Isiboshwa se-Valve: izici eziyisisekelo, izinhlobo, isimiso sokusebenza

Izibophezelo zeluhlobo lwe-valve zisetshenziselwa izifunda zombane. Lawa madivaysi ayadingeka ukuze avimbele ukulayisha ngokwemvelo. Futhi, isango lokuboshwa kwesango kanye nokukhuphuka komzimba liyakwazi ukubhekana nokushintsha umsindo. Amadivaysi afakiwe ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwe-insulators. Imingcele eyinhloko yabokuboshwa ihlanganisa isigaba se-voltage kanye nemvamisa yokuqokwa.

Ukuphuka kumadivayisi kuhluke kakhulu. Uma sicabangela ukuguqulwa okumile, khona-ke i- voltage eqondile iyacatshangelwa. Kufanelekile ukuboshwa kwesango elingama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15.

Idivayisi kanye nomgomo wokusebenza wokuguqula

Isiboshwa esisezingeni elijwayelekile sihlanganisa ukumelana namabhange we-capacitor. Ama-disks ajwayele ukufakwa engxenyeni engenhla yesakhiwo. Amayunithi okushayela angaphansi kohlobo oluphansi. Futhi kufanele uqaphele ukuthi kukhona amadivaysi anezicabha zokuvala ezikhethekile. Ahluke kakhulu ekuqhumeni kwe-pulse. Ukuguqulwa okuningi kusebenza kusuka kumoduli.

Isimiso sokusebenza esithintekayo esangweni sisekelwe ekuguqulweni kwamanje. Okokuqala, i-voltage isetshenziselwa amapulethi. Ukuphikiswa kwamagnetic kuphendulwa ukumelana. I-capacitor block idlula i-current ngokwayo kuphela kwesinye isiqondiso. Yonke inqubo yokuguqula iyenzeka kumoduli. Okukhiphayo kuveza i-alternating yamanje ngevridi okungenani i-20 Hz.

Izinhlobo zamadivayisi

Ngokuklama, ukushintsha kanye namadivayisi aphansi-voltage ayodwa. Ukuguqulwa kwe-tubular kusetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni. Amadivayisi ashintshiwe anikezwe ngezinga eliphezulu. Kulokhu, i-voltage ebizwa ngokuthi i-modification ikhona ku-300 V. Izinhlelo zokuvikela zisetshenziselwa amakilasi ahlukene. Amadivayisi aphansi-voltage afanele abaguquli bezinkambo ze-RK.

Isibonakaliso semvamisa yokusebenza sezingeni lika-55 Hz. Amadivayisi we-tubular asetshenziselwa amanethiwekhi ane-current alternating. Kwabacwaningi be-series ye-PE, ukuguqulwa kwamagnetic kuyafaneleka. Kudivayisi ehlukile yesiteshi esinikezwayo yabelwe. I-voltage ye-voltage parameter ingakwazi ukufinyelela ku-340 W.

Ukushintsha amaModeli

I-switchgear ifana neziteshi zamandla zamandla ahlukene. AmaDisk kuleli cala aphezulu okuqhuba kahle. Uma ukholwa ochwepheshe, ukuzwela kwamabhuloki wekhono kuyafinyelela ku-30 mV. Amanothi amaningi asebenzisa i-block diode, evimbela ukushisa komthamo.

Ngokuqondile ama-resistors asetshenziswa, njengomthetho, we-wave type, i-lining isethwe ekuphakameni okuncane. Kubaguquli bezintambo ze-RK, laba ababoshiwe abagibeli abahambisani nodwa. Kuyafaneleka ukuguqulwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngaphakathi kwama-ruble angu-14.500.

Ama-low-voltage arresters

I-low-voltage discharger inhle ngoba ayesabi ukuphazamiseka kwamagnetic. Ukushayela kusetshenziselwa imvamisa ephansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-voltage ebizwa ngokuthi i-voltage iphakathi kuka-100 kuya ku-200. Iningi lokuguqulwa liyakwazi ukuziqhenya ngokuqhutshwa okuphezulu kanye nemithamo ye-residual ephansi. Futhi kufanele uqaphele ukuthi amadivaysi anhle kakhulu kubaguquli bezintambo ze-RK.

Uhlelo lokuvikelwa ekukhusheni lusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekilasini le-ME40. Umswakama osebenzayo u-90%. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kwesikhashana kulolu hlelo lwesifundazwe akuyona into embi. Kulabo abalahla uchungechunge lwe-KE, abaxoshiwe abafanelekile. Amayunithi we-Condenser lapha angamandla aphansi. Thenga umsebenzisi osezingeni eliphakeme lokukhipha ibanga elingakhona ngamanani ayi-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-8.

Ukuguqulwa kwe-Tubular

Ama-tubular kanye nokuphuma kwezikhala zifana. Ezingxenyeni zitholakala njalo. Isici esiyinhloko sokuguqulwa kwe-tubular sisezingeni eliphansi lokuqhuba. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi imvamisa yokusebenza ibhekene nobubanzi buka-40-50 Hz. Ukuguqulwa okuningi kuyafaneleka kubaguquli bezinkinobho ze-KE. Izinhlelo zokuphepha zisetshenziselwa amakilasi ahlukene.

