IRed Encwadi endaweni Saratov: uhlu zezitshalo nezilwane

Saratov Region idume yimvelo ocebile: izinqolobane amahlathi zemvelo, izilwane ezithakazelisayo futhi izinyoni, ngokuvamile, kukhona into ukubona. Lihlala izinhlobo ayisakwazi kubonakala kwezinye izifunda zezwe lethu elikhulu.

IRed egwalweni Saratov esifundeni

Ngenxa indawo yayo ezindawo lapho kwakuphambana khona eYurophu nase-Asia, isimo sezulu, inhlabathi kanye nezici impumuzo bukhomba lapha ezintathu landscape esishintshashintshayo: asemaqeleni, asemaqeleni kanye lulwimi ehlane. Ngakho-ke, ubunjalo Saratov esifundeni ngokwanele ehlukile. On the Right Bank enyakatho ihlathi imithombo umcako ezintabeni Hvalynschiny futhi Wolska, wedlula eningizimu zone ihlathi-asemaqeleni, ibhange kwesokunxele iVolga kuyinto utshani okuxubile, uphaphe utshani, fescue-umhlonyane emaqeleni, semi eziwugwadule emngceleni ne Kazakhstan.

Kunoma esifundeni Russia alizibonanga obunjeya. Ohlukile indawo kwaholela ekubeni okwakhe nomuzwa wezinkulumo yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene kwendawo Saratov: abangaphezulu kuka-1500 zezitshalo, 250 zezinyoni, 70 - ezincelisayo ... Futhi lokhu akuyona uhlu oluphelele. Ngeshwa, ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa yamazwe asemaqeleni of nezinye izinto ezenziwa abantu ibhalansi yemvelo kuyaphazamiseka, futhi abameleli esivelele kunazo zonke izimila nezilwane kuyagcinwa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni okunzima ukuzifinyelela: Ngo pheshana, e floodplains nezizalo zemifula, izindawo ezivikelwe Khvalynsk futhi Chopra, amahlathi kumysnyh Polyana. Kuze kube manje, kuphela uhlu zezinyoni ezingavamile noma cishe yokuqothulwa ka yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene zale ndawo wenza 541 ukubukeka.

IRed incwadi

Ngokokuqala ngqá ngo-isidingo sokulondoloza ukwehluka eziyingqayizivele yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene zale ndawo wakhuluma ngo-90s kwekhulu elidlule kakade. Futhi ngo-1996 Yavela-ke eyokuqala Red egwalweni Saratov esifundeni, lapho bebehlala khona: ethulwa ukuthuthukiswa eningiliziwe zezinyoni ezingavamile noma cishe yokuqothulwa phakathi kwezitshalo, izilwane nezinyoni. Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva kwathiwa kabusha ezikhishwe, futhi uhulumeni lesifunda evunyiwe uhlu zezitshalo nezilwane ezisohlwini Incwadi Olubomvu, futhi kuchazwa izinhlawulo umonakalo odalwe letintfo. Baphuthunyiswe abazingela zokuphathwa lokulawula indawo: esivaliwe abazingela amaphiva, iphahlwe ku izinyamazane, Roe izinyamazane.

Ikakhulukazi, lapho ivezwa esifundeni izilwane Saratov, efakwe ohlwini e Red Book (235 zinhlobo), izitshalo (286 zinhlobo). Le ncwadi ngokucebile aboniswa ikhombisa amabalazwe ukusatshalaliswa nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinyoni ezingavamile futhi ezisengcupheni, izincazelo zabo, izincomo Ukuvikelwa.

emhlabeni isilwane

Okwamanje, kukhona isidingo lomunye khiphani. IRed egwalweni Saratov esifundeni kumagazini omusha ngenxa yokuphuma 2016. It bayohlanganisa imininingwane zeminyaka yamuva ziyasongelwa ukunyamalala ngokuphelele futhi kuseduze futhi zezinyoni ezingavamile yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene samanje esigodini sakithi futhi abadinga ukuvikelwa ngokukhethekile. Izilwane iRed Book of the Saratov esifundeni ethulwa ezimbili kweshumi zezinyoni ezingavamile ezincelisayo, 32 zezinyoni.

Ukuvikelwa ngokukhethekile kudingeka 7 zilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye 4 zezintaka abakhileyo emazweni amanzi. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ezihuquzelayo kungenziwa kuphawulwe isibankwa emibalabala. Ngokwejwayelekile uhlala ezindaweni landscaped of emaqeleni kanye lulwimi ezingwadule, ikakhulukazi ku-ibhange kwesokunxele River iVolga, ikakhulu endaweni Marx. Ngezinye izikhathi bale zinhlobo zingatholakala ehlathini ngisho ezinkangala. Uhlala Burrows engajulile lapho Ukuvubukula uqobo, noma isebenzisa mink amaxoxo, namagundane ngisho axazulule imifantu nemifantu kwenhlabathi. Ukudla ke - izinambuzane ezincane: izimpukane, izicabucabu, izintuthwane, amacimbi. Hunting ekuseni emini. Sibeka amaqanda usayizi mikhulu - kusuka 1 kuya ngamasentimitha nenxenye.

Ezokuphepha nokulawula

Izilwane iRed egwalweni Saratov ndawo ngaphansi kwesivikelo nokulawula uhulumeni lesifunda. Ukuze umonakalo odalwe nokuthola nolokubhujiswa emthethweni kanye okwalandela, kanye ukubhujiswa noma ukulimala yazo, izinyathelo ezimisiwe impahla kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo nezokuphatha.

