Isakhiwo GDP-Ukraine. ukuthuthukiswa Ukraine kwezomnotho kusukela lathola uzimelegeqe

Umlando Ukraine geqe iqala kusukela ngo-August 24, 1991 - usuku ukutholwa Supreme Council yase-USSR uMthetho of Independence. Labetibambile 1 Disemba 1991 inhlolovo lilidlula evunyiwe isinqumo. Ayikho impumelelo efanayo wenze isimo ngisemusha ngeminyaka 30?

ifa Soviet

Ngaphambi kokuwa kweSoviet Union, Ukraine wahlala republic athuthukile kakhulu ngezithako zawo. umkhakha Ukrainian inamagatsha ezingaphezu kuka-300. Impumelelo enkulu yena lifinyelele ku yokusansimbi, amandla kagesi, isiqoqi sama-softwe, izimayini, chemical izimboni, ezolimo.

Nazi nje ezinye izinkomba weRiphabhulikhi ngaphakathi eU.SSR:

• 50% nsimbi;
• 36% of okuhlinza;
• 62% ukuba ukukhiqizwa kukashukela;
• 32% amafutha zemifino;
• 71% imikhiqizo yezilwane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziyinkimbinkimbi kwezempi-industrial yasungulwa. ezicitshwayo ballistic Famous "Sathane" kwaba eqoqwe ku laseDnepropetrovsk Pivdenmash.

umlando wanamuhla

GDP Ukraine kwakungu US $ 81,5 amabhiliyoni. Ngo-1991 I-igebe ubudlelwane kwezomnotho kanye komnotho wonke ama-republic ezwe elaliyi-Soviet Union kubange okwathatha isikhathi eside kangako esibucayi e-Ukraine. Kwatholakala kube nzima kakhulu ngo-1999, lapho i-GDP Ukraine sika lehla 40,8 amabhiliyoni.

Inkinga ubulele ukukhiqizwa eziningi zobuchwepheshe. The main izinto ukuthekelisa e-Ukraine baye bahlala ezolimo, yokusansimbi namakhemikhali umkhakha. nokukhula kwe-GDP e-Ukraine ngeke nakho kwaba nengxenye ekusindeni kwesimo sezombusazwe ezweni. Inani labantu base-Ukraine yahlukaniswa mayelana ngokulinganayo ibe izingxenye 2. Omunye kungaba ngokuthi pro-Western, elinye - the pro-Russian.

Ngenxa yalokho, Ukraine sonke isikhathi ayikwazanga ukunquma nge amasu ayo ukuthuthukiswa. UMongameli kwakulandelwa ushintsho futhi ushintsho Yebo - ENtshonalanga noma Russia. Kolunye exacerbations zezombusazwe ezinjalo zenzeka igesi ezingqubuzana Russia, okwaphumela intengo gas amazwe imba eqolo. Kwaba elinye igalelo embonini Ukraine.

Izehlakalo ezinkulu zalezi zikhathi 2014 futhi akazange abuqede nokubambisana phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili. Inkinga embonini yezimoto awe bhú phansi. Impikiswano izimoto ezintsha, sama nsé. Ukraine, i-GDP lengenako okwakukhona ongaphakeme futhi kunjalo, ngokusho le nkomba washelela endaweni le-111 lithweswa emhlabeni.

Ukuba buthaka kwezindlela kuhulumeni - futhi isici esasenza Ukraine. Privatisation eRussia nase-Ukraine zenzeka ngendlela efanayo. Ngenxa yalokho, le umkhakha enenzuzo kakhulu ezandleni ungqimba emincane. Noma yimuphi umongameli we-Ukraine kufanele ngempela acabangele timfuno kwamaqembu oligarchic, abathole ukuzimela abalulekile, iqhaza ukuphila kwawo ngokuqondene nezombusazwe, ukulawula abezindaba futhi ukuqhuba bodwa umzabalazo okufihliwe, kwenanela avele emaphephandabeni kuthelevishini.

Enye inkinga - ukungqubuzana kwezinhloso umongameli ephalamende. Hand-qinisa amandla bona, ngenxa Ukraine emlandweni walo iDemo esiwavakashele republic lobumengameli. Izimo ezinjalo musa akusizi ukuba utshalomali noma ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe okusezingeni eliphezulu. umumo wezomnotho njalo lula, ukuthekelisa nto esemqoka kwaba metal nemikhiqizo yezolimo.

