"Into 277" wazibonela ithangi esindayo. "Into 277": incazelo, izici futhi amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Phakathi "impi yomshoshaphansi" ososayensi nonjiniyela Soviet ukuxazulula izinselele eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngezinye izikhathi zicatshangwe. Omunye izinkomba igunya yentuthuko ngaleso sikhathi kwaba ukudalwa kanye ngcono eziphathelene nezempi. Ukuzuza "Eminyakeni Soviet," namanje ashaye umcabango bethu amandla, amandla, futhi isihloko.

Kodwa akubona bonke ntuthuko iye ukusebenza bafakwa ekukhiqizweni. A isiphetho esidabukisayo kwamehlela eSoviet prototype ithangi esindayo "Into 277". It wadedelwa onobuhle ababili kuphela kulolu chungechunge, kodwa munye kuphela uyasinda kuze kube yilolu suku. Kodwa ngisho imidwebo, lokhu "yensimbi giant" kwenza ziyathuthumela.

Imininingwane zomlando

Kutfutfukiswa isizukulwane esisha amathangi esindayo waqala ngo-1955 e-Leningrad Kirov ifektri design bureau. Iphrojekthi eliholwa unjiniyela omkhulu Kotin Zhozef Yakovlevich. Ngokwemibiko ethile, wonke umsebenzi wenziwa nsuku yokuncintisana, nakuba lokhu akusoze ikhangiswe esidlangalaleni.

Ngenxa umklami bekulokhu eziningi ezenzekayo lempi. Lokhu self ezinezinjini wezikhali based hf amathangi 1 futhi IP Isitayela-152, Isitayela-122, SU-152, kanye owaziwa IS-4 esindayo ithangi elintantayo PT-76 BTR-50 futhi APC-P. Kodwa impumelelo wakhe oyinhloko kwakuwukushumayela T-10, esikhundleni okwakuzokwenzeka entsha "Into 277".

Kusukela ekuqaleni, sisungule ezimbili izinhlobo imishini - injini diesel gas ophephela amandla plant ( "uphikisana 278"). Bobabili prototypes ezaqaliswa off the line umhlangano ngo-1957.

Phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa, base ensimini ihlolwe futhi waletha kuNobhala lokuqala CPSU Khrushchev. Kodwa akazange bayakwazisa imodeli entsha amathangi esindayo, njengoba kwaba isitha okuqina bendabuko labadubuli izinhlelo. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-isizathu ukumisa wonke ngentuthuko by 1960.

Entsha tank - izidingo ezintsha

Isimo nzima phezu kwezwe kwezepolitiki, ilukhuni "iMpi Yomshoshaphansi" Ngabamba onjiniyela ukwakha izinhlobo ngokuyinhloko entsha eziphathelene nezempi nezikhali. "Into 277" - isizukulwane esisha ithangi kwakumelwe bahlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile ukubeka phambili nguhulumeni:

1. Ubude isisindo - ngaphakathi amathani 55-52.
2. Ngesisekelo izingalo Ngangimbheka njengomuntu okumelwe rifled isibhamu osezingeni 130.
3. I kokuqala isivinini projectile - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-1000 m / s.
4. amandla Engine - 1000 hp.

Ngesisekelo imishini abasha babeke baba amathangi esindayo T-10 futhi IS-7, okuyinto baye bazibonakalisa kakade ngokwabo ukuba okuhle. Mhlawumbe ibizwa ngaleli qiniso kuye kwaholela yokuthi isenzakalo esisha akuyona Khrushchev wanelisekile - ". Umvikeli" izwe kudingeka ngokuyinhloko entsha

incazelo jikelele

Ukwakhiwa ngesisekelo steel esindayo ithangi amayunithi futhi amayunithi EC-7 ne-T-10. Umshini omusha kwadingeka isakhiwo zakudala - injini kanye ezimbili ukushayela yayiseKhesariya ezingemuva. Ngaphambili umzimba ingxenye uxoshiwe ngokuphelele, kodwa bead zazenziwe izimisele amashidi steel.

umbhoshongo yakhe "Into 277" esithathwayo cishe ngokuphelele phezu imodeli isizinda. Lolo hide luqala ngo ngaphambili ingxenye, okwakubekelwa ifakwe optical rangefinder emehlweni. I side aft isebangeni boeukladki nge ngomshini ukulayisha uhlelo. Ukwakheka izinhlamvu lalinabashumayeli 35 imizuliswano.

