Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi ngibe ukuvula ifayela le-XML ngendlela ejwayelekile: izindlela elula kanye nezinhlelo

Akubona bonke, kodwa abasebenzisi eziningi zanamuhla tangcondvomshini babhekana kudida ifayela format ye-XML. Hlobo luni Imininingwane nokuthi kungani kudingeka, uyazi abasebenzisi esingaphansi ngisho kwaleso. Hhayi-ke, uhlelo ukuvula ifayela le-XML, baqonde amayunithi jikelele. Nakuba lo mbuzo ilula ngokwanele, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kukhona izinkinga. Ake sibone ukuthi yini lokho.

I-XML format - kuyini?

Okokuqala, i-XML-format limelela uhlobo idatha elakhiwe usebenzisa ulimi ekhethekile ulimi lwekhompiyutha usebenzisa imiyalo ezifaka ingxenye achazayo izakhiwo noma ukumisa into esekelwe ithegi futhi imfanelo.

Ngamagama alula, i-XML-format umbhalo futhi ngandlela-thile okusikhumbuza uxhumano-HTML yomdwebo, okuyinto kabanzi ku-intanethi. Ngakho-ke, isixazululo wokulungiselela inkinga kanjani ukuvula-XML-ifayela etholakala ngohlobo olufundwa, kungase kube ukusetshenziswa cishe noma yikuphi, ngisho bakudala kakhulu sombhalo noma isibukeli. Kodwa lokhu akulona ngakho elula, ngoba amafayela kungase kudingeke injongo ehluke ngokuphelele.

Kungani usebenzisa amafayela we-XML?

Ngaphambi kokunikeza impendulo yombuzo kanjani ukuvula ifayela le-XML ifomu evamile, esikufundayo, yini esiyidingayo lezi izinhlobo idatha.

Okokuqala, ingaqukatha amanani mikhulu kolwazi, njengomculo noma ividiyo iqoqo, ibekwe ku-intanethi. Amafayela ngokwabo kuthi akufane nokwenzeka ID3-tags asetshenziswa MP3 futhi aqukethe ulwazi mayelana amafayela igama lomculi, albhamu, ngonyaka, uhlobo nokunye. D. Njengoba for igama XML, kulezi amafayela ukhethe ukwengeza idatha abangekho elinganiselwe, futhi amelwe Imininingwane ingasho nje kuphela entweni eyodwa (ithrekhi noma i-movie), kodwa futhi lonke iqoqo kubo (albhamu, amaqoqo nokunye. d.). I nemikhawuko kuphela - kukhawulwe inombolo enkulu yemigqa embhalweni. Yilokho ngokuvamile kubangela izinkinga uma ivulwa.

Okwesibili, la mafayela ngokuvamile kufanele ukuthi abophele izinhlelo ezikhethekile, futhi ulwazi umbhalo kuhlanganisa ulwazi mayelana ezinye izilungiselelo ebalulekile isicelo noma imingcele ezichazwe umsebenzisi. Ngokwesibonelo, e yiluphi uhlelo umculo, ungasetha nemingcele zakho nganoma yisiphi amathrekhi eyodwa noma amaningi, bese uyawagcina njengesibonisi ngokwezifiso. Futhi ukonga kungenzeka kakade ukuqonda, kukhona ngesakhiwo se-XML.

Ngiyithola kanjani ukuvula ifayela le-XML ngendlela ejwayelekile: indlela elula

Manje sibheke ukhetho elula sokuvula loluhlobo lwefayela. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthatha i-Windows-system. Njengomthetho, inhlangano ayisethelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo kule format. Ngenxa yalokho - ukungakwazi ukuvula ifayela kabili ngokucindezela.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngisho noma usebenzisa le ndlela, noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa Windows yoqobo inikeza uhlu ezinye izicelo ezifanele kakhulu noma ingayala umsebenzisi ucacise elisebenzisekayo Exe-amafayela ukuphequlula.

Into yokuqala efika emqondweni maqondana yokuthi ifomethi umbhalo - Ukukhetha umhleli yalolu hlobo. Esikhathini uhlu izinhlelo, ngomunye wabokuqala (uma owokuqala) inikezwa ejwayelekile "-Notebook" - isicelo afakwe isethi esiyisibopho iyiphi inguqulo ye-Windows.

