapho:

h = m: S x ρ.

Thina ukubala: h = 5 g ⁽² x 500 cm 8,92 g / cm ³⁾ = 0.0011 cm = 11 um.

A: I ukushuba we ungqimba nethusi 11 microns.

ukuzimisela kokulinganisa density

Imvelo yokulinga ye-physical sciences luboniswa ucwaningo laboratory. Kulesigaba nemakhono labawatfolile ukuhlola, incazelo yokuthi okutholakala ngayo.

Umsebenzi esisebenzayo yokunquma kwabantu ndaba ehlanganisa:

• Ukunquma ukuminyana ketshezi. Kulesi sigaba, guys, kakade angaphambilini isilinda, kalula ukunquma kwabantu uketshezi kusetshenziswa indlela.
• Ukunqunywa lesifanele ukuminyana impahla yakha eziqinile. Lo msebenzi kubuye engangabazi, njengoba sekuxoxiwe a imisebenzi ukubala ezifanayo futhi isipiliyoni zitholwa yokulinganisa ngevolumu Ubukhulu komugqa emzimbeni.
• Ukunqunywa ukuminyana irregularly okwenyanga okuqinile. Lapho efeza lo msebenzi sisebenzisa indlela yokunquma ngevolumu umzimba ezimise irregularly esebenzisa beaker. Kuyasiza egcizelela izici le ndlela: ikhono okuqinile ukuba azixoshe uketshezi, ivolumu okuyinto ivolumu umzimba. umsebenzi Landelayo kuvunyelwe ejwayelekile.

Imisebenzi yinkimbinkimbi eliphezulu

Ingabe izinkinga umsebenzi ngokunikeza izingane ukucacisa sidakamizwa okuyinto umzimba kwenziwa. Isetshenziswa kuleli thebula Izinto ukuminyana ivumela ukuziqhakambisa isidingo nekhono ukusebenza sendlalelolwati.

Ekuxazululeni izinkinga zokuhlola, abafundi kudingeka ukuthi ulwazi oludingekayo ku ukusetshenziswa amadivayisi ngokomzimba futhi ukudluliswa amayunithi. Ngokuvamile, lokhu yilokho okubangela abaningi kakhulu amaphutha kanye zamehlo. Mhlawumbe lokhu isigaba ekutadisheni physics ukunikeza isikhathi esengeziwe, kusenza ukuqhathanisa ulwazi nokuhlakanipha cwaningo.

inhlanganiso ngobuningi

Ucwaningo into emsulwa, yebo, ezithakazelisayo, kodwa kukangaki zenzeka izinto ezihlanzekile? Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke sihlangana Izingxube futhi Alloys. Indlela kulokhu? Umqondo kwabantu ngobuningi ayikuvumeli abafundi ukwenza amaphutha ejwayelekile bese usebenzisa nenani isilinganiso kwabantu ndaba.

Ukuxazulula indaba kubalulekile ukunikeza ithuba silibone umehluko phakathi kwabantu ndaba kanye kwabantu ngobuningi imele kusaqalwa. Ukuqonda lokhu umehluko kuyadingeka ukuze utadisha physics.

Kakhulu ezithakazelisayo umehluko esimweni izinto ngobuningi. Vumela ingane ukufunda kwabantu ngobuningi kuncike impahla uphawu Usayizi izinhlayiya ngabanye (amatshe, isihlabathi nokunye okunjalo. D.) Njengoba kungenzeka ngesikhathi ucwaningo kokuqala,.

I kwabantu eyisihlobo izinto

Ukuqhathanisa izakhiwo izinto ezahlukene ngokwanele ezithakazelisayo ngesisekelo yamanani isihlobo. Isihlobo kwabantu daba - esinye salezi amagugu.

Ngokuvamile, ukuminyana isihlobo efana kunqunywa maqondana amanzi distilled. Njengoba isilinganiso kwabantu into isithenjwa kwabantu, lesi silinganiso kunqunywa usebenzisa pycnometer. Kodwa ngokuhamba isikole isayensi yemvelo, lolu lwazi alisetshenziswa, kuyathakazelisa ngesifundo ezijulile (ngokuvamile mawuthanda).

level Olympic ka ukutadisha zemvelo noma yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali kungathinta welithi "ukuminyana eyisihlobo impahla maqondana hydrogen." Ngokuvamile lapho isetshenziswa amagesi. Ukuze sithole ukuminyana eyisihlobo negesi isilinganiso mass izinyo lomhlathi of igesi ukuhlolwa kuya mass izinyo lomhlathi hydrogen. Ukusetshenziswa isihlobo mass yamangqamuzana is hhayi ngaphandle.