Inqwaba-ukushayela umshini: isimiso yokusebenza, izincazelo, izithombe, kudivayisi. Izinhlobo imishini enqwabelanisa

Ekuqaleni ukwakhiwa obeka isisekelo kunesidingo. Lokho kuthatha umthwalo wonke timphawu tesakhiwo, futhi inikeza ukuzinza. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa isisekelo esiqinile - kuwumgomo oyinhloko noma iyiphi inkampani ukwakhiwa. Ukudala, udinga ukwakha ukwakhiwa inqwaba. Yinqwaba iyizinsika ukhonkolo, okuyinto bagcina walihlanganisa nomhlabathi phansi. Njengomthetho, basuke sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo. umshini Inqwaba-ukushayela isetshenziselwa ukuqaliswa okusheshayo lo msebenzi.

Uhlolojikelele

Le nqubo yadalwa kwamaSoviet. Ekuqaleni lalisetshenziswa usakhiwa isimo sezulu endaweni ebandayo. Lokho, amanye amadivayisi musa ukubhekana kangcono nale esindayo esiqinile. Ngemva kwalokho, baqala mass-umkhiqizo kanye nokusetshenziswa ukudala isisekelo izakhiwo ezahlukene.

Ukwakhiwa isisekelo wenziwa esimweni lapho phansi anezakhi abampofu nokuthi asikwazi withstanding imiklamo esizayo. Enqwabelanisa umshini izikolo zinqwabelane namandla inhlabathi izingqimba. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukwakhiwa okusheshayo isisekelo. Uba nokunokwethenjelwa okukhulu kakhulu, futhi inzuzo kwezomnotho. Futhi-ke asetshenziselwa ukufakwa isikulufa yinqwaba. Basuke basonta emhlabathini ibanga elithile, futhi anikela isendlalelo evikelekile. Uhlobo isikulufa elisetshenziswa sezwe eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Enqwabelanisa Rig ongaqhuba ngaphansi kwanoma iziphi izimo zezulu, isb uyakwazi ezisebenza at okushisa ambient esukela -40 kuya + 40 ° C. Isivinini somoya akubhekwa.

abakhiqizi

abakhiqizi eziholela imishini enqwabelanisa kuyinto Sweden, e-Italy, eJapane futhi eJalimane. Ukuze Chelyabinsk Engineering Plant kuholela emakethe yasekhaya. It inikeza Ukukhetha eziningi amadivayisi asezingeni elifanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banikela izingxenye ezisele for imishini, kanye nokusiza ukulungisa noma esikhundleni izingxenye. Khiqiza imishini izinga nikeza them hhayi kuphela e-Russia kodwa futhi kwamanye amazwe.

isicelo

umshini Inqwaba-ukushayela isetshenziswa ukuze kwakhiwe amabhuloho, imigwaqo, futhi izitshalo zezimboni ezinkulu. Kungatholakala kubhalwe ngendlela ukwakhiwa ezivamile, lapho iyunithi usebenza njalo. Kuyinto ukuthi yinqwaba musa clog, akhiqize ezindaweni zokwakha. Kulokhu, ukusebenza kwe-umshini wokubhola amanzi izimbobo ukuba Ekujuleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emgodini lehliselwa kanye lwemidlalo ligcwele ukhonkolo.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu

Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo imishini enqwabelanisa:

• Rail - ogibele komzila. Leli fomu ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha izindawo zokuhlala, izakhiwo zezimboni noma ezinye izinto lapho kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa inani elikhulu yinqwaba. Inzuzo main ubhekwa amandla. Phakathi bokwenza nobunzima elingalodwa ukwakhiwa, kushuba zibiza.
• Abakhasi - amayunithi enjalo zinamandla futhi kungenziwa rotated ngokusebenzisa engeli ezinkulu. Uma asikho isidingo ukufaka uhlobo wesitimela, ukusetshenziswa is zilandelwa uhlobo imishini. Bona ingatholakala ukwakhiwa civil, izakhiwo zezimboni kanye ekwakhiweni zinsika nezimbobo. Umsebenzi emshinini enqwabelanisa yalolu hlobo sincane kakhulu. Ukuze zokuhamba kwamanye amasayithi ukwakhiwa udinga ukusebenzisa ezisekelweni ezengeziwe.
• Wheel - Ubuhle balendlela high speed ukunyakaza.

Design izakhi Izinsiza kusebenza

Umshini kudivayisi enqwabelanisa kuncike isimiso yokusebenza. Ngakho kukhona lezi zinhlobo ukufaka:

1. imishini Mechanical. Ziyakwazi ezinkulu ezisindayo eshaywayo insimbi, ogibele Amabha ekhethekile. isando Heavy iziphakamisile ibanga mayelana 5 amamitha usebenzisa idivayisi intambo. Ngokulandelayo izikolo zinqwabelane kuze ngeke sehliselwe endaweni ukujula ezithile. kusimo wabo ukusebenza ongaphakeme, ngakho azisetshenziswa esakhiweni, lapho une ukwenza umsebenzi omningi.
2. imishini Isixwa. Lokhu imishini isetshenziswa kuphela khona yenhlabathi ethambile, ezifana loam noma isihlabathi. Letakhi ukunikeza ukungalingani ukuthi sisemsebenzini ukwakha vibration eqinile. Esikhathini esizayo, kuthinta inqwaba, futhi eshona. Ngesikhathi vibration umthelela okwamanje isetshenziswa. Inqwaba angasuswa noma nini uma kunesidingo. Inqwaba-ukushayela umshini, isithombe ukuthi okusesihlokweni esithi, kuyinto eliphezulu futhi imishini okuthembekile.
3. imishini Impact. A dengezi aboshelwe engxenyeni engenhla isitshalo, ngoba uzoqhubeka ukuhambisa impactor. Lapho isando lehliselwa, emoyeni ngaphakathi uMbhalo onomfutho. Ngemva ukuxhumana inqwaba sekunokuxhumana lomoya onomfutho nophethiloli, lapho kukhona amandla ezengeziwe siqondiswe umbhapathizo ukugqanyiswa. Ingxenye ke ichithwa ukubuya element esimangalisayo isikhundla yayo yasekuqaleni. Ngo engxenyeni engenhla umshini kukhona valve. Ezinye ukuhlinzekela air eyanele, nabanye - ngokuchitha imikhiqizo amandla omlilo. Ezinye ukuhlinzekela air eyanele, nabanye - ngokuchitha imikhiqizo amandla omlilo. Ngenxa yamandla ayo, imishini yalolu hlobo kabanzi kuzo zombili izinhlelo zokusebenza civil nezezimboni.