IRed egwalweni Saratov esifundeni kuyinto uhla lwezindawo izilwane eziphilayo ensimini ka Saratov. Lawa izinhlobo ezilandelayo: Screaming muskrat, marmot uhlala emaqeleni, noctule, ingcaca lingakanani giant. squad wezilwane kukhona itshe Curlew, ukhozi esikebheni, Saker ezithakazelisayo, ukuklabalasa bustard, tyuvik, Crane (Belladonna), inyoka ukhozi, ihansi Red-, noziningweni nobudlelwano, spoonbill, onesiqhova nevuba, amhlophe-tailed Ukhozi, kanye eziningi cishe nazo kuze kube manje zinhlobo futhi zenyathi .

Ngo kwesibalo eliphezulu kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingavamile squad, bustard cishe yokuqothulwa, bustard kancane ayitholakali, ukhohlwe inyoka ukhozi nabanye abaningi.

izinyoni

Esikhathini "Red egwalweni Saratov esifundeni. Izinyoni "libaluleke Gull mncane-akhokhiswa. Kuvame kudidaniswe Gull Black abangenangqondo, kodwa ngokungafani naye ekhanda Umbala izibaya ezimhlophe kwakhe, hhayi black, like i-seagull. ubuhle Special sithatha Intamo Pinkish, umsila nomzimba aphansi, futhi lokhu Umbala kuyinto ejwayelekile kwesikhathi ehlobo. Umhlane amaphiko kukhona imivimbo grey, omnyama nomhlophe phezu umsila kanye namathiphu izimpaphe abamnyama, kanye umlomo wenyoni elihle elibomvu nasemilenzeni ngubo ephelele ijuba nenhle. Bird enkulu ngokwanele - ubude esuka 39 amasentimitha kube yingxenye imitha, namaphiko mayelana imitha. It kungabonakala ngebhange kwesokunxele ngezinyanga zasehlobo.

Golden ukhozi - inyoni esesabekayo

Okunye izinyoni kufakwe Red egwalweni Saratov esifundeni - golden eagle. Lena omele kuhle esesabekayo kwezinyoni, ubude izimpiko salo amasentimitha 7 kuphela, imilenze enezimpiko kuya izimpiko. Inesisindo kusukela amakhilogremu amathathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa, ubude umzimba elilodwa. Ngenxa mnyama sheen egolide ikhanda nentamo umbala isihloko sokuqala, ngesiNgisi izwi kuzwakala "Golden Eagle". Izingane ukhozi emhlophe. Ingabe umbono omkhulu, ebona inyamazane at ibanga 4 amakhilomitha. Ijubane indiza e ifuna banciphise umfutho wamanzi kakhulu ngaphezulu kuka-100 km / h.
endaweni abahlala - amahlathi, ngesimo sendawo enezintaba. Found in Khvalynsk Reserve. It ivikelwe. Sikuqede amadada, woodchucks, izindwandwe ngisho crane kanye inyoka. Nobudlova kakhulu, kungase ukuhlasela ngisho izinyamazane, Roe izinyamazane. Bavame ukuba sihlale sithembekile nomunye kwaze kwaba usuku lokugcina. Izidleke amabhangqa amaningana, amachwane amabhu izinsuku ezingu-45, kulandele cishe izinyanga ezimbili, ukuwondla.

izitshalo

Bheka isihloko esithi "Red egwalweni Saratov esifundeni. Izitshalo "futhi olunzulu futhi ezithakazelisayo ngokwanele. Ngakho, encwadini yesibili kuhlanganisa zezimila 286, zazo 1 - ulele umndeni, 14 mhoobraznyh 3 lycopodium, 10 pteridophytes, gymnosperms kanye nohlobo 2 256 - angiosperms futhi 20 zenyathi isikhunta. Isihlahla izihlahlana zinhlobo zihlanganisa birch ezimhlophe, umshanelo Austria, Cotoneaster Aronia. Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile kukhona imithi weNcwadi Red: eVolga Adonis, Angelica, kubhekwe umuthi, ngumhlonyane ushevu. Isibalo ezingavamile kuhlanganisa zingaki izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo Ornamental: enyakatho wrestling, 11 zama-astragalus, cornflowers (naschityvetsya yabo subtypes okungenani ezine ezahlukene), futhi wonke ama-orchid esifundeni, zasendle neyaziwayo, Dactylorhiza nehlukile asemaqeleni isitshalo - barnyard utshani.

IRed egwalweni Saratov esifundeni liqala ukusitshela ngo-kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingavamile Izinhlobo: lady-Fern, Botrychium Lunaria nabanye. Lihlanganisa futhi utshani zasendle: Chii brilliant Zmeevka splayed.

Endaweni ukunakekelwa okukhethekile

Ngokukhethekile ikhokhelwa kuze Saratov esifundeni ukuvikelwa zezinyoni ezifana nokuklabalasa bustard, tyuvik, Crane (Belladonna), kanye nalabo okuye ohlwini kancane ekuqaleni. IRed egwalweni Saratov Isifunda sinezindawo 14 zezinyoni kwezinyoni ezidla inyama, kuhlanganise ukhozi, nenqe, griffon nenqe, ukhozi nabanye abaningi. Inani ukushicilelwa Encwadi Red likhulu kakhulu.

Izilwane we Saratov esifundeni, ohlwini ezisengozini ngaphansi kokulawulwa Uhulumeni Esifunda, kwakheka isisekelo yonke imisebenzi yesimanje kwemvelo esifundeni.