Isigodlo Sosayensi Namasiko eWarsaw: umlando, izithombe, izibuyekezo

Ukubheka ngokusebenzisa amakhadikhadi, amabhulogi nezinye izinkumbulo ezivela ePoland, ungabona ukuthi yonke indawo kukhona umfanekiso wesakhiwo esihle kakhulu esiphezulu esiboniswe esibhakabhakeni. Lesi sakhiwo esikhulu kakhulu senyuka singenye yezakhiwo eziyishumi eziphezulu ze-European Union. Isigodlo Sosayensi Namasiko eWarsaw lakhiwa ngo-1955 futhi kuze kube namuhla yikhadi elivakashelwa hhayi nje kuphela enhloko-dolobha, kodwa lonke izwe.

Isipho soSoviet Union kubantu abanobungane basePoland

Umqondo wokwakha ukuphakama okukhulu phakathi kweWarsaw kwakungokubaluleka kwezombusazwe futhi wavela ngokwakhe kuJV Stalin. Ekucaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi iNdlu yeSayensi neSayensi izokwakhiwa endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-120. Le phrojekthi yamukelwa nguhulumeni wasePoland, kodwa-ke, ngokuphoqeleka komklami waseSoviet uLev Rudnev kanye nomlingani wakhe waseWarsaw uJoseph Sigalin, kunqunywe ukwandisa ubukhulu besakhiwo cishe ingxenye. Ngenxa yalokho, iSigodlo Sosayensi Namasiko sakhula ngokuphakama ngamapulangwe angu-42, okuyinto kanye ne-spire yayingu-237 wamamitha.

Njengoba lesi sakhiwo kwakuyisipho ePoland esivela e-USSR, ukuxhaswa kwephrojekthi, kanye nokusebenza komsebenzi wokwakha, kwacatshangwa yi-Soviet side. Sekuphelele, abantu abangu-3 200 baye bahileleka ezindaweni zokwakha kusukela ngo-1952. Ngemva kokushona kukaStalin ngesinqumo soMkhandlu kaHulumeni kanye noMkhandlu weNgqongqoshe weRiphabhuliki Yabantu basePoland, iSigodlo Sosayensi Namasiko saqanjwa ngokuthi ngumholi weSoviet. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukufakela isikhumbuzo ku-Stalin esigcawini , ngisho nomncintiswano wamenyezelwa ngomdwebo omuhle wesikhumbuzo. Kodwa-ke banquma ukushiya lo mbono.

Ukuhlanganiswa kokubukeka komphakathi kanye nomlando

Ukulungiswa kokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziphakemeyo kwaqala ngo-1951. Izakhiwo zaseSoviet eziholwa uLev Rudnev eza ePoland futhi neqembu labalingani bendawo zavakashela amadolobha nezindawo eziningi zasePoland ukuze zifunde izitayela zezakhiwo zomlando zezwe. Ngenxa yalokho, le phrojekthi, esekelwe kulokho i-Moscow State University eyakhiwe khona, ithathwe njengesisekelo. I-Lomonosov, kodwa kucatshangelwa okuqondene nendawo. Kunqunywe ukuthi iSigodlo Sosayensi Namasiko kufanele sibe "isazi sezenhlalakahle ekuqukethwe, kodwa kuzwelonke ngesimo".

Isakhiwo sakhiwe endaweni lapho izindlu ezingenamakhaya zazigcwele khona izifo. Ithempeli elihle kakhulu liyisibonakaliso senkathi entsha, into eyingqayizivele yokwakhiwa kwanamuhla, eyenzelwe ukuqeda inhlobonhlobo yezinhlobo ezimbi zobuciko. Kusuka ezingeni eliphezulu ungabona ukubuka okumangalisayo komuzi okushintshile eminyakeni yamuva. Isakhiwo salesi sakhiwo sigcizelela ubuhle bendawo ezizungezile kusuka ezifundeni ezindala kuya ezindaweni eziningi zokuhlala, izindawo ezipaki nezinkundla zezemidlalo. Isigodlo Sosayensi Namasiko sizoba uphawu lwePolandist Poland. Cishe lokhu okuqukethwe kwale ncwadi kumaphephandaba asendaweni kwakudlulelwe ukuhambisana nokuvulwa kwesakhiwo ngo-1955.

