Trumpeter Infusorian: isakhiwo, imifanekiso, ukubaluleka imvelo

Zonke Inthanethi ligcwele izihloko mayelana ciliate-izicathulo. Nakuba ulwazi mayelana trumpeter kulabo ababempofu kakhulu, ukuzifunda musa ngokuvamile nethuba, singabali yokuthi ke ingenye abakhileyo ezivamile emadanyini. trumpeter Infusorian ngezinye izikhathi eyiphutha suvoek noma rotifers. Izindaba ukwazi abantu obonakala kungeyena iqiniso, Abambalwa babekhumbula ukukholelwa ukuthi kukhona emhlabeni lenyama enjalo emangalisayo.

Umsuka kwegama

Igama ciliates liyazikhulumela. Ivela ukubukeka kwakhe. Ukuma komzimba wakhe ciliate Stentor sifana icilongo gramophone noma uphondo. It has ukufana ne ohlangeni ngokushelela elandayo, okuyinto ekugcineni uya isokhethi kanye ithuluzi emoyeni. Nokho, infusoria ezinjalo kuphela uma ezolile. Uma kuphazamisekile, kuba sibonga imisipha Imicu yotshani yayo, uma kuba sengathi ibhaluni.

Amachibi ciliate-izimpimpi kukhona emndenini "izimpimpi", okuyinto uhlobo lwe Stentor (Blower). Igama Stentor ezitholakala izinganekwane isiGreki sasendulo. Kuyinto Ummemezeli, ngezwi elinamandla, lalisetshenziselwa isimemezelo izimiso yenkosi.

Stentor: incazelo emfushane

Kafushane nje, yilokho Stentor, it is ezintantayo kanye sessile ciliates. Ciliate-Blower (incazelo emfushane): Ezansi kuyinto reducible stem side okuyinto unekhono ukukhweza infusorian tintfo ezingaphansi kwamanzi. Lesi senzo senzeka ngosizo the isikhwehlela ethakwa Stentor.

Ekubona kusengaphambili ingozi Isiqu icilongo umdlali ngsivinini uqala wehlise, ngalesi sikhathi umzimba wakhe onomfutho. Ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe Blower infusorian zingancishiswa okwesikhathi amafraktjhini ambalwa yesibili ingxenye yesithathu obuphelele! Esikhathini isikhundla sokuqala, sibuyisela kancane kulesi sikhathi has angu-10. Ukuncishiswa kugqugquzelwa khona ngaphakathi kwengqamuzana kwemisipha zesivikelo sesifuba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, it has a sinekhono elimangalisayo lokungawuzwa ukuphepha. trumpeter Infusorian has emzimbeni ezingenakubalwa izimbobo lakho elincane lapho izinduku afihliwe ngamathiphu abamnyama, eliqukethe ushevu. Ngamunye, wamshaya izikhali ezinjalo ikhubazeke ngokushesha, esimweni okubi, kufe.

Infusorian zibhebhetheka ngesivinini. Incazelo iwukuthi malula futsi kalula ukuthuthela izinhlumba yayo oyindilinga igcine Waterfowl, izinambuzane, nezinye izinto eziphilayo kuyisiphazamiso. Izinhlumba akhiwa ezingeni lokushisa ngezansi 0 degrees C.

ukubukeka

Stentor umzimba unohlobo isici uphondo emise, ekupheleni kwalo phambi lunganwetshwa uphondo. Kuyinto ensimini peristomalnoe emaphethelweni yangaphandle zazo uhlangane cilia zabo ezinde membranelly indlela etholakala emhlabeni izimbotshana ngomlomo.

Melenkie cilia ngaphansi ulwelwesi esehlanganise imigqa longitudinal wonke umzimba ciliates. Kukhona zinhlobo isidumbu ingabe kuphela umbala esingokwemvelo: icilongo icilongo okwesibhakabhaka noma eziluhlaza kanye green.

I ciliates kukhona ngobukhulu kusukela 1.2 mm kuya ku-3 mm. kwabo kungaba kanje:

• Ucingo.
• Izihlalo.
• Colonial.
• Single.
• Ukushintsha ukuma amaseli.
• Ungashintshi ukuma amaseli.

Kumi esiqongweni sezindawo cell endoplasm embozwe nombono siderogenous, futhi igobolondo ngempela obukhulu.

trumpeter Infusorian: systematics

Uma sicabangela amacilongo ngokuya taxonomy, lawa elula ku ciliates iyunithi raznoresnichnyh. Njenganoma kwezihlobo eziseduze, emzimbeni yabo cilia kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene - lamafisha.

cilia iDemo, okuyinto alungele ukubhukuda, Stentor umzimba imbozwe ngokulinganayo. eyelashes eside kukhona eduze komlomo, yokunamathela ngokuseduze komunye nomunye. Bakhonza ukuqondisa amanzi emlonyeni ukuvulwa. Ayikho umehluko phakathi kwabo is akubone, ngaphandle ubude, isakhiwo efanayo.

ukudla

Isici ezincane kakhulu kunazo zonke imisebenzi yokuphila, kuhlanganise ukudla. Ukuphakelwa efanayo nendlela ukugayeka at Stentor - umbuzo ethakazelisa kakhulu. trumpeter Infusorian uyazicabangela amagciwane zako ezisemqoka ukudla. Kanye letintfo ezidliwayo futhi lenyama encane, ulwelwe plankton nezinye izinhlayiya amanzi. Ngokuvamile, amacilongo, yokwephula imithetho Mechanics, sibhukuda enwetshiwe ekupheleni phambili zomzimba. Lokhu moshini kuyabasiza ngempumelelo wasithatha inyamazane ohlosiwe. ukudla lesidze ingena ngomlomo okwengeziwe ku emphinjeni trubkovidnuyu. Izinsalela emva ukugaya ukunweba nibonakala ngokusebenzisa poroshitsu.