Nokho, uma senza ukuxazulula inkinga kanjani ukuvula ifayela le-XML ifomu evamile, ungakwazi lokuqala ukusebenzisa uqobo "incwajana," bese usebenzisa umyalo ukuvulwa kusuka kumenyu yefayela noma indinganiso yabo bonke inhlanganisela Ctrl O. Izicelo Akubuzwa, uma okukhethwa kukho esinjalo kuwusizo Ungaveza ukusetshenziswa le ndlela wonke amafayela walolu hlobo, noma izakhiwo ifayela imenyu ukukhetha uhlelo oyifunayo, okuyinto kamuva kuzovula ifomethi ezenzakalelayo (kokuchofoza double) kwimenyu Ukukhetha uhlelo.

Ungakwazi Yebo ukusebenzisa noma isiphi isiphequluli sewebhu ukubuka, kodwa idatha ngeke ukuhlela - kuphela ukubuka ngesimo umbhalo, akukho okunye.

Indlela yokuvula i-XML-ifayela ngendlela efundekayo: uhlelo umhlabeleli

Nokho, i-kuphela elula sombhalo akugcini. Ngokufanayo, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa igama elinamandla ngokwengeziwe izwi izilimi njenge-Microsoft Word. ifayela ye-XML eZwini kuyodingeka ncamashi ifomu fana njengoba phi nye, isibonelo, TXT format.

Kodwa kufanele uyinake kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi umgwaqo eZwini, eqinisweni kanye ukufomatha kancane ezahlukene kusukela ejwayelekile "incwajana." Yebo, ubuke noma uhlele idatha ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa isakhiwo dokhumenti ahlukahlukene indentation ekhethekile (ikakhulukazi khona imigqa ngokwanele eside) ingase ibe sengozini.

Kodwa lokho ngokuqinisekile abaningi abazi ukuthi inkinga kanjani ukuvula ifayela le-XML ifomu evamile, zingaxazululwa ngisho ngosizo MS Excel-spreadsheet processor. Nokho, nakhu umkhawulo kuyokwenzeka e emigqeni. Ngamanye amazwi, uma idokhumenti unedatha eningi kakhulu, ulwazi uboniswa awangaphelela.

Kodwa uma sikhuluma kanjani ukuvula ifayela le-XML ifomu evamile, ukuthi futhi kuyinto esifundekayo futhi kuhleleke, kungcono ukusebenzisa isofthiwe sokuqala ukuthi akuvumela ukudala lolu hlobo idatha, kodwa hhayi zonke izinhlobo zokubhalela izicelo ezikhethekile nge support for-syntax. Phakathi kwabo kungenzeka kuqashelwe ezifana Oxygen-XML Umhleli, EditiX,-XML Umaka nokunye okunjalo. Lapha kumelwe siqonde ngokucacile ukuthi leso sicelo ekuqaleni "ngensimbi" ngaphansi kolimi, futhi ube nezindlela eziningi kunabanye abahleli umbhalo, ngisho kakhulu 'eziphambili ".

Yehlulekile ukuvula XML

Ngakho, umbuzo kanjani ukuvula ifayela le-XML ifomu evamile, siyaqonda kancane. Manje cabanga amanye amaphutha uma uzama ukuvula idatha efana wokubuka noma ukuhlela. Njengomthetho, esetshenziswa isicelo Ungabonisa umlayezo ukuthi ayikwazi ukuvula i-XML-ifayela ukuhlukumeza ubuqotho into eziyifunayo. kungenzeka Izizathu zalokhu kakhulu ngendlela edingekayo (isibonelo, lingaphelele noma thwebula ngokuzumayo ophazamisekile kusuka ku-intanethi).

Ngisho ukwehluleka okungenzeka uma liqukethe amamaki angavumelekile kanye nezimfanelo. Kwezinye izimo, amaphutha kungabonakala nasemkhakheni uma i-XML-ifayela kuyinto okunamathiselwe e-mail. Lapho ezama ukuvula izinhlelo ezijwayelekile ezifana nalezi Outlook Express, kuqala uya ukugcina ifayela njengendlela idatha zesikhashana ukuba ifomethi TMP, futhi uhlelo unesibopho ukuvula ifayela yasekuqaleni oyifunayo, isandiso enjalo akayiqondi. Ngakho kungcono kuqala ukulondoloza okuxhunyiwe injalo yasekuqaleni, futhi ngemva evulekile.

Yini bakhetha ukusebenza kwe-XML-amafayela?

Ngakho esiphethweni kanjani ukuvula ifayela le-XML ngendlela evamile. Yini ukuyisebenzisa? Injalo elula ukubonisa ungasebenzisa noma yikuphi sombhalo noma spreadsheet esifanayo. Kodwa uma ufuna ukuhlela, ngisho nokusekela miyalelo, ukuze ugweme amaphutha kungenzeka uma ufaka imiyalo ngaphandle izicelo ezikhethekile ongakwazi ukuzenza.