I sibonelo we "Into 278" nge gas ophephela amandla plant akuhlukile udizili sabafowabo. Kodwa ukuze ubone ukuthi mathupha futhi baqonde, kwathiwa empeleni, singakhonzi fated - model ngisho igcwaliswe.

Ukusebenza izici

"Into 277" advantageously zihlukaniswa ebusweni owayephila ngesikhathi izingxenye ihlolwe futhi kungase kutholakale nemikhulu. Uma bekungelona bethanda kanobhala lokuqala, ithangi esindayo yayiyoba omunye abameleli enokwethenjelwa kakhulu futhi enamandla eziphathelene nezempi. Ngaleso sikhathi, umsebenzi wakhe ngempela umxhwele:

• isisindo Combat - amathani 55;
• Ubukhulu (L x W x H) - 6990 x 3380 x 2292 mm;
• tank obuphelele nge isibhamu - 11 m 78 cm;
• phansi imvume - 435 mm;
• injini - M-850;
• ijubane esiphezulu emgwaqeni omkhulu - bengekho ngaphezu kwama-55 km / h;
• amandla reserve (ukushayela ngaphandle refilling) - 300 km;
• ukwakhiwa kwezikhali - 130mm isibhamu rifled M-65.

Shayela imoto kwadingeka iqembu ezine. Kucatshangwa ingxenye Leli qembu ethangini angene kumlawuli, umshayeli, umdubuli kambayimbayi futhi Loader.

ukubhuka

esindayo ithangi zempi iyahlangabezana nezidingo zangaleso sikhathi. It kalula ukumelana shot at uhla close kusukela D-25T - 122 mm isibhamu. Awuzange wafohla isivikelo projectiles ezuziwe ubukhulu 76-122 mm, futhi emi lapho abehlome ngezibhamu namabhomu rocket ezinezinjini. "Into 277" kwaba ukumelana umxhwele kangaka ethangini howitzer izibhamu ngenxa design zomzimba wayo. Wayelethwa ashiselwe kuya phambi ingxenye ukhonkolo. La maqembu ahlose metal amashidi usethe iphrofayli ye-variable. Ukubhukha frontal umzimba ingxenye kwaba 140 mm / deg, kanye bead - 153 mm / deg. Sakaza steel umbhoshongo frontal layo zempi ngokuvamile sise 290 mm / deg.

izikhali

I kwezikhali isisekelo ithangi kwaba 125 mm rifled isibhamu M-65 kungekho isiphetho ngaphansi esidabukisayo ngaphandle "Into 277". Ukuthuthukiswa Its waqala ngo-1955 (kanye ethangini esindayo) ngaphansi kokuqondisa Yu Tsirulnikova ekuklanyweni bureau zalesi sihlahla №172 - manje inkampani yomphakathi "MZ".

Ngo-June 1956, isivivinyo lokuqala izinhlobo ezintsha izikhali. Umklamo we-M-65 inezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• 7330 mm emgqonyeni eside futhi inikeza kokuqala Isivinini projectile ngaphakathi 1030 m / s;
• ejector wenza wazalela ingashiswa umsebenzi ukuze ugweme okuqukethwe igesi ngokweqile kwelinye lamagumbi nezisebenzi;
• nomlomo ukubopha compensator - encishisiwe umthelela ngenxa energy kinetic powder amagesi.