Ciliates uyisidalwa elinganeliseki, yena njalo wavula umlomo wakhe, njalo powered. Kuphela phakathi nenkathi yokuzalela, le nqubo inqanyulwa. Iningi lazo ezibhekwa eziyingozi.

indlela yokuphila

The main izikhungo zokulawula iwumgogodla Stentor. Ziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinqubo kuseli uqhubeke ukwephula kahle futhi ngokushesha ukulungiswa. Ciliate Blower has a ikhono kubamangaze ngokushesha ukuletha umzimba owaqalwa ngemva ukulimala. Ngisho uma uthathe izingxenye eziningana, ngamunye wabo emva kwesikhashana liphenduka Stentor encane-ke, ukudla ngokushesha, izuza kunobukhulu balo basekuqaleni.

Into kuphela okudingeka uyenze - kuba phambi lonke macronucleus. Lapho ukuthatha ngisho neconsi lamanzi kusukela echibini namahlamvu awile, ngiyibeke ngaphansi ngesibonakhulu, une ithuba lokubheka nokuphila kwalezi abameleli abasha kwezwe izilwane ezincane, okuyinto ithakazelisa kakhulu.

Stentor: Sakhiwo sangekhatsi

Ngo Stentor has eyodwa contractile vacuole. Siqukethe ithangi neziteshi okuholela. Isici nobuntu okuyinto isakhiwo ciliates - kuyinto core macronucleus ezinkulu. Eceleni kwakhe, kukhona micronuclei ezincane ezimbalwa.

Siphinde sibe trumpeter kanye core encane, ngezinye izikhathi kuyoba eziningana. Isakhiwo ciliates zihlanganisa abasafufusa wokugaya ukudla vacuole, cilia, zinhlayiya, umlomo, vacuole wokugaya ukudla, ukususa indawo ukudla (poroshitsa), i-nucleus futhi nucleolus, le vacuole contractile.

Ciliates Trumpeter: ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Stentor isici ukukhiqizwa kabusha asexual. It Kwenziwa transverse division ukuqoqwa okunzima noma luthela ku amabili avame ukwenzeka isimo svobodnopodvizhnom.

Lapho ukukhiqizwa kabusha asexual kuyinto division of bonke nuclei, inqubo ngesikhathi trumpeter liphindwe izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ngesonto ngezikhawu ezehlukene. Izinga yalolu hlobo yokuzalana incike izizathu ezahlukene, kuba okokuqala, izimo zemvelo: lokushisa, inani ukudla, njll

Micronucleus division kwenzeka mitonicheski. Macronucleus ekuqaleni ihlukaniswe futhi elinesimo kabili DNA. Lapho sokuhlukanisa ciliates bangase bazibone ezinye organelles cytoplasmic. Ngokuvamile, basuke abasemaqenjini abantu abaye kabusha eyakheke eyelashes entsha kanye nokuvula umlomo.

Ciliate iqala ngamandla ukuze ondle futhi ukhule, bese esandisa futhi. Ososayensi baye benza inqwaba ucwaningo ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, esingakanani lezi zilwane kungaba ukukhiqiza kabusha asexually.

Ukuhlolwa kuye kwabonisa ukuthi kwezizukulwane ezimbalwa e ngibone umjikelezo wokuphila kwe ciliates kumele kube ngokobulili ukukhiqizwa kabusha noma conjugation inqubo, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho abantu ababili mbeni nezinye esiswini ngamunye. Eslphambanweni igobolondo ancibilikisa ukwakha ibhuloho cytoplasmic. Macronucleus ziqala ukuyeka wahlukanise 4 microcores core. Ezintathu kuzo eyabhujiswa ngokuphelele, kanti owesine iyona ukuhlukana nengxenye. Umphumela - kumiswa nuclei owesilisa nowesifazane ngamunye ciliates.

Ngakho, ngokobulili ukukhiqizwa kabusha inqubo akuphazamisi ukwanda kwenani Stentor. He yodwa kunomthelela sokuvuselela izakhiwo zenani elikhulu eziyifa kanye ukuvela inhlanganisela entsha ukwaziswa kwezakhi zofuzo.

Stentor: ukubaluleka ngokwemvelo

Ciliates, njengabanye elula, ukudlala indima kwabahlengikazi izinhlanzi eziningi emanzini acwebile ukungcola ngokudla amagciwane ayingozi futhi ezibolile izinsalela organic. Ngenani izilwane ungakwazi ukunquma degree of ukungcola kwamanzi.

Stentor e eziwukudla ingenye yezingxenye kuqala. Uma anomthelela izimo ezikahle, bona ukukhiqiza kabusha ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi inqwaba yalezi elula abe ukudla lusetshenziswa izinhlanzi ezincane, ezinamagobolondo, izinambuzane kanye izibungu zabo amadamu. Lesi sakamuva, esikhundleni salokho, abe ukudla ezinkulu ezingaphezu yezilwane amadamu, nenhlanzi gazinga.

Khuluma mayelana zalezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo ngokungenamkhawulo. trumpeter Infusorian, value lapho ubunjalo namuhla namanje akwaziwa ukuthi waphelelaphi, ephoqa ososayensi ukusebenza search zonke izimpendulo mayelana lesi silwane. kusekukhulu okufanele kwenziwe ukuze nazi, niqonde elula kancane.