I-voltage ephazamisayo, njengombuso, ayidluli ku-500 V. Umswakama osebenzayo womuntu oboshiwe awukho ngaphezu kwama-80%. Ukulayisha ngokweqile, abesabi, umzimba uvikelwe ngokuphelele. Izibhamu zamadivayisi ngokuyinhloko zihlobo oluhlangene. Ukugcoba kuleli cala kusetshenziswe kakhulu. Ama-discs asethelwa ibanga elifushane kusuka komunye nomunye.

Ukuguqulwa ngamabhokisi amabili e-condenser akuvamile kakhulu. Umthamo wabo ungama-microns ama-500. Ngokuvamile, i-voltage elinganisiwe ayidluli ama-watts angu-450. Izinhlelo zezokuvikela ze-KR azivame ukusetshenziswa. Uhlobo lwe-Dipole resistors for modifications alulungele kahle. Intengo yokuboshwa kwabagibeli abaphakathi kwezinkulungwane ezingu-14 kuya kwezingu-20.

Amamodeli ane-arc elongated

I-valve yokubopha ene-arc elongated ingasetshenziselwa kuphela esiteshini samanje esisha. Ochwepheshe abaningi bathi ukuguqulwa kube nokuqhuba okuhle okukhiqizayo. Noma kunjalo, izinkinga nge-polarity engafanele zenzeka njalo. Izinhlelo zokuvikelwa zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekilasini PK40. Umswakama osebenzayo waboshwa usezindaweni eziyi-90%. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kwamapayipi kulawa madivayisi akusibi kakhulu.

Kwabaguquli be-RA, lezi zinguquko azifanelekile. Ekhuluma ngemingcele, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi amavolumu okhethwayo aphezulu kakhulu. Imvamisa enkulu kunama-66 Hz. Iminyango yamahlathini ihamba nge-conductivity ehlukene. Ama-disks afakwe ikakhulu engxenyeni engenhla yesakhiwo. I-capacitor block ivolumu ihamba nge-50 pF. Ungathenga ukukhishwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwisitolo esithile se-elekthronikhi ekhethekile ngamaruble angu-15 kuphela.

Izici zeziboshwa ezimileyo

Ukuboshwa okusemthethweni kungasetshenziswa kuma-transformer series angu-KE. Amasistimu okuvikela amamodeli asetshenziselwa amakilasi ahlukene. Uma ukholelwa umbono wezazi, ukuziphatha kwabo ngokwesilinganiso kufana namamitha ayi-120. Ngokuvamile amadivaysi enziwe ngama-discs emgqeni. Amanothi amaningi angaziqhayisa ngobuzwe obuphezulu. Kumele futhi kuqaphele ukuthi amabhange ase-capacitor asetshenziselwa futhi ngaphandle kwama-transducers. Isilinganiso esiphakeme singama-50 pF.

Ukuze usebenzise inethiwekhi ye-AC-inikwe amandla, ukuboshwa okumileyo kufanelana kahle, abamesabi ukwanda okukhulu kwezulu. Abaphikisi, njengombuso, bahlobo lwe-dipole. Isigaba samagesi sixhomeke kumoduli. Ezinye izinguquko zivunyelwe ukuthi zisetshenziswe kubaguquli bomkhakha we-PK40. Amabhokisi e-Condenser angamandla aphansi, kodwa kukhona isihlungi sokuphazamiseka kwamagnetic. Thenga umsebenzisi okhululekile uyakwazi ukuthenga amanani ukusuka ku-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30.

Amapharamitha wokuguqulwa kwamagnetic

Ukuboshwa magnetic kukhiqizwa nge-adapter eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. I-voltage ekhethiwe ingaba ngu-500 V. Amadivaysi ngaphandle kokuhlunga ajwayelekile kakhulu. Izinkomba zihlobo lwe-dipole kuphela. Kule nkinga, amabhokisi e-capacitor afakwe ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, ukuboshwa kwamagnetic kusetshenziswe kuma-voltage transformers. Imvamisa yokusebenza kuleli cala igcinwa ku-50 Hz. Ukuze usebenze esiteshini se-DC, amadivayisi awafanelekile.

Ipharamitha yevolumu ephazamisayo ayikho kakhulu. Isivivinyo sabasolwa abasesangweni senziwa ngabahloli bezintambo. Umswakama wokusebenza wezinguquko u-60%. Ngokuvamile amadivaysi afakwa kuma- insulators. Amapulangwe anamathela kuzo zombili ezingxenyeni ezingenhla nezingezansi. Thenga umthengi omuhle angakwazi ngenani lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15.