umshini Inqwaba-ukushayela: ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe

Ukusebenza engeziwe isehlane ezifana:

• ukusebenza;
• ukucwiliswa inqwaba ukujula;
• izilinganiso inqwaba;
• isivinini ephakamisa;
• umthamo;
• izilinganiso insika kanye emthambekeni yayo ukuthambekela;
• ukusebenza ugandaganda.

Lapho ekhetha kudivayisi inqwaba-ushayela ngowokuqala zonke sinake ububanzi esiphezulu inqwaba, kanye ubude bayo.

umshini Inqwaba-ukushayela: isimiso yokusebenza

Isimiso ezisebenza imishini enqwabelanisa iyona imishini okuqhubekayo inhlabathi. Lokhu kusebenza imishini yokumba. Nge ukujikeleza screw uphendulela ezithile kahle ukujula. Ngemva kwalokho-ke lehliselwa esebenzisa inqwaba futhi ithuluzi isando ayisa phansi. Yonke inqubo umsebenzi engikhiphela umshayeli abahlezi abanikeze asebenza nabo. Kuyinto elula kakhulu, ngoba uma ufuna ukwenza omunye isenzo, akudingekile ukuba athuthe ukukhiywa kocingo bese ushintshela imininingwane design. Ngosizo lokhu imishini kwenziwe izenzo ezinjalo:

• inqwaba liphuma khona ibanga 5 amamitha futhi kuvikelwe ukusekela isando;
• setha isiqondiso ikusasa kokujoyina inqwaba;
• inqwaba isekela;
• nokususa ezingadingekile izakhi inqwaba.

yinqwaba odla kwenzeka kuze, aze afinyelele uphawu, misa umsebenzi wokwakha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke wakhipha umyalelo wokuba ukuwenqaba. Lokhu Isitembu sesikhathi kubonisa zinyanga ukujula ukubaluleka umthelela isando.

Phakathi nalokho kubingelelana, abakhi ulandele engela ukuthambekela esinakho kakade. Uma Inkomba sinqatshiwe, umsebenzi eyenziwa lapho esephindele nemingcele isethi. Uma izinyathelo musa asize ke ukuyikhipha inqwaba futhi baqala futhi inqubo.

Izibuyekezo

umshini Inqwaba-ukushayela isetshenziswa ekwakheni izisekelo izakhiwo ahlukahlukene civil nezezimboni. Noma yimuphi umakhi ngubani wayezikhonza, ujwayelene imishini. izikhalazo Specific on umsebenzi wayengekho, abanye izimpendulo okuqinile omuhle. Isisetshenziswa ongahlabeki kuphela uma kahle eyolanda esakhiweni. Nakuba kucatshangelwa isimo umhlabathi, isimo sezulu kanye nohlobo lomsebenzi. Kukhona kuphela nemiphumela ethile engathandeki ezincane uma kusetshenziselwa ujantshi ithrekhi izinhlobo. Uhlangothi engakhi uhlobo lokuqala - design nzima, zibiza nesikhathi eside adingekayo ukufakwa kwalo. I yokuntula izimoto zilandelwa kuyinkinga kwezokuthutha. Ukuze zokuhamba kwenye esakhiweni kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ezisekelweni ekhethekile.

izindleko

Yiqiniso, ukuthenga enqwabelanisa mshini ngempela eqolo. Bayadingeka izinkampani eziningi emsebenzini wokwakha, ezoqhubeka zenziwe ukufakwa izisekelo. Kuze kube manje, izindleko kuziwa dollar ayinkulungwane 500.

Kusobala ukuthi isamba okunjalo ngeke sikwazi ukukhuphuka imiqansa ngamunye. Ukuze ukusetshenziswa olulodwa kuphela futhi kungaba ukuqasha imishini. Le ndlela kuvama. Kuye Ukucaciswa netimphawu esakhiweni ukuqasha izinhlobo ezahlukene kumadivayisi enqwabelanisa. Intengo zokhahlamba kusuka anamakhulu mahlanu kuya anamane amawaka ruble ngehora.

isiphetho

Lapho ekhetha umshini inqwaba-ukushayela, qiniseka cabangela uhlobo lomsebenzi, kanye izimo zezulu isimo sezwe kanye inhlabathi izimo. Enye inkomba okubalulekile ivolumu lomsebenzi wokwakha. Akubona bonke enqwabelanisa ukufakwa akwazi ukwenza ivolumu edingekayo. Uma zonke izinto ziyabhekelelwa kuyiqiniso, isisekelo eyizingqabavu futhi ethembekile. Inqwaba umshini ukushayela kabani izici nazo zonke izimo isakhiwo, ukufeza umsebenzi izinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela ungakwazi ukusungula ezengeziwe imishini imishini, esebenza ukuthola kumbiwa imithombo nokujula obuhlukahlukene.

Ngakho, sathola zonke izici eziyinhloko yale mishini.