I-Polish "colossus" emibhalweni namaqiniso

Isigodlo Sosayensi Namasiko eWarsaw, ikheli lakhe alishintshile kule minyaka engamashumi ayisithupha edlule, liseParadis Square, 1. Lokhu kuyinto ephakeme kakhulu hhayi kuphela enhlokodolobha, kodwa kulo lonke elasePoland. Isakhiwo sinamaphesenti angama-42 endaweni engama-817,000 m ² . Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo kuhlanganisa izici zokubukeka komphakathi, ubuciko bezobuciko kanye ne-Polish historicism.

Esitezi se-30 kukhona ipaki lokubuka ngokubuka kwe-Warsaw. Kusukela ngo-1956, kusukela kule sayithi, esendaweni engaphezulu kwamamitha angaphezu kwezingu-100, iningi lokuzibulala liye lazibophezela, ngemuva kwalokho izicingo zensimbi ezinjengama-grids okuvikela zifakiwe lapha.

Ngo-1989, emva kokupholisa ubudlelwane phakathi kweSoviet Union nePoland, umfanekiso omelela ubungane bezizwe ususwe emkhatsini wokubamba iqhaza. Ngama-1990, izingcingo zavezwa ngamanye amazwe ezombusazwe ePoland ukuba adilize lesi sakhiwo njengophawu "lokubusa kwamaSoviet ezweni elingenacala."

Ngonyaka ka-2000, esiteji esingaphansi, ukudonsa okukhulu kwe-watch kwaphakanyiswa, okwenza iNqabayokulinda ibe umbhoshongo omude kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngaleso sikhathi.

Ngo-2007 isakhiwo sangena kwiRejista kaHulumeni yeziKhumbuzo zasePoland.

Isakhiwo nenhloso yesakhiwo

Namuhla, iSigodlo Sosayensi Namasiko eWarsaw, isithombe sakhe osibona kulo magazini, siphethwe yi-City Hall. Lesi sakhiwo sinezinkampani nezinhlangano ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-Polish Academy of Sciences.

Izindawo zangaphakathi ezisezingeni eliphezulu zihlala ezindaweni eziningi ezibukeka kahle, iminyuziyamu, izindawo zokuthenga amabhuku, amahhovisi kanye nezikhungo zebhizinisi. Amakhomishana, imilayara, ichibi lokubhukuda, umsebenzi weposi wezakhamuzi kanye nezivakashi ze-capital.

Kukhona nehholo lekhonsathi labambukeli abangu-550 kanye nehholo lenhlangano yezihlalo ezingu-2880. Njalo ngonyaka, iNqabayokulinda ibamba izingqungquthela, imihlangano, imibukiso, amaforamu nemikhosi, kokubili kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe.

Izingxabano mayelana nokutholakala kwesakhiwo

Naphezu kokuthi iSigodlo Sosayensi Namasiko sekuyisikhathi eside sibe uphawu lwePoland futhi lenza imisebenzi eminingi ewusizo, ngezikhathi ezithile ezombusazwe kukhona inkinga ephathelene nokuziphatha okungokwemvelo kokuba khona kwesakhiwo seSoviet emhlabathini wasePoland. Imibono ngalolu daba ihluke ngokuphawulekayo, umuntu ukholelwa ukuthi namuhla iNqabayokulinda ayikho inzuzo yezombangazwe, abanye bathi ukudiliza isakhiwo, abanye bayasikisela ukuyibeka emnyuziyamu.

Kuthemba ukuthi ukuqonda okuyoba khona, futhi ukuphazamiseka kwezombusazwe ngeke kube isizathu sokubhujiswa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo esakhiwe ngobuciko, okuyinto iNdlu Yezesayensi Namasiko eWarsaw. Ukuphawula kwabantu abavamile abavakashele lesi sakhiwo akuthinteki izici zemiqondo. Zombili izakhamuzi zendawo kanye nezivakashi eziningi ziyakwamukela ukulinganisa kwesakhiwo, ukuvumelana nokulingana kwesitayela sokwakha.

Izinto eziseduze nasendlini

Izihambeli zenhloko-dolobha yasePoland zikhanga ngokuyinhloko ukwakhiwa ngokwazo, kusukela kumapulatifomu okubuka lapho ungabona khona umuzi wonke nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Ukuhamba okufishane kusuka esigcawini yisikhungo sokuzijabulisa nokuzijabulisa.

Eduze yindawo yokuthenga "i-Golden Terrace" - indawo enkulu yezitolo eWarsaw. Zikhona amahhotela namahhotela aseduze? Kusuka kumafasitela amakamelo akhululekile kakhulu ungabona imibhoshongo ekhanyayo yePhalamende yeSayensi Namasiko.