Ukuqhathanisa lokube nawo ezingeni lekuphila eRussia nase-Ukraine

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke izinkomba macroeconomic ziphakeme eRussia kuka e-Ukraine, izinga lokuphila kula mazwe kuze kube muva nje, kwafaniswa. Umehluko bengangesabi kulinganiswe amanani aphansi, ikakhulukazi ukudla. Ngokwesilinganiso e-Ukraine zibiza eshibhile 30-50%. amasevisi Okusetshenziswayo futhi kuze kufinyelele 2014 eRussia ayehlaselwa ezibizayo nokunye okuningi.

Ngo 2014-2015, Ukraine waphoqeleka ucindezelwa IMF ukukhulisa yamanani ugesi, igesi ukushisa futhi emphakathini. Lezi zinyathelo zakhiwa nokulinganisa ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa, kodwa badlulisa phansi okukhulu sabantu. Ukraine ERussia namuhla sifana ekuqaleni '90s nezinkinga ezifanayo - isiyaluyalu esifundeni, Indinganiso low ephilayo, esikweletini esikhulu yomphakathi futhi uncike abakweletwayo zangaphandle.

Ukraine Imboni Region ngu

Uma ubheka izibalo, i-GDP-Ukraine ngo izifunda, kuyacaca ukuthi umnikelo esikhulu ukuze lasungulwa ukwenza laseDonetsk, Luhansk, Dnipropetrovsk nase-Odessa izifunda. Lugansk futhi IDonetsk ezifundeni bakha isakhiwo zezimboni olulodwa - Donbass.

Ukuzinikela kwabo emnothweni - 17% we-GDP. Lapha cishe wonke umkhakha sezimayini zamalahle kanye smelters eziningi. Evuthiwe nemfuyo kanye nezolimo. I isabelo umhlabathi olimekayo kule mikhakha 80%.

Dnipropetrovska has ezifakwa ocebile nsimbi nezinsimbi non-ayoni. Ngaphezu yokuncibilikisa insimbi, waba yisaga ngoba ubunjiniyela kanye yokukhiqiza aerospace kanye missile imikhakha.

Umholi e-GDP iminikelo Kiev kusukela 18.9%. Lena isikhungo sezimali futhi yesayensi ye-Ukraine. Kodwa nakhu ukuzicabangela ukuthi iningi yezinkampani ezinkulu bhalisiwe enhloko-dolobha, futhi umsebenzi wenziwa nezinye izindawo.

endaweni Western ampofu kwezomnotho. Le ndawo ehlala ikakhulukazi ekulimeni, ukuhweba. Ukukhethwa mhlawumbe ukuthi e Lviv, lapho kukhona ukukhiqizwa yezimboni. Enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Ukraine kuyinto evuthiwe chemical umkhakha.

Dynamics of izinguquko idatha GDP-Ukraine

Phakathi uzibuse, Ukraine esiye sabhekana ups eziningana ezinhle nezimbi. Ngokwe-schedule izinto ezimbalwa ungagqamisa izinguquko e-GDP. Kusukela ngo-1992 kuya ku-1999-GDP iconsi iphutha. Khona-ke iminyaka 8 ngikubonile ukukhula GDP, kepha global inhlekelele 2008 eminyakeni iziteleka nase-Ukraine, okuyinto kwaqondana ukungqubuzana igesi ne Russia nase ayemancane kakhulu amathuba okuba kaMengameli uViktor Yushchenko nenhloko uhulumeni Tymoshenko.

Ngowezi-2012, it zaphumelela ukufaka ngesinyelela ezibangela ukuzinza komnotho, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Kuze 2014 kwaqhubeka nokwehla okuncane ukukhiqizwa. Isizathu sokwesula kwakhe kaMengameli Yanukovych okulandelwa ukwehlukana okwalandela eCrimea futhi impi Donbas sezishiye nenhlekelele omusha.

Outlook nasesimweni sengqondo

Uma sicabanga ingxabano eqhubekayo empumalanga ye-Ukraine, futhi zazo ukuzinza kungaba kungabaza. Ukuwa kwe-hryvnia exchange rate kuyinto izikhathi 3 zaba zimbi inkinga ezikweletini zangaphandle. Manje lidlule 100% we-GDP. Ochwepheshe abaningi kulindeleke ukuthi wenze amaphutha izibopho sangaphandle Ukraine kulo nyaka. Yilokhu okwenza, ukuwa GDP Ukraine 9% kubonakala nombono oqhakaze kakhulu. Ukuqina komnotho, okokuqala kunakho konke, kuncike ukumisa ngxabano lempi.