Izici zamadivayisi ochungechunge РВО 12

Ukuboshwa kwalolu chungechunge kusetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwe-transformer ukuvimbela ukulayisha ngokwemvelo. I-voltage indicator ye-voltage i-300 V. Uma ochwepheshe kufanele bathenjwe, izinkinga nge-modulation engalungile kudivayisi akuyona into embi, isihlungi se-dipole salokhu kuguqulwa siyatholakala. Uma sikhuluma ngezici zokuklama, izazi zisho indawo ephansi yama diski. I-adapters ephakathi iyatholakala eduze kwe-modulator. Ibhokisi le-capacitor lisebenza ngesivinini se-30 Hz. Kulesi simo, amandla akhe alingana no-5 pF. I-voltage yokuphazamiseka kwedivayisi ingu-500 V.

Uhlelo lokuvikela luklasi ye-PK50. Uma ukholelwa umbono wezazi, khona-ke ukuphakama kwama-voltage idivayisi akufanelekile. Ukuphazamiseka kokushintshwa kwalesi model akuyona into embi. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi umqhubi ophakathi kwamanye amacala uphuma. Umswakama wokusebenza womuntu oboshiwe u-30%. Thenga imodeli yalolu chungechunge umsebenzisi angakwazi kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-20.

Izimpawu zokuboshwa 10

Isiboshwa se-Valve RVO 10 sinentshisekelo ngokuthi sinamamojula amabili. Imvamisa kulokhu ilawulwa yi-module. Inqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-discharger ayithathi isikhathi esiningi. Ochwepheshe abaningi bathi leli lunithi lilungele kakhulu abaguquli bezintambo ze-RK. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lokuvikelwa lunekhwalithi ephakeme, kanti umswakama osebenzayo u-60%. Thenga ummangalelwa we-RVO 10 umsebenzisi angakwazi ngentengo ye-ruble eyizinkulungwane ezingu-18.

Umehluko phakathi kochungechunge lwamadivayisi we-PBC 35

I-RVS yokubopha i-valve isebenza ku-DC circuit. Ukuguqulwa kufaneleka kuphela kubaguquli bezintambo ze-PE. I-conductivity kuma-disks iphezulu kakhulu. Futhi, ochwepheshe bathi inqubo yokuguqulwa kwamanje ayithathi isikhathi esiningi.

I-capacitor unit isetshenziselwa amandla aphezulu. Ukuzwela komthamo kufakwe ku-50 mV. Kuchungechunge lwe-KE50, ukuguqulwa akufanelekile. Umswakama wokusebenza womuntu oboshiwe usezingeni elingama-60%. Ukuze uthenge lokhu kuguqulwa umsebenzisi uyakwazi ukuthola ngentengo ye-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-22.

Izici zamadivayisi ochungechunge РВО 40

Ukuboshwa kwe-valve okumelelwe uchungechunge kunamathuba amaningi. Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi igcina ukuqhuba kahle ezingeni lama-microns angu-50. Ukulungiswa kwe-tubular lokhu kuningi kakhulu. Futhi, ochwepheshe bathi amadivayisi avunyelwe ukusebenza kuma-AC amanethiwekhi. Kwabaguquli bomkhakha we-RK, bavumelana ngokuphelele. Ukuqhutshwa kombuthano wokulahla uchungechunge olwethulwe kugcinwa kumamitha ayi-55mitha.

I-voltage ephakanyisiwe ayidluli ku-400 V. Abaguquli be-series ye-KE, amadivayisi awafanelekile. I-condenser unit isetshenziselwa umthamo omkhulu. Kulesi simo, isistimu yokuvikela ye-AK 50 isigaba isetshenzisiwe. Ukuvuthwa kwamandla okuguqulwa kutholakala ezingeni lika-430 V. Uhlelo lokuvikelwa kokungenelela kwamagagasi aluhlinzekiwe ekuguqulweni. Umswakama wokusebenza womuntu oboshiwe u-50%. Thenga umsebenzisi umodeli angakwazi for ruble eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-18.

Izimpawu zokuboshwa kwababoshiwe 10

I-OPN yokuboshwa kwesango isetshenziselwa abaguqulwa kochungechunge lwe-RK. Ama-insulator kuye afana nobubanzi obuncane kuphela. Uma ukholelwa umbono wezazi, ukuqhutshwa komuntu okhishwa kulolu chungechunge kuphezulu kakhulu. I-voltage ephakanyiswayo isesimweni se-450 V. Ngalesi sikhathi ukushintsha kokusebenza kutholakala ezingeni lama-microns angu-40. Uhlelo lokuvikelwa kokuguqulwa lungokwesigaba se-PE. Enenethiwekhi ye-alternate yamanje, i-condenser unit iyaphuza kakhulu.

Ukuze usebenze ne-transformer, ukuguqulwa ku-MO kuningi. Ikhono le-capacitor block liyi-50 pF. Ukunaka okukhethekile kule divaysi kufanelwe umqhubi olinganiselwe, olwa nomsindo oshukumisayo. Ukumodliyamu okubi akuyona into embi. Ngokuhlukile, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umswakama osebenzayo wokuboshwa u-80%. Thenga it umsebenzisi kungaba for ruble abayizinkulungwane ezingu-20.