Ukuze lula inqubo ukulayisha wazibonela ithangi esindayo "Into 277" (USSR) yahlonywa ngomshini ukulwa iphakethe nedivayisi electromechanical kufanele kuthunyelwe. Ukuze ngokukhomba ngesibhamu target wahlangana amasilinda ezimbili wokubacindezela. ngaleyo ndlela-elementi Kwesobunxele ukudlala gidrostopora indima, futhi manje - isimame indiza mpo.

isibhamu design kwayekwa 1961 emva Ukuvalwa yephrojekthi "Into 277". 10 kuphela amakhophi lalezi izibhamu zavezwa, kanye ukuguqulwa kwenziwe. Kabusha isibhamu M-65 GL azange abe umehluko omkhulu futhi wakhishwa ukukhiqizwa ngonyaka ofanayo.

Engine, ukuwudlulisa chassis

Njengoba isitshalo amandla ethangini esindayo sihlelelwe ukusebenzisa omunye ezimbili zama-izinjini - ithuthukiswe udizili V-2 injini noma zasolwandle M-850. Umklami Kotin lunqunywe ukhetho lwesibili njengoba enamandla kakhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa. It senziwa isitshalo i eLeningrad futhi ine amandla umxhwele ngesikhathi - ezingaphezu kuka-1000 amahhashi.

I wazibonela amathangi esindayo - "Izinto 277" - motor ibekwe parallel eksisi longitudinal. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi sasizungezwe ejector Ukupholisa uhlelo, futhi ngaphansi kwadingeka amathangi ngamafutha diesel. Ngemuva injini yafakwa Transmission ethulwa kwamaplanethi gearbox ibhukwana nge izigaba 8. Iphinde iye kuhlanganiswe eziqondisa igiya nge control wokubacindezela.

On the "Into 277" lalisetshenziselwa isibungu Umhambisi nge lomnyango metal ivaliwe. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi kuqondaniswe phezu 4 futhi 8 ukweseka roller asekelayo. A torsion ukumiswa ngokufanele afanako ISIZINDA kwakungekaNkulunkulu dampers wokubacindezela. Konke lokhu endows imoto ride bushelelezi futhi esiphithiphithini.

Interior nokufakwa

Okokuqala emlandweni amathangi esindayo kule anti-enuzi uhlelo "Into 277" wamiswa ukuzivikela. ncamashi ke yilokhu, hhayi indlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, termodymovye kudivayisi yokuhlanza ukuqapha imishini izindlela efakiwe ekulweni gumbi, kanye nemishini yokulawula ethangini kwamanzi.

Njengoba indlela eyisisekelo yokukhulumisana wenziwa umsakazo R-113 "Garnet", elaklanywa oda ekhethekile (ikakhulukazi amathangi) futhi ikhishwe ukukhanya ngonyaka 1953. Sinikeza ungaphazanyiswa ababili-indlela yokukhulumisana nge imisakazo yohlobo olufanayo, noma okufanayo imvamisa ububanzi.

Implementation ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla

Abanolwazi ithangi esindayo waqalwa PC zithandwa inthanethi umdlalo "Ground Var: Tank". "Into 277" ngokushesha bathandile wabadlali kanye iwine udumo omuhle ncwadi frontal ingxenye sikebhe futhi turret. Abadlali uyophinde uqaphele maneuverability okusezingeni eliphezulu nesivinini, okuyinto akuvamile okulindele lesi sigaba eziphathelene nezempi.

Omunye ethandwa yabadlali abaningi umdlalo World of Kwabonakala izimoto ezinkulu zamasosha "luhlobo" engakaze anikezwe indawo lendlu yebhanoyi. Ngokusobala, onjiniyela wanquma ukugxila imizamo yayo phezu ukuqaliswa "akukho isifanekiso" amathangi esindayo futhi bafaka "Ob.777 II" ngesikhathi supertesta. Nokho, uqiniswa ithemba lokuthi esikhathini esizayo, abalandeli uzokwazi ukubona "Into 277" esenzweni, namanje lihlala.

Labo abafisa ukufunda futhi ujabulele umdlalo phezu ikhophi inembe kakhulu kunazo zonke umdlalo, kubalulekile ukulinda izinguquko ezifanele e World of Tanks. tank Heavy "Into 277" ku Ground neMpi Amathangi Nokho eduze prototypes ekhona ngeke ukwazi ukujabulisa Ongoti eziphathelene nezempi.