Inani labantu base-Croatia. Inkolo, ulimi kanye nencazelo emfushane yezwe

Croatia - izwe izivakashi-Adriatic. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa kabanzi mayelana nabantu eCroatia, ulimi lakhona kanye nezici.

Kuyini kuleli zwe?

Croatia itholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu eYurophu Ephakathi. Lizungezwe Slovenia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro. Ngecala lasentshonalanga yoba ngo-Adriatic Sea. endaweni Croatia kuyinto 56.542 amakhilomitha square. Ngaphezu ezwekazini, la lelizwe elawo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane iziqhingi. Krk, Cres, Brac, Hvar, Pag iyona enkulu kunazo zonke.

Ngaphambi ukuzimela ngo-1991, Croatia wawuyingxenye eYugoslavia. Manje i-republic azimele ifomu yasephalamende uhulumeni. Croatia eyilungu izinhlangano eziningana, kuhlanganise i-UN, i-European Union, NATO kanye OSCE. Iphepha imali Croatia ngokuthi Coons, zemali - limes.

The main futhi idolobha elingelesibili ngobukhulu - Zagreb. Phakathi emadolobheni amakhulu liphinde Osijek, Rijeka, Split. Muva nje, uhulumeni ngempumelelo ekuthuthukiseni ezokuvakasha yayo engaba, ethula abahambi njengoba ezikhangayo yezakhiwo kanye zemvelo. Leli zwe zokulondolozwa kanye yemvelo-20, kanye emadolobheni amaningi nge ezitaladini ephakathi izakhiwo.

labantu Croatia

Isibalo enihlala ezweni imayelana million 4.3. Ilizwe kwezwe elinabantu abaningi oluthatha indawo 120th emhlabeni. 51% labantu Croatia imelelwa abesifazane. Ngamagama density yezwe ivuliwe endaweni 94 kwenye square kilometre abantu abangu-79.

Sekukonke bempilo ezomhlaba engu-75. Croatia iyona eziphambili kakhulu phakathi kwamazwe ngaphambili owayengenalusizo ingxenye eYugoslavia. Nokho, emnothweni wesifundazwe is uyalulama ngemva kwempi ngo-1991. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ezingeni sasivumela lasetulu ekungasebenti, ke ilingana u-17%. I kwemiphakathi yasemadolobheni kuyinto cishe ngo 60%.

Croatia kuyinto ezweni ezimbonini-nezokulima. Kodwa ngenxa yezokuvakasha ithuthuka ngokushesha iningi labantu (53%) ukusebenza emkhakheni service. Mayelana 30% abantu bakuleli batholakale ohilelekile emkhakheni wezimboni bese kuthi ezolimo bekulokhu% 17 kuphela omphakathi.

Inkolo, ulimi

labantu Croatia sika eyohlobo Ukwakheka yobuhlanga, 90% labantu eCroatia. Bayisizwe yomdabu, omunye amagatsha South lwamaSlav abahlala insimu samanje yezwe namanje ekhulwini VII. Ukuze ukubonakala abantu libhekene ukukhula okusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinwele ezimnyama. Olubomvu eCroatia onezinwele ezimhlophe ezingajwayelekile kakhulu.

AmaSerbia amele inani elikhulu ezincane kazwelonke. Inombolo yabo imayelana 190.000. Bahlanganyela bahlala lika, Gorski Kotar futhi ESlavonia. AmaCzech namaRomany tibheke ikakhulukazi Daruvar, amaNtaliyane - e Istria. Ezinye izindaba zika- ezincane kazwelonke kusingathwa kulo lonke leli zwe. Bangabakhe Bosniaks, baseHungary, amaGypsy, amaJalimane, Slovenes, Albania.

ngolimi isiCroatia nge zamagama Latin at inhliziyo esemthethweni. Ngaphandle Croatian, izakhamuzi eziningi futhi bakhuluma isiNgisi, isiJalimane, isiNtaliyane. Kwenqwaba sabantu othi yamaKatolika. Cishe ama-5% labantu Orthodox, njengoba abantu abaningi - abangakholelwa kuNkulunkulu. Mayelana 2% kukhona amaProthestani namaSulumane.

Serbian noma Croatian?

Croatian siwulimi olusemthethweni, hhayi kuphela ngoba Croatia. Ezingeni esimweni samukelwa e Bosnia and Herzegovina: BaseSerbia Vojvodina, kanye Austrian isimo yase Burgenland. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu izilimi European Union olusemthethweni. Inombolo abakhuluma ngayo abantu abangaphezu kuka-6 million.

Croatian kungokwalabo iqembu Izilimi zesiSlavic. Abaseduze kuye kukhona Serbian, baseMontenegro futhi Bosnian. Kukhona izilimi zezigodi emithathu eyinhloko ulimi Croatian, okuyinto kwandile ezindaweni ezithile kuleli zwe. Abantu abaningi ungayiboni mehluko phakathi kwabo. Empeleni ngibabheka njengomndeni ezithi azifane, futhi abakhileyo emazweni amabili Balkan e-90% amacala kalula nomunye. okufana Literary kusekelwe, njengoba abangamaSerbia ku lwesigodi Shtokavian. Noma kunjalo, ulimi Serbian, anakho eziningi umehluko nemithetho yolimi nendlela lucebe.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside esimweni azange abe ulimi olufanayo, ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakunabanye ababaleki ezintathu ulimi tetemibhalo, ngubani zazisekelwe ISonto noma kwezinye ezilimini Croatian. Ekhulwini XIX isinqumo ukuhlanganisa ulimi kanye Serbian. Kulokhu, esikhundleni Cyrillic Croatia amukela zamagama Latin. Ngo XX leminyaka, amagxathu asebenzayo abazenzi ngaphakathi landelana ahlukanisa ulimi Croatian. Ibe neologisms eziningi.

Ukurhunyezwa negalelo kokufika emzini yabantu basemakhaya. Ngakho, ngo-wamukela okufana etemibhalo waqalwa eziphilayo ulimi lwabantu bendawo. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, uhulumeni eliholwa Broz Tito wayezama eyayenziwe sihlanganise izilimi ezimbili, ngokuthi inguqulo abajwayelekile Serbo-Croatian. Akazange isikhathi eside, futhi ekugcineni Croatia futhi walibangisa ukuthuthukiswa ngokunganaki ulimi namasiko.

isiphetho

I-Republic of Croatia ingenye amazwe Balkan Peninsula. Kuze 1991 kwaba ingxenye eYugoslavia kanye Serbia, Montenegro nezinye lamazwe aseBalkan. Iningi labantu eCroatia zomdabu. 10% kuphela basonta anabambalwa ngokohlanga, ikakhulukazi abasuka emazweni angomakhelwane. Naphezu ukufana ne uthi angomakhelwane, Croatia ngokuqiniseka azigcina uzibuse, yobuhlanga, ungubani kwezilimi zenkolo.